Toward coherent O-band data center interconnects

doi:10.1007/s12200-021-1242-0

Front. Optoelectron.

2021, Vol. 14

Issue (4) : 414-425 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12200-021-1242-0

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Toward coherent O-band data center interconnects

Pascal M. SEILER^1,²(

), Galina GEORGIEVA³, Georg WINZER², Anna PECZEK⁴, Karsten VOIGT^1,², Stefan LISCHKE², Adel FATEMI², Lars ZIMMERMANN^1,²

¹. Technische Universität Berlin, Chair of Siliziumphotonik, Berlin 10623, Germany
². IHP – Leibniz-Institut für innovative Mikroelektronik, Frankfurt (Oder) 15236, Germany
³. Technische Universität Berlin, Chair of Hochfrequenztechnik-Photonik, Berlin 10623, Germany
⁴. IHP Solutions GmbH, Frankfurt (Oder) 15236, Germany

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Abstract

Upcoming generations of coherent intra/inter data center interconnects currently lack a clear path toward a reduction of cost and power consumption, which are the driving factors for these data links. In this work, the trade-offs associated with a transition from coherent C-band to O-band silicon photonics are addressed and evaluated. The discussion includes the fundamental components of coherent data links, namely the optical components, fiber link and transceivers. As a major component of these links, a monolithic silicon photonic BiCMOS O-band coherent receiver is evaluated for its potential performance and compared to an analogous C-band device.

Keywords coherent communication data center O-band silicon photonics

Corresponding Author(s): Pascal M. SEILER

Just Accepted Date: 09 September 2021 Online First Date: 26 October 2021 Issue Date: 06 December 2021

Cite this article:

Pascal M. SEILER,Galina GEORGIEVA,Georg WINZER, et al. Toward coherent O-band data center interconnects[J]. Front. Optoelectron., 2021, 14(4): 414-425.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/foe/EN/10.1007/s12200-021-1242-0
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foe/EN/Y2021/V14/I4/414

Fig.1 (a) Waveguide geometry of a rib waveguide in 220 nm thick silicon-on-insulator (SOI) on a 2 µm SiO₂ box. (b) Wafer distribution of the linear loss in the O-band for a rib waveguide. The black markers indicate invalid measurements. BEOL: back end of line. The red dashed box indicates the area for the nonlinear effective area calculation

Fig.2 Coupling efficiencies for (a) C-band, (b) O-band 1D and 2D grating couplers (GRCs). The structures have been fabricated without a BEOL process. (c) Schematics of the measured structures

Fig.3 (a) Differential multi-mode interference (MMI) imbalance. (b) MMI phase error relative to output 1. The dashed lines in (a) and (b) account for typical fabrication tolerances. (c) Schematic of the MMI. i: input; o: output

Fig.4 Simulated filter (a) complexity and (b) power consumption of CD compensation for different symbol rates and wavelengths at a targeted link distance of 20 km. Only one link distance is investigated due to the symbol rate being the dominant factor in the filter complexity

variable	value
modulation format	DP-QAM-16
nominal ADC resolution $n adc$	4 [43]
DSP resolution	$n adc$ + 2 [40]
oversampling factor $n os$	1.25 [43]
fiber length	20 km
wavelength $λ$	1260 nm	1310 nm	1550 nm
fiber dispersion coefficient $D$	−5 $ps / (nm ? km)$ ^a)	−0.7 $ps / (nm ? km)$ ^a)	17 $ps / (nm ? km)$
CMOS process technology feature size	7 nm
CMOS supply voltage	0.8 V [40]

Tab.1 CD compensation simulation parameters

Fig.5 (a) Intradyne setup for back-to-back and transmission experiment. A local oscillator power of

≈

+12 dBm has been maintained. (b) Bit error rate (BER) vs. optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) for measured 56 GBd QPSK (B2B) using a dedicated O- and C-band receiver and in theory. Also shown is the BER vs. OSNR for 48 GBd QPSK using the O-band receiver and in theory. (c) BER vs. received optical power for 56 GBd QPSK at different link distances using an O-band receiver. The margins indicate the total remaining power budget. ECL: external cavity laser; PC: polarization controller; IQ Mod: IQ modulator; AWG: arbitrary waveform generator; VOA: variable optical attenuator; SMF: single mode fiber; OSA: optical spectrum analyzer; RTO: real time oscilloscope

Tab.2 O- and C-band loss per component

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