Tribological mechanism of carbon group nanofluids on grinding interface under minimum quantity lubrication based on molecular dynamic simulation

doi:10.1007/s11465-022-0733-z

Front. Mech. Eng.

2023, Vol. 18

Issue (1) : 17 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11465-022-0733-z

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Tribological mechanism of carbon group nanofluids on grinding interface under minimum quantity lubrication based on molecular dynamic simulation

Dexiang WANG¹, Yu ZHANG¹, Qiliang ZHAO¹, Jingliang JIANG¹, Guoliang LIU^1,², Changhe LI¹(

)

¹. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
². State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China

Download: PDF(20034 KB) HTML
Export: BibTeX | EndNote | Reference Manager | ProCite | RefWorks

Abstract

Carbon group nanofluids can further improve the friction-reducing and anti-wear properties of minimum quantity lubrication (MQL). However, the formation mechanism of lubrication films generated by carbon group nanofluids on MQL grinding interfaces is not fully revealed due to lack of sufficient evidence. Here, molecular dynamic simulations for the abrasive grain/workpiece interface were conducted under nanofluid MQL, MQL, and dry grinding conditions. Three kinds of carbon group nanoparticles, i.e., nanodiamond (ND), carbon nanotube (CNT), and graphene nanosheet (GN), were taken as representative specimens. The [BMIM]BF₄ ionic liquid was used as base fluid. The materials used as workpiece and abrasive grain were the single-crystal Ni–Fe–Cr series of Ni-based alloy and single-crystal cubic boron nitride (CBN), respectively. Tangential grinding force was used to evaluate the lubrication performance under the grinding conditions. The abrasive grain/workpiece contact states under the different grinding conditions were compared to reveal the formation mechanism of the lubrication film. Investigations showed the formation of a boundary lubrication film on the abrasive grain/workpiece interface under the MQL condition, with the ionic liquid molecules absorbing in the groove-like fractures on the grain wear’s flat face. The boundary lubrication film underwent a friction-reducing effect by reducing the abrasive grain/workpiece contact area. Under the nanofluid MQL condition, the carbon group nanoparticles further enhanced the tribological performance of the MQL technique that had benefited from their corresponding tribological behaviors on the abrasive grain/workpiece interface. The behaviors involved the rolling effect of ND, the rolling and sliding effects of CNT, and the interlayer shear effect of GN. Compared with the findings under the MQL condition, the tangential grinding forces could be further reduced by 8.5%, 12.0%, and 14.1% under the diamond, CNT, and graphene nanofluid MQL conditions, respectively.

Keywords grinding minimum quantity lubrication carbon group nanofluid tribological mechanism

Corresponding Author(s): Changhe LI

Just Accepted Date: 09 September 2022 Issue Date: 26 April 2023

Cite this article:

Dexiang WANG,Yu ZHANG,Qiliang ZHAO, et al. Tribological mechanism of carbon group nanofluids on grinding interface under minimum quantity lubrication based on molecular dynamic simulation[J]. Front. Mech. Eng., 2023, 18(1): 17.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fme/EN/10.1007/s11465-022-0733-z
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fme/EN/Y2023/V18/I1/17

Fig.1 Tribological behaviors of nanoparticles on the abrasive grain/workpiece interface: (a) rolling effect, (b) filling effect, (c) polishing effect, and (d) film effect.

Fig.2 Molecular dynamics model for the abrasive grain/workpiece interface.

Fig.3 Ni–Fe–Cr series of Ni-based alloy workpiece model.

Fig.4 Abrasive grain modeling process: (a) optical microscope image, (b) shape and dimension of the abrasive grain model, (c) noise treatment for the abrasive grain model, and (d) data format of the abrasive grain model.

Fig.5 Models of carbon group nanoparticles: (a) CNT; (b) ND; (c) GN.

Fig.6 Ionic liquid model: (a) optimal configuration of the [BMIM]BF₄ molecule and (b) liquid film.

Fig.7 Models of nanofluids: (a) diamond nanofluid, (b) CNT nanofluid, and (c) graphene nanofluid.

Fig.8 Three simulation stages: (a) relaxation stage, (b) descent stage, and (c) grinding stage.

Tab.1 Morse potential function parameters. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [41] from Elsevier

Tab.2 LJ parameters for the interaction between carbon nanoparticle atoms and the remaining atoms

Tab.3 LJ parameters for the interaction between ionic liquid atoms and the remaining atoms except the carbon nanoparticle

Fig.9 Molecular dynamic simulations of tangential grinding forces: (a) histories of tangential grinding forces under different conditions, and (b) average tangential grinding forces under different conditions.

Fig.10 Comparisons of experimental data: (a)–(c) between MQL and DN-MQL; (d) between MQL, DN-MQL, and CNT-MQL; (e) between MQL and CNT-MQL; (f)–(i) between MQL and GN-MQL.

Fig.11 Abrasive grain/workpiece contact states: (a) under dry and (b) MQL grinding conditions.

Fig.12 von Mises stress distribution on the abrasive grain/workpiece interface.

Fig.13 Boundary lubrication region at the bottom of abrasive grains.

Fig.14 Tribological behaviors of ND on the abrasive grain/workpiece interface.

Fig.15 Effect of the number of diamond nanoparticles on tangential grinding force.

Fig.16 Boundary lubrication status on the abrasive grain/workpiece grinding interface under (a) MQL, (b) 1-DN-MQL, and (c) 5-DN-MQL conditions.

Fig.17 Tribological behaviors of CNTs on the grain /workpiece interface.

Fig.18 Two different postures of CNTs: (a) nearly perpendicular to the grinding direction, and (b) leaning at an angle of about 45° to the grinding direction.

Fig.19 Sliding effect of CNTs leaning at an angle of about 45° to the grinding direction.

Fig.20 Calculations of average tangential grinding forces under the MQL and CNT-MQL conditions.

Fig.21 Torsion behavior of CNT: (a) initial state, (b) bottom view of the abrasive grain at a grinding distance of 2.5 nm, and (c) top view of the workpiece-machined surface at a grinding distance of 2.5 nm.

Fig.22 Tribological behaviors of GNs on the abrasive grain/workpiece interface: (a) interlayer shear effect and (b) absence of the interlayer shear effect.

Fig.23 Comparison of tangential grinding force histories.

Fig.24 Welding of graphene layers in the molecular dynamic simulation.

Fig.25 SEM and EDS results of the workpiece-machined surface.

Fig.26 Bottom views of the grain wear’s flat face under (a)–(b) MQL, (c) 1-DN-MQL, (d) 5-DN-MQL, (e) CNT-MQL, and (f) GN-MQL conditions.

1	J A Sánchez , I Pombo , R Alberdi , B Izquierdo , N Ortega , S Plaza , J Martinez-Toledano . Machining evaluation of a hybrid MQL-CO2 grinding technology. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2010, 18: 1840–1849 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2010.07.002
2	N N N Hamran , J A Ghani , R Ramli , C H Che Haron . A review on recent development of minimum quantity lubrication for sustainable machining. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, 268: 122165 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122165
3	D Z Jia , C H Li , D K Zhang , S Wang , Y L Hou . Investigation into the formation mechanism and distribution characteristics of suspended microparticles in MQL grinding. Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering, 2014, 7(1): 52–62 https://doi.org/10.2174/2212797606666131231000234
4	Q A Yin , C H Li , L Dong , X F Bai , Y B Zhang , M Yang , D Z Jia , R Z Li , Z Q Liu . Effects of physicochemical properties of different base oils on friction coefficient and surface roughness in MQL milling AISI 1045. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology, 2021, 8(6): 1629–1647 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-021-00318-7
5	W Stachurski , J Sawicki , B Januszewicz , R Rosik . The influence of the depth of grinding on the condition of the surface layer of 20MnCr5 steel ground with the minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) method. Materials, 2022, 15(4): 1336 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15041336
6	M Hadad , B Sadeghi . Thermal analysis of minimum quantity lubrication-MQL grinding process. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 2012, 63: 1–15 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2012.07.003
7	J C Zhang , W T Wu , C H Li , M Yang , Y B Zhang , D Z Jia , Y L Hou , R Z Li , H J Cao , H M Ali . Convective heat transfer coefficient model under nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication coupled with cryogenic air grinding Ti–6Al–4V. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology, 2021, 8(4): 1113–1135 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-020-00268-6
8	T Tawakoli , M J Hadad , M H Sadeghi . Influence of oil mist parameters on minimum quantity lubrication—MQL grinding process. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 2010, 50(6): 521–531 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2010.03.005
9	X Z Zhang, W Huang, Q G Liu. Heat Transfer Theory. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 2011 (in Chinese)
10	D Y Pimenov , M Mia , M K Gupta , A R Machado , Í V Tomaz , M Sarikaya , S Wojciechowski , T Mikolajczyk , W Kapłonek . Improvement of machinability of Ti and its alloys using cooling-lubrication techniques: a review and future prospect. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2021, 11: 719–753 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.01.031
11	T O Nwoguh, A C Okafor, H A Onyishi. Enhancement of viscosity and thermal conductivity of soybean vegetable oil using nanoparticles to form nanofluids for minimum quantity lubrication machining of difficult-to-cut metals. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2021, 113(11–12): 3377–3388 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-06812-1
12	M H Sui , C H Li , W T Wu , M Yang , H M Ali , Y B Zhang , D Z Jia , Y L Hou , R Z Li , H J Cao . Temperature of grinding carbide with castor oil-based MoS2 nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication. Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications, 2021, 13(5): 051001 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4049982
13	B K Li , C H Li , Y B Zhang , Y G Wang , D Z Jia , M Yang , N Q Zhang , Q D Wu , Z G Han , K Sun . Heat transfer performance of MQL grinding with different nanofluids for Ni-based alloys using vegetable oil. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017, 154: 1–11 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.03.213
14	S Chinchanikar , S S Kore , P Hujare . A review on nanofluids in minimum quantity lubrication machining. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2021, 68: 56–70 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2021.05.028
15	Y B Zhang , H N Li , C H Li , C Z Huang , H M Ali , X F Xu , C Mao , W F Ding , X Cui , M Yang , T B Yu , M Jamil , M K Gupta , D Z Jia , Z Said . Nano-enhanced biolubricant in sustainable manufacturing: from processability to mechanisms. Friction, 2022, 10(6): 803–841 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-021-0536-y
16	R L Virdi , S S Chatha , H Singh . Experiment evaluation of grinding properties under Al2O3 nanofluids in minimum quantity lubrication. Materials Research Express, 2019, 6(9): 096574 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab301f
17	R L Virdi , S S Chatha , H Singh . Performance evaluation of nanofluid-based minimum quantity lubrication grinding of Ni–Cr alloy under the influence of CuO nanoparticles. Advances in Manufacturing, 2021, 9(4): 580–591 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40436-021-00362-1
18	Z C Zhang, M H Sui, C H Li, Z M Zhou, B Liu, Y Chen, Z Said, S Debnath, S Sharma. Residual stress of grinding cemented carbide using MoS2 nano-lubricant. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2022, 119(9–10): 5671–5685 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-022-08660-z
19	Y S Dambatta , M Sayuti , A A D Sarhan , M Hamdi , S M Manladan , M Reddy . Tribological performance of SiO2-based nanofluids in minimum quantity lubrication grinding of Si3N4 ceramic. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2019, 41: 135–147 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2019.03.024
20	F Pashmforoush , R Delir Bagherinia . Influence of water-based copper nanofluid on wheel loading and surface roughness during grinding of Inconel 738 superalloy. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018, 178: 363–372 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.01.003
21	L Prabu , N Saravanakumar , G Rajaram . Influence of Ag nanoparticles for the anti-wear and extreme pressure properties of the mineral oil based nano-cutting fluid. Tribology in Industry, 2018, 40(3): 440–447 https://doi.org/10.24874/ti.2018.40.03.10
22	H Hegab, H A Kishawy, M H Gadallah, U Umer, I Deiab. On machining of Ti–6Al–4V using multi-walled carbon nanotubes-based nano-fluid under minimum quantity lubrication. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2018, 97(5–8): 1593–1603 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-018-2028-4
23	T Gao , C H Li , D Z Jia , Y B Zhang , M Yang , X M Wang , H J Cao , R Z Li , H M Ali , X F Xu . Surface morphology assessment of CFRP transverse grinding using CNT nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, 277: 123328 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123328
24	T Gao , X P Zhang , C H Li , Y B Zhang , M Yang , D Z Jia , H J Ji , Y J Zhao , R Z Li , P Yao , L D Zhu . Surface morphology evaluation of multi-angle 2D ultrasonic vibration integrated with nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication grinding. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2020, 51: 44–61 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2020.01.024
25	R L de Paiva, R de Souza Ruzzi, L R de Oliveira, E P Bandarra Filho, L M Gonçalves Neto, R V Gelamo, R B da Silva. Experimental study of the influence of graphene platelets on the performance of grinding of SAE 52100 steel. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2020, 110(1–2): 1–12 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-020-05866-x
26	P H Lee , T S Nam , C J Li , S W Lee . Environmentally-friendly nano-fluid minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) meso-scale grinding process using nano-diamond particles. In: Proceedings of 2010 International Conference on Manufacturing Automation, 2010, 44–49 https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMA.2010.27
27	Y G Wang , C H Li , Y B Zhang , B K Li , M Yang , X P Zhang , S M Guo , G T Liu . Experimental evaluation of the lubrication properties of the wheel/workpiece interface in MQL grinding with different nanofluids. Tribology International, 2016, 99: 198–210 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2016.03.023
28	P H Lee , J S Nam , C J Li , S W Lee . An experimental study on micro-grinding process with nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication (MQL). International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, 2012, 13(3): 331–338 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-012-0042-2
29	B Shen , A J Shih , S C Tung . Application of nanofluids in minimum quantity lubrication grinding. Tribology Transactions, 2008, 51(6): 730–737 https://doi.org/10.1080/10402000802071277
30	M K Kumar , A Ghosh . On grinding force ratio, specific energy, G-ratio and residual stress in SQCL assisted grinding using aerosol of MWCNT nanofluid. Machining Science and Technology, 2021, 25(4): 585–607 https://doi.org/10.1080/10910344.2021.1903920
31	W T Huang , W S Liu , D H Wu . Investigations into lubrication in grinding processes using MWCNTs nanofluids with ultrasonic-assisted dispersion. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2016, 137: 1553–1559 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.06.038
32	T Gao , C H Li , M Yang , Y B Zhang , D Z Jia , W F Ding , S Debnath , T B Yu , Z Said , J Wang . Mechanics analysis and predictive force models for the single-diamond grain grinding of carbon fiber reinforced polymers using CNT nano-lubricant. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2021, 290: 116976 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116976
33	H Singh , V S Sharma , M Dogra . Exploration of graphene assisted vegetables oil based minimum quantity lubrication for surface grinding of Ti–6Al–4V-ELI. Tribology International, 2020, 144: 106113 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2019.106113
34	M Li , T B Yu , R C Zhang , L Yang , Z L Ma , B C Li , X Z Wang , W S Wang , J Zhao . Experimental evaluation of an eco-friendly grinding process combining minimum quantity lubrication and graphene-enhanced plant-oil-based cutting fluid. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, 244: 118747 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118747
35	D De Oliveira, R B Da Silva, R V Gelamo. Influence of multilayer graphene platelet concentration dispersed in semi-synthetic oil on the grinding performance of Inconel 718 alloy under various machining conditions. Wear, 2019, 426–427, Part B: 1371–1383 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2019.01.114
36	A K Singh , A Kumar , V Sharma , P Kala . Sustainable techniques in grinding: state of the art review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, 269: 121876 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121876
37	J Ren , M R Hao , M Lv , S Y Wang , B Y Zhu . Molecular dynamics research on ultra-high-speed grinding mechanism of monocrystalline nickel. Applied Surface Science, 2018, 455: 629–634 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.06.042
38	D Q Doan , T H Fang , T H Chen . Nanomachining characteristics of textured polycrystalline NiFeCo alloy using molecular dynamics. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2022, 74: 423–440 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2021.12.039
39	R T Peng , J W Tong , L F Zhao , X Z Tang , X Peng , X B He . Molecular dynamics study on the adsorption synergy of MWCNTs/MoS2 nanofluids and its influence of internal-cooling grinding surface integrity. Applied Surface Science, 2021, 563: 150312 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2021.150312
40	D X Wang, S F Sun, Y Z Tang, X F Liu, J L Jiang. Molecular dynamics simulation for grinding interface under minimum quantity lubrication. Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 2020, 54(12): 168–175 (in Chinese)
41	Y H Fan , W Y Wang , Z P Hao , C Y Zhan . Work hardening mechanism based on molecular dynamics simulation in cutting Ni–Fe–Cr series of Ni-based alloy. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2020, 819: 153331 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.153331
42	J H Los , J M H Kroes , K Albe , R M Gordillo , M I Katsnelson , A Fasolino . Extended Tersoff potential for boron nitride: energetics and elastic properties of pristine and defective h-BN. Physical Review B, 2017, 96(18): 184108 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.184108
43	G Bonny , D Terentyev , R C Pasianot , S Poncé , A Bakaev . Interatomic potential to study plasticity in stainless steels: the FeNiCr model alloy. Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering, 2011, 19(8): 085008 https://doi.org/10.1088/0965-0393/19/8/085008
44	Z P Liu , S P Huang , W C Wang . A refined force field for molecular simulation of imidazolium-based ionic liquids. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2004, 108(34): 12978–12989 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp048369o
45	J Tersoff . Empirical interatomic potential for silicon with improved elastic properties. Physical Review B, 1988, 38(14): 9902–9905 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.38.9902
46	X Chang . Ripples of multilayer graphenes: a molecular dynamics study. Acta Physica Sinica, 2014, 63(8): 086102 https://doi.org/10.7498/aps.63.086102
47	Z P Hao , R R Cui , Y H Fan , J Q Lin . Diffusion mechanism of tools and simulation in nanoscale cutting the Ni–Fe–Cr series of Nickel-based superalloy. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 2019, 150: 625–636 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2018.10.058
48	T Liang , P Zhang , P Yuan , S P Zhai . In-plane thermal transport in black phosphorene/graphene layered heterostructures: a molecular dynamics study. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2018, 20(32): 21151–21162 https://doi.org/10.1039/C8CP02831A
49	D X Wang, Q L Zhao, Y Zhang, T Gao, J L Jiang, G L Liu, C H Li. Investigation on tribological mechanism of ionic liquid on grinding interfaces under MQL. China Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 33(5): 560–568, 606 (in Chinese)
50	S M Yuan , X B Hou , L Wang , B C Chen . Experimental investigation on the compatibility of nanoparticles with vegetable oils for nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication machining. Tribology Letters, 2018, 66(3): 106 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-018-1059-1
51	D Z Jia , C H Li , D K Zhang , Y B Zhang , X W Zhang . Experimental verification of nanoparticle jet minimum quantity lubrication effectiveness in grinding. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 2014, 16(12): 2758 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-014-2758-7
52	R B Pavan , A Venu Gopal , M Amrita , B K Goriparthi . Experimental investigation of graphene nanoplatelets-based minimum quantity lubrication in grinding Inconel 718. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 2019, 233(2): 400–410 https://doi.org/10.1177/0954405417728311
53	A M M Ibrahim , W Li , H Xiao , Z X Zeng , Y H Ren , M S Alsoufi . Energy conservation and environmental sustainability during grinding operation of Ti–6Al–4V alloys via eco-friendly oil/graphene nano additive and minimum quantity lubrication. Tribology International, 2020, 150: 106387 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2020.106387
54	D F Moore. Principles and Applications of Tribology. Pergamon: Elsevier, 1975
55	Y G Wang , C H Li , Y B Zhang , B K Li , M Yang , X P Zhang , S M Guo , G T Liu , M G Zhai . Comparative evaluation of the lubricating properties of vegetable-oil-based nanofluids between frictional test and grinding experiment. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2017, 26: 94–104 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2017.02.001

[1]	Jin ZHANG, Xuefeng HUANG, Xinzhen KANG, Hao YI, Qianyue WANG, Huajun CAO. Energy field-assisted high-speed dry milling green machining technology for difficult-to-machine metal materials[J]. Front. Mech. Eng., 2023, 18(2): 28-.
[2]	Yang CAO, Biao ZHAO, Wenfeng DING, Qiang HUANG. Vibration characteristics and machining performance of a novel perforated ultrasonic vibration platform in the grinding of particulate-reinforced titanium matrix composites[J]. Front. Mech. Eng., 2023, 18(1): 14-.
[3]	Zhenjing DUAN, Changhe LI, Yanbin ZHANG, Min YANG, Teng GAO, Xin LIU, Runze LI, Zafar SAID, Sujan DEBNATH, Shubham SHARMA. Mechanical behavior and semiempirical force model of aerospace aluminum alloy milling using nano biological lubricant[J]. Front. Mech. Eng., 2023, 18(1): 4-.
[4]	Xin CUI, Changhe LI, Yanbin ZHANG, Wenfeng DING, Qinglong AN, Bo LIU, Hao Nan LI, Zafar SAID, Shubham SHARMA, Runze LI, Sujan DEBNATH. Comparative assessment of force, temperature, and wheel wear in sustainable grinding aerospace alloy using biolubricant[J]. Front. Mech. Eng., 2023, 18(1): 3-.
[5]	Yuying YANG, Min YANG, Changhe LI, Runze LI, Zafar SAID, Hafiz Muhammad ALI, Shubham SHARMA. Machinability of ultrasonic vibration-assisted micro-grinding in biological bone using nanolubricant[J]. Front. Mech. Eng., 2023, 18(1): 1-.
[6]	Teng GAO, Yanbin ZHANG, Changhe LI, Yiqi WANG, Yun CHEN, Qinglong AN, Song ZHANG, Hao Nan LI, Huajun CAO, Hafiz Muhammad ALI, Zongming ZHOU, Shubham SHARMA. Fiber-reinforced composites in milling and grinding: machining bottlenecks and advanced strategies[J]. Front. Mech. Eng., 2022, 17(2): 24-.
[7]	Xin YANG, Renke KANG, Shang GAO, Zihe WU, Xianglong ZHU. Subsurface damage pattern and formation mechanism of monocrystalline β-Ga₂O₃ in grinding process[J]. Front. Mech. Eng., 2022, 17(2): 21-.
[8]	Mingzheng LIU, Changhe LI, Yanbin ZHANG, Qinglong AN, Min YANG, Teng GAO, Cong MAO, Bo LIU, Huajun CAO, Xuefeng XU, Zafar SAID, Sujan DEBNATH, Muhammad JAMIL, Hafz Muhammad ALI, Shubham SHARMA. Cryogenic minimum quantity lubrication machining: from mechanism to application[J]. Front. Mech. Eng., 2021, 16(4): 649-697.
[9]	Zhigang DONG, Qian ZHANG, Haijun LIU, Renke KANG, Shang GAO. Effects of taping on grinding quality of silicon wafers in backgrinding[J]. Front. Mech. Eng., 2021, 16(3): 559-569.
[10]	Julong YUAN, Binghai LYU, Wei HANG, Qianfa DENG. Review on the progress of ultra-precision machining technologies[J]. Front. Mech. Eng., 2017, 12(2): 158-180.
[11]	Vladimir A. GODLEVSKIY. Technological lubricating means: Evolution of materials and ideas[J]. Front. Mech. Eng., 2016, 11(1): 101-107.
[12]	Shaodan ZHI,Jianyong LI,A. M. ZAREMBSKI. Modelling of dynamic contact length in rail grinding process[J]. Front. Mech. Eng., 2014, 9(3): 242-248.
[13]	Yulun CHI, Haolin LI. Simulation and analysis of grinding wheel based on Gaussian mixture model[J]. Front Mech Eng, 2012, 7(4): 427-432.
[14]	Yanming QUAN, Wenwang ZHONG. Investigation on drilling-grinding of CFRP[J]. Front Mech Eng Chin, 2009, 4(1): 60-63.
[15]	HUO Fengwei, JIN Zhuji, KANG Renke, GUO Dongming, YANG Chun. Recognition of diamond grains on surface of fine diamond grinding wheel[J]. Front. Mech. Eng., 2008, 3(3): 325-331.

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed