Apigenin alleviates neomycin-induced oxidative damage via the Nrf2 signaling pathway in cochlear hair cells
Gaogan Jia, Huanyu Mao, Yanping Zhang, Yusu Ni(), Yan Chen()
ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China
Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss and represents a promising target for treatment. We tested the potential effect of apigenin, a natural flavonoid with anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities, on neomycin-induced ototoxicity in cochlear hair cells in vitro. Results showed that apigenin significantly ameliorated the loss of hair cells and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species upon neomycin injury. Further evidence suggested that the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway was activated by apigenin treatment. Disruption of the Nrf2 axis abolished the effects of apigenin on the alleviation of oxidative stress and subsequent apoptosis of hair cells. This study provided evidence of the protective effect of apigenin on cochlear hair cells and its underlying mechanism.
W Marcotti, LF Corns, RJ Goodyear, AK Rzadzinska, KB Avraham, KP Steel, GP Richardson, CJ Kros. The acquisition of mechano-electrical transducer current adaptation in auditory hair cells requires myosin VI. J Physiol 2016; 594(13): 3667–3681 https://doi.org/10.1113/JP272220
pmid: 27111754
5
A Alharazneh, L Luk, M Huth, A Monfared, PS Steyger, AG Cheng, AJ Ricci. Functional hair cell mechanotransducer channels are required for aminoglycoside ototoxicity. PLoS One 2011; 6(7): e22347 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022347
pmid: 21818312
6
Y Kawashima, GS Géléoc, K Kurima, V Labay, A Lelli, Y Asai, T Makishima, DK Wu, CC Della Santina, JR Holt, AJ Griffith. Mechanotransduction in mouse inner ear hair cells requires transmembrane channel-like genes. J Clin Invest 2011; 121(12): 4796–4809 https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI60405
pmid: 22105175
7
D Ruhl, TT Du, EL Wagner, JH Choi, S Li, R Reed, K Kim, M Freeman, G Hashisaki, JR Lukens, JB Shin. Necroptosis and apoptosis contribute to cisplatin and aminoglycoside ototoxicity. J Neurosci 2019; 39(15): 2951–2964 https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1384-18.2019
pmid: 30733218
8
KN Prasad, SC Bondy. Increased oxidative stress, inflammation, and glutamate: potential preventive and therapeutic targets for hearing disorders. Mech Ageing Dev 2020; 185: 111191 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mad.2019.111191
pmid: 31765645
9
E Shulman, V Belakhov, G Wei, A Kendall, EG Meyron-Holtz, D Ben-Shachar, J Schacht, T Baasov. Designer aminoglycosides that selectively inhibit cytoplasmic rather than mitochondrial ribosomes show decreased ototoxicity: a strategy for the treatment of genetic diseases. J Biol Chem 2014; 289(4): 2318–2330 https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M113.533588
pmid: 24302717
10
R Esterberg, T Linbo, SB Pickett, P Wu, HC Ou, EW Rubel, DW Raible. Mitochondrial calcium uptake underlies ROS generation during aminoglycoside-induced hair cell death. J Clin Invest 2016; 126(9): 3556–3566 https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI84939
pmid: 27500493
11
L Liu, Y Chen, J Qi, Y Zhang, Y He, W Ni, W Li, S Zhang, S Sun, MM Taketo, L Wang, R Chai, H Li. Wnt activation protects against neomycin-induced hair cell damage in the mouse cochlea. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7(3): e2136 https://doi.org/10.1038/cddis.2016.35
pmid: 26962686
SA Tokgöz, E Vuralkan, ND Sonbay, M Çalişkan, C Saka, Ö Beşalti, İ Akin. Protective effects of vitamins E, B and C and L-carnitine in the prevention of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in rats. J Laryngol Otol 2012; 126(5): 464–469 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022215112000382
pmid: 22490890
14
Z He, L Guo, Y Shu, Q Fang, H Zhou, Y Liu, D Liu, L Lu, X Zhang, X Ding, D Liu, M Tang, W Kong, S Sha, H Li, X Gao, R Chai. Autophagy protects auditory hair cells against neomycin-induced damage. Autophagy 2017; 13(11): 1884–1904 https://doi.org/10.1080/15548627.2017.1359449
pmid: 28968134
15
Q Yang, Y Zhou, H Yin, H Li, M Zhou, G Sun, Z Cao, R Man, H Wang, J Li. PINK1 protects against gentamicin-induced sensory hair cell damage: possible relation to induction of autophagy and inhibition of p53 signal pathway. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11: 403 https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2018.00403
pmid: 30483050
16
V Noack, K Pak, R Jalota, A Kurabi, AF Ryan. An antioxidant screen identifies candidates for protection of cochlear hair cells from gentamicin toxicity. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11: 242 https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2017.00242
pmid: 28867994
17
G Meresman, M Götte, M Laschke. Plants as source of new therapies for endometriosis: a review of preclinical and clinical studies. Hum Reprod Update 2021; 27(2): 367–392 https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmaa039
pmid: 33124671
18
YJ Lee, KS Park, HS Nam, MK Cho, SH Lee. Apigenin causes necroptosis by inducing ROS accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ATP depletion in malignant mesothelioma cells. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 24(6): 493–502 https://doi.org/10.4196/kjpp.2020.24.6.493
pmid: 33093271
19
R Ginwala, R Bhavsar, P Moore, M Bernui, N Singh, F Bearoff, M Nagarkatti, Z Khan, P Jain. Apigenin modulates dendritic cell activities and curbs inflammation via RelB inhibition in the context of neuroinflammatory diseases. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2021; 16(2): 403–424 doi: 10.1007/s11481-020-09933-8
pmid: 32607691
20
K Ren, T Jiang, HF Zhou, Y Liang, GJ Zhao. Apigenin retards atherogenesis by promoting ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux and suppressing inflammation. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 47(5): 2170–2184 https://doi.org/10.1159/000491528
pmid: 29975943
21
I Bougioukas, V Didilis, A Emmert, AF Jebran, R Waldmann-Beushausen, T Stojanovic, FA Schoendube, BC Danner. Apigenin reduces NF-κB and subsequent cytokine production as protective effect in a rodent animal model of lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Invest Surg 2018; 31(2): 96–106 doi:10.1080/08941939.2017.1296512
pmid: 28340319
22
Y Ogura, M Kitada, J Xu, I Monno, D Koya. CD38 inhibition by apigenin ameliorates mitochondrial oxidative stress through restoration of the intracellular NAD+/NADH ratio and Sirt3 activity in renal tubular cells in diabetic rats. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12(12): 11325–11336 https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.103410
pmid: 32507768
23
B Salehi, A Venditti, M Sharifi-Rad, D Kręgiel, J Sharifi-Rad, A Durazzo, M Lucarini, A Santini, EB Souto, E Novellino, H Antolak, E Azzini, WN Setzer, N Martins. The therapeutic potential of apigenin. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20(6): 1305 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20061305
pmid: 30875872
24
T Tateya, S Sakamoto, F Ishidate, T Hirashima, I Imayoshi, R Kageyama. Three-dimensional live imaging of Atoh1 reveals the dynamics of hair cell induction and organization in the developing cochlea. Development 2019; 146(21): dev177881 https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.177881
pmid: 31676552
25
X Qian, Z He, Y Wang, B Chen, A Hetrick, C Dai, F Chi, H Li, D Ren. Hair cell uptake of gentamicin in the developing mouse utricle. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236(7): 5235–5252
pmid: 33368220
26
M Zallocchi, S Hati, Z Xu, W Hausman, H Liu, DZ He, J Zuo. Characterization of quinoxaline derivatives for protection against iatrogenically induced hearing loss. JCI Insight 2021; 6(5): 141561 https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.141561
pmid: 33476306
Z Zhong, X Fu, H Li, J Chen, M Wang, S Gao, L Zhang, C Cheng, Y Zhang, P Li, S Zhang, X Qian, Y Shu, R Chai, X Gao. Citicoline protects auditory hair cells against neomycin-induced damage. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8: 712 https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.00712
pmid: 32984303
29
X Xu, M Li, W Chen, H Yu, Y Yang, L Hang. Apigenin attenuates oxidative injury in ARPE-19 cells thorough activation of Nrf2 pathway. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2016; 2016: 4378461 https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/4378461
pmid: 27656262
30
Y Zhang, Y Yang, H Yu, M Li, L Hang, X Xu. Apigenin protects mouse retina against oxidative damage by regulating the Nrf2 pathway and autophagy. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2020; 2020: 9420704
pmid: 32509154
31
W Xu, T Zhao, H Xiao. The implication of oxidative stress and AMPK-Nrf2 antioxidative signaling in pneumonia pathogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11: 400 https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2020.00400
pmid: 32625169
32
U Müller, PG Barr-Gillespie. New treatment options for hearing loss. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2015; 14(5): 346–365 https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd4533
pmid: 25792261
33
HG Rizk, JA Lee, YF Liu, L Endriukaitis, JL Isaac, WM Bullington. Drug-induced ototoxicity: a comprehensive review and reference guide. Pharmacotherapy 2020; 40(12): 1265–1275 https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.2478
pmid: 33080070
34
JN Cobley. Mechanisms of mitochondrial ROS production in assisted reproduction: the known, the unknown, and the intriguing. Antioxidants 2020; 9(10): 933 https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9100933
pmid: 33003362
35
L Wang, Z Ai, T Khoyratty, K Zec, HL Eames, E van Grinsven, A Hudak, S Morris, D Ahern, C Monaco, EB Eruslanov, R Luqmani, IA Udalova. ROS-producing immature neutrophils in giant cell arteritis are linked to vascular pathologies. JCI Insight 2020; 5(20): e139163 https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.139163
pmid: 32960815
S Banerjee, S Ghosh, A Mandal, N Ghosh, PC Sil. ROS-associated immune response and metabolism: a mechanistic approach with implication of various diseases. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94(7): 2293–2317 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-020-02801-7
pmid: 32524152
RM Kluck, E Bossy-Wetzel, DR Green, DD Newmeyer. The release of cytochrome c from mitochondria: a primary site for Bcl-2 regulation of apoptosis. Science 1997; 275(5303): 1132–1136 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.275.5303.1132
pmid: 9027315
L Wang, Q Duan, T Wang, M Ahmed, N Zhang, Y Li, L Li, X Yao. Mitochondrial respiratory chain inhibitors involved in ROS production induced by acute high concentrations of iodide and the effects of SOD as a protective factor. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2015; 2015: 217670 https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/217670
pmid: 26294939
M Yang, ZH Jiang, CG Li, YJ Zhu, Z Li, YZ Tang, CL Ni. Apigenin prevents metabolic syndrome in high-fructose diet-fed mice by Keap1-Nrf2 pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105: 1283–1290 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.108
pmid: 30021365
46
M Galicia-Moreno, S Lucano-Landeros, HC Monroy-Ramirez, J Silva-Gomez, J Gutierrez-Cuevas, A Santos, J Armendariz-Borunda. Roles of Nrf2 in liver diseases: molecular, pharmacological, and epigenetic aspects. Antioxidants 2020; 9(10): 980 https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9100980
pmid: 33066023
47
A Owusu-Ansah, SH Choi, A Petrosiute, JJ Letterio, AY Huang. Triterpenoid inducers of Nrf2 signaling as potential therapeutic agents in sickle cell disease: a review. Front Med 2015; 9(1): 46–56 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11684-015-0375-1
pmid: 25511620
48
D Moretti, S Tambone, M Cerretani, P Fezzardi, A Missineo, L Sherman, I Munoz-Sajuan, S Harper, C Dominquez, R Pacifici, L Tomei, L Park, A Bresciani. NRF2 activation by reversible KEAP1 binding induces the antioxidant response in primary neurons and astrocytes of a Huntington’s disease mouse model. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 162: 243–254
pmid: 33096251
49
A Cuadrado, AI Rojo, G Wells, JD Hayes, SP Cousin, WL Rumsey, OC Attucks, S Franklin, AL Levonen, TW Kensler, AT Dinkova-Kostova. Therapeutic targeting of the NRF2 and KEAP1 partnership in chronic diseases. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2019; 18(4): 295–317 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41573-018-0008-x
pmid: 30610225
50
GS Drummond, J Baum, M Greenberg, D Lewis, NG Abraham. HO-1 overexpression and underexpression: clinical implications. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 673: 108073 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2019.108073
pmid: 31425676
51
Y Honkura, H Matsuo, S Murakami, M Sakiyama, K Mizutari, A Shiotani, M Yamamoto, I Morita, N Shinomiya, T Kawase, Y Katori, H Motohashi. NRF2 is a key target for prevention of noise-induced hearing loss by reducing oxidative damage of cochlea. Sci Rep 2016; 6(1): 19329 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep19329
pmid: 26776972
52
W Zhang, H Xiong, J Pang, Z Su, L Lai, H Lin, B Jian, W He, H Yang, Y Zheng. Nrf2 activation protects auditory hair cells from cisplatin-induced ototoxicity independent on mitochondrial ROS production. Toxicol Lett 2020; 331: 1–10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.04.005
pmid: 32428544
53
Y Zhang, D Chen, L Zhao, W Li, Y Ni, Y Chen, H Li. Nfatc4 deficiency attenuates ototoxicity by suppressing Tnf-mediated hair cell apoptosis in the mouse cochlea. Front Immunol 2019; 10: 1660 https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01660
pmid: 31379853
54
CH Huang, PL Kuo, YL Hsu, TT Chang, HI Tseng, YT Chu, CH Kuo, HN Chen, CH Hung. The natural flavonoid apigenin suppresses Th1- and Th2-related chemokine production by human monocyte THP-1 cells through mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. J Med Food 2010; 13(2): 391–398 https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2009.1229
pmid: 20170340
55
C Nicholas, S Batra, MA Vargo, OH Voss, MA Gavrilin, MD Wewers, DC Guttridge, E Grotewold, AI Doseff. Apigenin blocks lipopolysaccharide-induced lethality in vivo and proinflammatory cytokines expression by inactivating NF-κB through the suppression of p65 phosphorylation. J Immunol 2007; 179(10): 7121–7127 https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.179.10.7121
pmid: 17982104
56
F Li, F Lang, H Zhang, L Xu, Y Wang, C Zhai, E Hao. Apigenin alleviates endotoxin-induced myocardial toxicity by modulating inflammation, oxidative stress, and autophagy. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2017; 2017: 2302896 https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2302896
pmid: 28828145
57
E de Font-Réaulx Rojas, G Dorazco-Barragan. Clinical stabilisation in neurodegenerative diseases: clinical study in phase II. Rev Neurol 2010; 50(9): 520–528 (in Spanish)
pmid: 20443170
58
R Shoara, MH Hashempur, A Ashraf, A Salehi, S Dehshahri, Z Habibagahi. Efficacy and safety of topical Matricaria chamomilla L. (chamomile) oil for knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2015; 21(3): 181–187 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2015.06.003
pmid: 26256137
59
JG Qiu, L Wang, WJ Liu, JF Wang, EJ Zhao, FM Zhou, XB Ji, LH Wang, ZK Xia, W Wang, MC Lin, LZ Liu, YX Huang, BH Jiang. Apigenin inhibits IL-6 transcription and suppresses esophageal carcinogenesis. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10: 1002 https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2019.01002
pmid: 31572184
60
M Granato, MS Gilardini Montani, R Santarelli, G D’Orazi, A Faggioni, M Cirone. Apigenin, by activating p53 and inhibiting STAT3, modulates the balance between pro-apoptotic and pro-survival pathways to induce PEL cell death. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2017; 36(1): 167 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-017-0632-z
pmid: 29179721
61
D Tang, K Chen, L Huang, J Li. Pharmacokinetic properties and drug interactions of apigenin, a natural flavone. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2017; 13(3): 323–330 https://doi.org/10.1080/17425255.2017.1251903
pmid: 27766890
62
Z Sang, K Wang, J Shi, X Cheng, G Zhu, R Wei, Q Ma, L Yu, Y Zhao, Z Tan, W Liu. Apigenin-rivastigmine hybrids as multi-target-directed liagnds for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 187: 111958 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111958
pmid: 31865014
63
Y Huang, X Zhao, Y Zu, L Wang, Y Deng, M Wu, H Wang. Enhanced solubility and bioavailability of apigenin via preparation of solid dispersions of mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Iran J Pharm Res 2019; 18(1): 168–182
pmid: 31089353