1. TCM Center for AIDS Prevention and Treatment, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China 2. The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China 3. Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China 4. Beijing You’an Hospital, Beijing 100054, China 5. Yunnan Provinical Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650031, China 6. Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou 510060, China 7. Hebei Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050011, China 8. Anhui Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230000, China 9. Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing 100015, China
This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) by observing the changes in CD4 T-lymphocyte cell count of 110 cases with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) treated continuously with TCM for 84 months. Information of 110 HIV/AIDS patients from 19 provinces and cities treated with TCM from 2004 to 2013 was collected. Changes in the indexes of CD4 counts (≤200, 201–350, 351–500 and>500 cells/mm3) at five time points (0, 12, 36, 60 and 84 months) and different treatments [TCM and TCM plus antiretroviral therapy (ART)] were compared. Repeated measures test indicated no interaction between group and time (P>0.05). Degrees of increasing and decreasing CD4 count of the two groups at four different frames were statistically significant compared with the baseline. The CD4 count between the two groups was not statistically significant. For CD4 count of≤200 cells/mm3, the mean CD4 count changes were 21 and 28 cells/mm3 per year for the TCM group and TCM plus ART group, respectively. For CD4 count of 201–350 cells/mm3, the mean CD4 count changes were 6 and 25 cells/mm3 per year for the TCM group and TCM plus ART group, respectively. For CD4 count of 351–500 cells/mm3, the mean CD4 count changes were −13 and −7 cells/mm3 per year for the TCM group and TCM plus ART group, respectively. For CD4 count of>500 cells/mm3, the mean CD4 count changes were −34 and −17 cells/mm3 per year for the TCM group and TCM plus ART group, respectively. Long-term use of TCM could maintain or slow the pace of declining CD4 counts in patients with HIV/AIDS, and may achieve lasting effectiveness.
National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, China CDC. Work background of AIDS control and prevention in China. 2014.
2
RS Hogg, KV Heath, B Yip, KJ Craib, MV O’Shaughnessy, MT Schechter, JS Montaner. Improved survival among HIV-infected individuals following initiation of antiretroviral therapy. JAMA 1998; 279(6): 450−454 https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.279.6.450
pmid: 9466638
3
A Mocroft, S Vella, TL Benfield, A Chiesi, V Miller, P Gargalianos, A d’Arminio Monforte, I Yust, JN Bruun, AN Phillips, JD Lundgren. Changing patterns of mortality across Europe in patients infected with HIV-1. EuroSIDA Study Group. Lancet 1998; 352(9142): 1725−1730 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(98)03201-2
pmid: 9848347
4
FJ Palella Jr, KM Delaney, AC Moorman, MO Loveless, J Fuhrer, GA Satten, DJ Aschman, SD Holmberg. Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. HIV Outpatient Study Investigators. N Engl J Med 1998; 338(13): 853−860 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199803263381301
pmid: 9516219
5
R Chou, LH Huffman, R Fu, AK Smits, PT Korthuis; US Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for HIV: a review of the evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med 2005; 143(1): 55−73 https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-143-1-200507050-00010
pmid: 15998755
A d’Arminio Monforte, AC Lepri, G Rezza, P Pezzotti, A Antinori, AN Phillips, G Angarano, V Colangeli, A De Luca, G Ippolito, L Caggese, F Soscia, G Filice, F Gritti, P Narciso, U Tirelli, M Moroni. Insights into the reasons for discontinuation of the first highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimen in a cohort of antiretroviral naïve patients. I.CO.N.A. Study Group. Italian Cohort of Antiretroviral-Naïve Patients. AIDS 2000; 14(5): 499−507 https://doi.org/10.1097/00002030-200003310-00005
pmid: 10780712
8
IW Park, C Han, X Song, LA Green, T Wang, Y Liu, C Cen, X Song, B Yang, G Chen, JJ He. Inhibition of HIV-1 entry by extracts derived from traditional Chinese medicinal herbal plants. BMC Complement Altern Med 2009; 9(1): 29 https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-9-29
pmid: 19656383
J Liu. The use of herbal medicines in early drug development for the treatment of HIV infections and AIDS. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2007; 16(9): 1355−1364 https://doi.org/10.1517/13543784.16.9.1355
pmid: 17714022
CX Chu, YS Xu, J Li, SP Zhao, YF Li. Analysis on first detection of CD4+ T lymphocytes for new HIV-infected persons in Kunming in 2011. Pract Prev Med (Shi Yong Yu Fang Yi Xue) 2013; 20(6): 705−707 (in Chinese)
13
LR Xu, FZ Li, Y He, JZ Guo, D Wang. Sixty- month clinical observation of HIV carriers/ AIDS patients treated with Yiaikang capsule in terms of theirs CD4+ T counts and viral loads. Chin J AIDS STD (Zhongguo Ai Zi Bing Xing Bing) 2010; 16(3): 231−233 (in Chinese)
14
J Wang, Y Liu, W Zou, LR Xu, L Fang, YG Wang, GL Zhang, JM Lu, J Zhou. Clinical observation of effect of traditional Chinese herbs on CD4 count in 807 people living with HIV/AIDS. Chin J AIDS STD (Zhongguo Ai Zi Bing Xing Bing) 2010; 16(3): 208−210 (in Chinese)
15
J Wang, BY Liang, JM Lu, XP Zhang, LR Xu, X Deng, XH Li, L Fang, XH Tan, YX Mao, GL Zhang. A sixty-months study of the change of CD4 T-lymphocyte cell count treated with traditional Chinese medicine in 565 HIV/AIDS patients. Chin J AIDS STD (Zhongguo Ai Zi Bing Xing Bing) 2013; 19(7): 468−471 (in Chinese)
16
YC Ma, GM Qin, GY Zheng, L Liu, LL Zhang, G Liu, XY Mao. Study on combined test with two kinds of different format HIV-Ab ELISAs as a substitute for western blot. Chin J STD/AIDS Prev Cont (Zhongguo Xing Bing Ai Zi Bing Fang Zhi) 2002; 8(6): 335−336 (in Chinese)
17
AIDS group of Society of Infectious Diseases, CMA. Guidelines for treating AIDS. Chin J Infect Dis (Zhonghua Chuan Ran Bing Za Zhi) 2006; 24(2): 137 (in Chinese)
18
Experts Group of Treating HIV/AIDS with TCM of National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Republic of China. Clinical Technology Solutions of National Free Treating HIV/AIDS with TCM Program (Trial). Health Office Medical Care Administration File [2005] No. 19 (in Chinese)
SL Yu, HY Xiang. Analysis of Variance and SAS Program of Repeated Data. Beijing: Science Press, 2004: 12−40 (in Chinese)
21
L Liu, Y Gao. Study on the correlation between traditional Chinese medicine syndrome and short-term prognosis of ischemic stroke using logistic regression model and repeated-measures analysis of variance. J Chin Integr Med (Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao) 2012; 10(9): 983−990 (in Chinese) https://doi.org/10.3736/jcim20120906
pmid: 22979929
22
H Qiu, GQ Jin, RF Jin, WK Zhao. Analysis of variance of repeated data measured by water maze with SPSS. J Chin Integr Med (Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao) 2007; 5(1): 101−105 (in Chinese) https://doi.org/10.3736/jcim20070121
pmid: 17214947
23
HX Zhao, FJ Zhang. Opportunities and challenges of treating HIV/AIDS with TCM plus western medicine. Chin J AIDS STD (Zhongguo Ai Zi Bing Xing Bing) 2008; 14(4): 425−427 (in Chinese)
24
M Badri, R Ehrlich, R Wood, G Maartens. Initiating co-trimoxazole prophylaxis in HIV-infected patients in Africa: an evaluation of the provisional WHO/UNAIDS recommendations. AIDS 2001; 15(9): 1143−1148 https://doi.org/10.1097/00002030-200106150-00009
pmid: 11416716
25
YW Cen, LC Fu, XH Tan, MM Zhang, BY Ma. Investigation of TCM syndrome in HIV/AIDS patients of Guangdong. Chin Arch Tradit Chin Med (Zhonghua Zhong Yi Yao Xue Kan) 2008; 26(5): 958−961 (in Chinese)
26
J Wang, BY Liang, SY Yan, JM Lu, LR Xu, YG Wang, L Fang, GL Zhang, XH Li, YX Mao, X Deng, XD Li, JW Wang. Clinical observation on 8946 AIDS cases treated by traditional Chinese medicine. J Tradit Chin Med (Zhong Yi Za Zhi) 2011; 52(5): 395−398 (in Chinese)