Kun Sun1(), Mark Walker2, Yongjun Zhang3, Tao Duan4, Luming Sun4, Jun Zhang5
1. Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China 2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ottawa School of Medicine, Ottawa 999040, Canada 3. Department of Neonatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China 4. Department of Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 201204, China 5. Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
. [J]. Frontiers of Medicine, 2023, 17(2): 352-354.
Kun Sun, Mark Walker, Yongjun Zhang, Tao Duan, Luming Sun, Jun Zhang. Advancing pediatric care before birth. Front. Med., 2023, 17(2): 352-354.
The medical study and treatment of the fetus, especially within the uterusa
The medical specialty concerned with the care of the mother, fetus, and infant during the perinatal perioda
An interdisciplinary specialty on medical study and care of fetus and child who have functional and/or structural disorders originated in the uterus
Focus
Offspring
Mother and offspring
Sick offspring
Proportion of pregnancies
100%
100%
Up to 10% [9–11]
Time span in life
8 weeks gestation to birth
20–28 weeks gestation to 28 days postpartum [12]
Fetus to adolescence
Key physicians involved
Maternal-fetal medicine specialist
Perinatologist, neonatologist
Maternal-fetal medicine specialist, neonatologist, pediatrician
Scope of clinical work
Comprehensive care for fetus
Comprehensive care for mother and fetus
Subspecialty care for fetus, sequential and comprehensive care for child
Research scope
Normal fetal development, etiology, diagnosis and treatment of fetal disorders
Etiology, diagnosis and treatment of maternal and fetal disorders
Etiology, diagnosis and treatment of fetal disorders, early life development and diseases, childhood intervention, treatment and rehabilitation
Tab.1
1
RC Goodlin. Perinatology. West J Med 1976; 124(2): 128–129
pmid: 18747643
2
MA Hanson, PD Gluckman. Early developmental conditioning of later health and disease: physiology or pathophysiology?. Physiol Rev 2014; 94(4): 1027–1076 https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00029.2013
pmid: 25287859
3
P; Diabetes in Pregnancy Working Group; Maternal Medicine Clinical Study Group; Royal College of Obstetricians Saravanan. Gestational diabetes: opportunities for improving maternal and child health. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2020; 8(9): 793–800 https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30161-3
pmid: 32822601
4
Q Chen, R Huang, L Hua, Y Guo, L Huang, Y Zhao, X Wang, J Zhang. Prenatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances and childhood atopic dermatitis: a prospective birth cohort study. Environ Health 2018; 17(1): 8 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-018-0352-7
pmid: 29343261
5
R Baxter, J Bartlett, B Fireman, E Lewis, NP Klein. Effectiveness of vaccination during pregnancy to prevent infant pertussis. Pediatrics 2017; 139(5): e20164091 https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-4091
pmid: 28557752
6
G Paul, R Chad. Newborn antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 detected in cord blood after maternal vaccination—a case report. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21(1): 138 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-021-02618-y
pmid: 33752624
CT Mai, JL Isenburg, MA Canfield, RE Meyer, A Correa, CJ Alverson, PJ Lupo, T Riehle-Colarusso, SJ Cho, D Aggarwal, RS; National Birth Defects Prevention Network Kirby. National population-based estimates for major birth defects, 2010–2014. Birth Defects Res 2019; 111(18): 1420–1435 https://doi.org/10.1002/bdr2.1589
pmid: 31580536
10
for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM); Martins JG Society, JR Biggio, A Abuhamad. Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Consult Series #52: Diagnosis and management of fetal growth restriction (Replaces Clinical Guideline Number 3, April 2012). Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020; 223(4): B2–B17 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.05.010
pmid: 32407785
11
M Osterman, B Hamilton, JA Martin, AK Driscoll, CP Valenzuela. Births: final data for 2020. Natl Vital Stat Rep 2021; 70(17): 1–50
pmid: 35157571
12
WD; COMMITTEE ON FETUS AND NEWBORN Barfield. Standard terminology for fetal, infant, and perinatal deaths. Pediatrics 2016; 137(5): e20160551 https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-0551
pmid: 27244834