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Frontiers of Medicine

ISSN 2095-0217

ISSN 2095-0225(Online)

CN 11-5983/R

Postal Subscription Code 80-967

2018 Impact Factor: 1.847

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Front. Med.    2023, Vol. 17 Issue (2) : 352-354    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11684-022-0974-6
PERSPECTIVE
Advancing pediatric care before birth
Kun Sun1(), Mark Walker2, Yongjun Zhang3, Tao Duan4, Luming Sun4, Jun Zhang5
1. Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ottawa School of Medicine, Ottawa 999040, Canada
3. Department of Neonatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
4. Department of Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 201204, China
5. Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
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Corresponding Author(s): Kun Sun   
Just Accepted Date: 03 February 2023   Online First Date: 23 February 2023    Issue Date: 26 May 2023
 Cite this article:   
Kun Sun,Mark Walker,Yongjun Zhang, et al. Advancing pediatric care before birth[J]. Front. Med., 2023, 17(2): 352-354.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fmd/EN/10.1007/s11684-022-0974-6
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fmd/EN/Y2023/V17/I2/352
Fig.1  Conceptual framework of In utero Pediatrics.
Fetal medicine Perinatal medicine In utero pediatrics
Definition The medical study and treatment of the fetus, especially within the uterusa The medical specialty concerned with the care of the mother, fetus, and infant during the perinatal perioda An interdisciplinary specialty on medical study and care of fetus and child who have functional and/or structural disorders originated in the uterus
Focus Offspring Mother and offspring Sick offspring
Proportion of pregnancies 100% 100% Up to 10% [9–11]
Time span in life 8 weeks gestation to birth 20–28 weeks gestation to 28 days postpartum [12] Fetus to adolescence
Key physicians involved Maternal-fetal medicine specialist Perinatologist, neonatologist Maternal-fetal medicine specialist, neonatologist, pediatrician
Scope of clinical work Comprehensive care for fetus Comprehensive care for mother and fetus Subspecialty care for fetus, sequential and comprehensive care for child
Research scope Normal fetal development, etiology, diagnosis and treatment of fetal disorders Etiology, diagnosis and treatment of maternal and fetal disorders Etiology, diagnosis and treatment of fetal disorders, early life development and diseases, childhood intervention, treatment and rehabilitation
Tab.1  Similarities and differences among three disciplines
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2 MA Hanson, PD Gluckman. Early developmental conditioning of later health and disease: physiology or pathophysiology?. Physiol Rev 2014; 94(4): 1027–1076
https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00029.2013 pmid: 25287859
3 P; Diabetes in Pregnancy Working Group; Maternal Medicine Clinical Study Group; Royal College of Obstetricians Saravanan. Gestational diabetes: opportunities for improving maternal and child health. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2020; 8(9): 793–800
https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30161-3 pmid: 32822601
4 Q Chen, R Huang, L Hua, Y Guo, L Huang, Y Zhao, X Wang, J Zhang. Prenatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances and childhood atopic dermatitis: a prospective birth cohort study. Environ Health 2018; 17(1): 8
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-018-0352-7 pmid: 29343261
5 R Baxter, J Bartlett, B Fireman, E Lewis, NP Klein. Effectiveness of vaccination during pregnancy to prevent infant pertussis. Pediatrics 2017; 139(5): e20164091
https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-4091 pmid: 28557752
6 G Paul, R Chad. Newborn antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 detected in cord blood after maternal vaccination—a case report. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21(1): 138
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-021-02618-y pmid: 33752624
7 J Zhang, K Sun, Y Zhang. The rising preterm birth rate in China: a cause for concern. Lancet Glob Health 2021; 9(9): e1179–e1180
https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00337-5 pmid: 34416201
8 H Kitagawa, KC Pringle. Fetal surgery: a critical review. Pediatr Surg Int 2017; 33(4): 421–433
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00383-016-4044-5 pmid: 28058487
9 CT Mai, JL Isenburg, MA Canfield, RE Meyer, A Correa, CJ Alverson, PJ Lupo, T Riehle-Colarusso, SJ Cho, D Aggarwal, RS; National Birth Defects Prevention Network Kirby. National population-based estimates for major birth defects, 2010–2014. Birth Defects Res 2019; 111(18): 1420–1435
https://doi.org/10.1002/bdr2.1589 pmid: 31580536
10 for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM); Martins JG Society, JR Biggio, A Abuhamad. Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Consult Series #52: Diagnosis and management of fetal growth restriction (Replaces Clinical Guideline Number 3, April 2012). Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020; 223(4): B2–B17
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.05.010 pmid: 32407785
11 M Osterman, B Hamilton, JA Martin, AK Driscoll, CP Valenzuela. Births: final data for 2020. Natl Vital Stat Rep 2021; 70(17): 1–50
pmid: 35157571
12 WD; COMMITTEE ON FETUS AND NEWBORN Barfield. Standard terminology for fetal, infant, and perinatal deaths. Pediatrics 2016; 137(5): e20160551
https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-0551 pmid: 27244834
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