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Frontiers of Optoelectronics

ISSN 2095-2759

ISSN 2095-2767(Online)

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Front. Optoelectron.    2016, Vol. 9 Issue (2) : 194-205    https://doi.org/10.1007/s12200-016-0623-2
REVIEW ARTICLE
Manipulating optical vortices using integrated photonics
Ning ZHANG1,Kenan CICEK1,Jiangbo ZHU1,Shimao LI2,Huanlu LI3,Marc SOREL3,Xinlun CAI2,*(),Siyuan YU1,2,*()
1. Photonics Group, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, UK
2. State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
3. School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
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Abstract

Optical vortices (OVs) refer to a class of cylindrical optical modes with azimuthally varying phase terms arising either from polarization rotation or from the angular projection of the wave vector that at the quantum level corresponds to photon spin or orbital angular momenta. OVs have attracted the attention of researchers in many areas of optics and photonics, as their potential applications range from optical communications, optical manipulation, imaging, sensing, to quantum information. In recent years, integrated photonics has becomes an effective method of manipulating OVs. In this paper, the theoretical framework and experimental progress of integrated photonics for the manipulation of OVs were reviewed.
Keywords optical vortex      orbital angular momentum      angular grating      micro-ring resonator     
Corresponding Author(s): Xinlun CAI,Siyuan YU   
Just Accepted Date: 22 March 2016   Online First Date: 28 March 2016    Issue Date: 05 April 2016
 Cite this article:   
Ning ZHANG,Kenan CICEK,Jiangbo ZHU, et al. Manipulating optical vortices using integrated photonics[J]. Front. Optoelectron., 2016, 9(2): 194-205.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foe/EN/10.1007/s12200-016-0623-2
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foe/EN/Y2016/V9/I2/194
Fig.1  Considered cylindrical coordinates
Fig.2  Integrated OV beam emitter [32]. (a) Structure of the OV emitter with input bus waveguide not shown for simplicity; (b) radiation spectrum of the OV emitter
Fig.3  Integrated OV beam receiver. (a) Layout of the receiving process; (b) experimental result of the OV beam receiver. An LHCP OV beam incidents the receiver and the received energy is collected at the CW port
Fig.4  Efficiency-optimised OV beam emitter. (a) Structure of the optimised device; (b) radiation spectrum comparison
Fig.5  Efficiency- and near-field-optimised OV beam emitter. (a) Relationship between grating duty ratio and its radiation efficiency; (b) grating duty ratio in the optimised device; (c) near-field intensity distribution comparison
Fig.6  OV beam emitter that can generate superposition OAM states. (a) Concept of superimposed gratings; (b) radiation spectra of OV beams emitted from two- and three-beat gratings emitters
Fig.7  W-shaped OV beam emitter. (a) Schematic figure of the W-shaped emitter; (b) relationship between SMSR and notch angle; (c) measured SMSR from a fabricated device; (d) schematic figure and micrograph of the W-shaped OAM multiplexer
Fig.8  OAM multiplexer. (a) Structure of the multiplexer; (b) radiation spectra of the fundamental and second-order modes from input port CH1 and CH2, respectively
Fig.9  Structure of a VCSEL OV emitter integrated with SPP [49]
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