Silicon-plus photonics

doi:10.1007/s12200-016-0629-9

Front. Optoelectron.

2016, Vol. 9

Issue (3) : 436-449 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12200-016-0629-9

REVIEW ARTICLE

Silicon-plus photonics

Daoxin DAI¹(

),Yanlong YIN¹,Longhai YU¹,Hao WU¹,Di LIANG²,Zhechao WANG³,Liu LIU⁴

¹. Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, State Key Laboratory for Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
². System Research Lab, Hewlett Packard labs, Palo Alto, CA, USA
³. Center for Nano- and Biophotonics (NB-Photonics), Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, Ghent 9000, Belgium
⁴. SCNU-ZJU Joint Research Center of Photonics, Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China

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Abstract

Silicon photonics has become very popular because of their compatibility with mature CMOS technologies. However, pure silicon is still very difficult to be utilized to obtain various photonic functional devices for large-scale photonic integration due to intrinsic properties. Silicon-plus photonics, which pluses other materials to break the limitation of silicon, is playing a very important role currently and in the future. In this paper, we give a review and discussion on the progresses of silicon-plus photonics, including the structures, devices and applications.

Keywords silicon-plus hybrid plsamonic photodetector modulator graphene III-V

Corresponding Author(s): Daoxin DAI

Just Accepted Date: 26 August 2016 Online First Date: 13 September 2016 Issue Date: 28 September 2016

Cite this article:

Daoxin DAI,Yanlong YIN,Longhai YU, et al. Silicon-plus photonics[J]. Front. Optoelectron., 2016, 9(3): 436-449.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/foe/EN/10.1007/s12200-016-0629-9
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foe/EN/Y2016/V9/I3/436

Tab.1 Summary of materials used for silicon-plus photonics

Fig.1 Thermal-optical switch with metal micro-heaters and the array [31]

Fig.2 Cross section of a silicon hybrid nanoplasmonic waveguide with a metal cap; (b) calculated field distribution for the quasi-TM fundamental mode when w_co = 200 nm and h_slot = 50 nm [35]

Fig.3 Configuration of photodetector based on a silicon hybrid plasmonic waveguide (HPW). Inset shows the cross-section of silicon HPW [45]. (a) Schematic configuration; (b) optical mode field distribution; (c) temperature distribution due to the light absorption of metal

Fig.4 (a) Cross section of a Si/IIIV hybrid integrated sample using the adhesive bonding technique; (b) schemetic structure of the present active section; (c) tip end of a fabricated adiabatic taper; (d) fabricated chip where two 6-channel transceivers are present. The total size is 3 mm × 0.65 mm [48]

Fig.5 Eye patterns of 2⁷−1 on-return-to-zero pseudo random bit sequence for (a) modulation and (b) detection of one EA section [48]

Fig.6 (a) 3D schematic of a hybrid Si microring lasers with integrated thermal shunts; (b) top-view scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of such a device where ring laser and bus waveguide are highlighted in red and blue, respectively; (c) temperature-dependent LI characteristic and (d) measured eye diagram at 12.5 Gbps [56,57]

Fig.7 (a) Schematics of an array of InP-on-Si distributed feedback laser (DFB) lasers. Inset: a transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of the grown InP-on-Si waveguide along the longitudinal direction; (b) light in-light out curves of an array of DFB lasers. Inset: photoluminescence image of an array of lasers under large area pump condition [21]

Fig.8 (a) Microscope picture for waveguide-type Ge/Si SACM APDs; (b) an evanescently-coupled Ge/Si APD; (c) a butt-coupled Ge/Si APD [71]

Fig.9 SEM image of graphene-silicon hybrid nanophotonic wires [28]

Fig.10 (a) Three-dimensional schematic illustration of a graphene-silicon hybrid nanophotonic wire; (b) dynamic responses of the output power for TE- and TM- polarization modes with a modulated optical pump locally [28]

Fig.11 A thermally tuning MZI with a non-local traditional metal heater and a graphene transparent flexible heat conductor [88]

Fig.12 A thermally tuning silicon micro-disk with a graphene transparent flexible heat conductor [88]

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