Clinical risk score for invasive fungal diseases in patients with hematological malignancies undergoing chemotherapy: China Assessment of Antifungal Therapy in Hematological Diseases (CAESAR) study
Ling Wang1, Ying Wang1, Jiong Hu1(), Yuqian Sun2, He Huang3, Jing Chen4, Jianyong Li5, Jun Ma6, Juan Li7, Yingmin Liang8, Jianmin Wang9, Yan Li10, Kang Yu11, Jianda Hu12, Jie Jin3, Chun Wang13, Depei Wu14, Yang Xiao15, Xiaojun Huang2()
1. Blood & Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China 2. Peking University Institute of Hematology, Peking University, People’s Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China 3. Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China 4. Department of Hematology-Oncology, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai 200127, China 5. Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China 6. Harbin Hematologic Tumor Institution, Harbin 150010, China 7. Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China 8. Department of Hematology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China 9. Department of Hematology, Changhai Hospital of the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200082, China 10. Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China 11. Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325000, China 12. Department of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China 13. Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai 200080, China 14. Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China 15. Department of Hematology, The General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA, Guangzhou 510010, China
Invasive fungal disease (IFD) is a major infectious complication in patients with hematological malignancies. In this study, we examined 4889 courses of chemotherapy in patients with hematological diseases to establish a training dataset (n=3500) by simple random sampling to develop a weighted risk score for proven or probable IFD through multivariate regression, which included the following variables: male patients, induction chemotherapy for newly diagnosed or relapsed disease, neutropenia, neutropenia longer than 10 days, hypoalbuminemia, central-venous catheter, and history of IFD. The patients were classified into three groups, which had low (0–10, ~1.2%), intermediate (11–15, 6.4%), and high risk (>15, 17.5%) of IFD. In the validation set (n=1389), the IFD incidences of the groups were ~1.4%, 5.0%, and 21.4%. In addition, we demonstrated that anti-fungal prophylaxis offered no benefits in low-risk patients, whereas benefits were documented in intermediate (2.1% vs. 6.6%, P=0.007) and high-risk patients (8.4% vs. 23.3%, P=0.007). To make the risk score applicable for clinical settings, a pre-chemo risk score that deleted all unpredictable factors before chemotherapy was established, and it confirmed that anti-fungal prophylaxis was beneficial in patients with intermediate and high risk of IFD. In conclusion, an objective, weighted risk score for IFD was developed, and it may be useful in guiding antifungal prophylaxis.
. [J]. Frontiers of Medicine, 2019, 13(3): 365-377.
Ling Wang, Ying Wang, Jiong Hu, Yuqian Sun, He Huang, Jing Chen, Jianyong Li, Jun Ma, Juan Li, Yingmin Liang, Jianmin Wang, Yan Li, Kang Yu, Jianda Hu, Jie Jin, Chun Wang, Depei Wu, Yang Xiao, Xiaojun Huang. Clinical risk score for invasive fungal diseases in patients with hematological malignancies undergoing chemotherapy: China Assessment of Antifungal Therapy in Hematological Diseases (CAESAR) study. Front. Med., 2019, 13(3): 365-377.
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