Distributed feedback organic lasing in photonic crystals

doi:10.1007/s12200-019-0942-1

Front. Optoelectron.

2020, Vol. 13

Issue (1) : 18-34 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12200-019-0942-1

REVIEW ARTICLE

Distributed feedback organic lasing in photonic crystals

Yulan FU, Tianrui ZHAI(

)

Institute of Information Photonics Technology, College of Applied Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China

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Abstract

Considerable research efforts have been devoted to the investigation of distributed feedback (DFB) organic lasing in photonic crystals in recent decades. It is still a big challenge to realize DFB lasing in complex photonic crystals. This review discusses the recent progress on the DFB organic laser based on one-, two-, and three-dimensional photonic crystals. The photophysics of gain materials and the fabrication of laser cavities are also introduced. At last, future development trends of the lasers are prospected.

Keywords photonic crystals microcavity lasers distributed feedback (DFB)

Corresponding Author(s): Tianrui ZHAI

Just Accepted Date: 11 September 2019 Online First Date: 07 November 2019 Issue Date: 03 April 2020

Cite this article:

Yulan FU,Tianrui ZHAI. Distributed feedback organic lasing in photonic crystals[J]. Front. Optoelectron., 2020, 13(1): 18-34.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/foe/EN/10.1007/s12200-019-0942-1
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foe/EN/Y2020/V13/I1/18

Fig.3 Absorption and PL spectra of (a) blue QDs, (b) green QDs, and (c) red QDs

Fig.4 Schematics of various cavity types. (a) FP cavity; (b) WGM cavity; (c) DBR cavity; (d) DFB cavity

Fig.5 Photonic crystals for DFB cavities. (a) 1D gratings; (b) 2D periodic structure; (c) 3D periodic structure; (d) Fibonacci quasi-crystals; (e) 2D quasi-crystals; (f) 3D quasi-crystals; (g) Chirped gratings; (h) 2D gradual periodic structure; (i) 3D random structure

Fig.7 (a) Schematic of DFB lasers; (b) reduced multi-layered model. L is the grating period; d is the thickness of air; t is the grating depth; h is the gain waveguide thickness. The red curve indicates the mode profile

Fig.8 Schematic of DFB lasers with different configurations. (a) Gain/cavity/substrate; (b) cavity/gain/substrate; (c) active cavity/substrate

Fig.9 (a) Illustration of the experimental setup and formation mechanism of the pattern of a 3^rd order DFB polymer laser; the purple spots shown in the right photograph are the reflection and diffraction of the pumping laser; (b) 2^nd order laser pattern; (c) 3^rd order laser pattern; (d) 4^th order laser pattern. Reproduced with permission [¹²³]. Copyright 2019, MDPI

Fig.10 (a) Schematic of organic vortex laser arrays based on spiral gratings. SEM images of the center of the (b) one-arm spiral, (c) two-arm spiral, and (d) three-arm spiral gratings. Beam profiles recorded for the beams generated using (e) circular, (f) one-arm, (g) two-arm, and (h) three-arm spiral gratings. Reproduced with permission [¹²²]. Copyright 2018, ACS Publishing

Fig.11 (a) 7-beam configuration for the icosahedral quasicrystal. The upper inset denotes an icosahedral quasicrystal lattice; (b) actual 7-beam arrangement using a truncated pentagonal pyramid; (c) icosahedral quasicrystal lasing pattern projected on the back side of the glass substrate (see lower inset). DCG is the abbreviation of the dichromate gelatin emulsions; (d) higher resolution projection of the icosahedral quasicrystal lasing for inner region. The lines are guides to the eyes. Reproduced with permission [¹⁸³]. Copyright 2009, OSA Publishing

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