Simultaneous generation of nonlinear optical harmonics and terahertz radiation in air: polarization discrimination of various nonlinear contributions

doi:10.1007/s12200-014-0443-1

Front. Optoelectron.

2015, Vol. 8

Issue (1) : 73-80 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12200-014-0443-1

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Simultaneous generation of nonlinear optical harmonics and terahertz radiation in air: polarization discrimination of various nonlinear contributions

Mikhail ESAULKOV(

),Olga KOSAREVA,Vladimir MAKAROV,Nikolay PANOV,Alexander SHKURINOV

Department of Physics and International Laser Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Moscow 119992, Russia

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Abstract

In this paper, we experimentally observed generation of the second and the third optical harmonics and the broadband terahertz radiation in the course of 800 nm 120 fs pulse in atmospheric air. The analysis of their polarization properties revealed unity of their nonlinear optical nature. Taking into account only the third-order nonlinear response of the neutral molecules of air, we analytically described the newly generated elliptically polarized 3d harmonic, the linear polarization of terahertz radiation and the stability of terahertz energy yield for the initial circularly polarized ω pump pulse.

Keywords terahertz polarization harmonics nonlinearity

Corresponding Author(s): Mikhail ESAULKOV

Online First Date: 31 July 2014 Issue Date: 13 February 2015

Cite this article:

Olga KOSAREVA,Vladimir MAKAROV,Nikolay PANOV, et al. Simultaneous generation of nonlinear optical harmonics and terahertz radiation in air: polarization discrimination of various nonlinear contributions[J]. Front. Optoelectron., 2015, 8(1): 73-80.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/foe/EN/10.1007/s12200-014-0443-1
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foe/EN/Y2015/V8/I1/73

Fig.1 Scheme of experimental setup. The dielectric mirror 1 (DM1) splits the input optical beam with 50% reflection and 50% transmission. The second harmonic pulse is generated in beta barium borate crystal (BBO) and delayed with a delay line (DL). The wave plates (WP1 and WP2) were used to control the polarization state of the beams, the mirror (M1) reflected second harmonic radiation and transmitted the fundamental radiation, the Glan prism (GP) cleaned the linear polarization of the second harmonic radiation. The dielectric mirror 2 (DM2) recombined the two beams. Lenses (L1 and L2) were used to focus and collimate the optical radiation, the photodiode (PD) detected the intensity of second harmonic radiation. Silicon filter (Si) was used to block the optical radiation and transmit terahertz radiation. The off-axis parabolic mirrors (PM1 and PM2) guided the terahertz beam into the entrance window of a Golay cell detector

Fig.2 Measured intensity of the 2ω radiation polarized orthogonally to the initial 2ω polarization vs angle ψ between electric fields of ω and 2ω pulse at zero delay between pulses (green circles). The solid line shows the dependence of the 2 ω energy at the crossed analyzer in accordance with Eq. (4) (see Section 4). Black squares and red circles show the dependence of W y 2 ω vs the angle ψfor 4.0 and 2.8 ps delay between ωand 2ω pulse (the moments of realignment of N₂ and O₂ molecules respectively).

Fig.3 Energy of y- (a) and x- (b) polarized terahertz radiation vs the angle ψ between electric fields of ω and 2ω pulse. The solid curves show the dependences of the x- and y-polarized terahertz energy in accordance with the Eqs. (7) and (8) (see Section 4)

Fig.4 Polarization of the third harmonic radiation (black squares) as compared with the polarization if the initial ω radiation (red circles) and the linear 2ω polarization direction (blue line). Orange solid line shows the simulated 3ω polarization (Eqs. (10) and (11))

Fig.5 Energy of subsequent terahertz pulses generated by circularly polarized ω beam and linearly polarized 2ω beam in case of no terahertz analyzer (a) and terahertz wire-grid analyzer (b) present in the collimated terahertz beam

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