Dependence of porosity, charge recombination kinetics and photovoltaic performance on annealing condition of TiO<sub>2</sub> films

doi:10.1007/s12200-011-0205-2

Front Optoelec Chin

2011, Vol. 4

Issue (1) : 59-64 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12200-011-0205-2

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Dependence of porosity, charge recombination kinetics and photovoltaic performance on annealing condition of TiO₂ films

Chang-Ryul LEE, Hui-Seon KIM, Nam-Gyu PARK(

)

School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea

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Abstract

Effect of annealing temperature, time of nanocrystalline TiO₂ film on porosity, electron transport/recombination and photovoltaic performance on dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) had been investigated in this article. Photocurrent density was slightly higher as annealing at 550°C compared to those of annealing at 450°C and 500°C under the given annealing time of 60?min, which was correlated with the amount of adsorbed dye. Thermogravimetric analysis showed there was a more weight loss between 500°C and 550°C, which revealed there were more sites for dye adsorption. Given the annealing temperature of 550°C, as annealing time varied from 60 to 90 and 120 min, results showed that the average size of pore and surface area decreased with longer annealing time, which deteriorated photocurrent density due to less dye loading. Electron diffusion rate remained almost unchanged regardless of annealing condition. However, electron recombination was influenced by annealing condition, it became slower with the increase of the annealing temperature under the given annealing time. In the contray, the electron recombination developed faster for the longer annealing time at a given annealing temperature. These results suggested that heat treatment of TiO₂ film at 550°C for 60 min in air would be the optimal annealing condition to achieve high efficiency DSSC.

Keywords dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) annealing conditions surface area porosity electron life time

Corresponding Author(s): PARK Nam-Gyu,Email:npark@skku.edu

Issue Date: 05 March 2011

Cite this article:

Chang-Ryul LEE,Hui-Seon KIM,Nam-Gyu PARK. Dependence of porosity, charge recombination kinetics and photovoltaic performance on annealing condition of TiO₂ films[J]. Front Optoelec Chin, 2011, 4(1): 59-64.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/foe/EN/10.1007/s12200-011-0205-2
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foe/EN/Y2011/V4/I1/59

Fig.1 Effect of annealing temperature on short-circuit photocurrent density () and amount of adsorbed dye

Tab.1 Short-circuit photocurrent density (), open-circuit voltage (), fill factor (), conversion efficiency () and amount of adsorbed dye for TiO films annealed at different temperatures. Annealing temperature was varied at fixed time of 60 min. Measurements were performed under AM 1.5 G one sun light intensity (100 mW·cm) and cell was covered with mask having aperture during measurement.

Fig.2 Temperature-dependent weight loss of TiO paste between 400°C and 600°C (thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) curve in entire measured temperature range, and data were collected under N atmosphere at a rate of 5°C/min)

Fig.3 (a) Photocurrent-voltage curves; (b) IPCE spectra of dye-sensitized solar cells with different annealing times of 60, 90, and 120 min at fixed temperature of 550°C

Tab.2 , , , , amount of adsorbed dye and surface area for TiO films with different annealing times. Annealing time was varied at fixed temperature of 550°C. Measurements were performed under AM 1.5 G sun light intensity (100 mW·cm) and cell was covered with mask having aperture during measurement.

Fig.4 Results of surface area measurement. (a) Nitrogen adsorption-desorption hysteresis loops; (b) pore distribution for TiO films with different annealing time

Fig.5 SEM of TiO nanoparticles with different annealing time at fixed annealing temperature of 550°C. (a) 60 min; (b) 120 min

Fig.6 Effect of (a) annealing temperature and; (b) annealing time on time constants for recombination

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