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Front. Optoelectron.    2023, Vol. 16 Issue (3) : 18    https://doi.org/10.1007/s12200-023-00073-4
REVIEW ARTICLE
χ(2) nonlinear photonics in integrated microresonators
Pengfei Liu1, Hao Wen1, Linhao Ren1, Lei Shi1,2(), Xinliang Zhang1,2
1. Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
2. Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan 430074, China
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Abstract

Second-order (χ(2)) optical nonlinearity is one of the most common mechanisms for modulating and generating coherent light in photonic devices. Due to strong photon confinement and long photon lifetime, integrated microresonators have emerged as an ideal platform for investigation of nonlinear optical effects. However, existing silicon-based materials lack a χ(2) response due to their centrosymmetric structures. A variety of novel material platforms possessing χ(2) nonlinearity have been developed over the past two decades. This review comprehensively summarizes the progress of second-order nonlinear optical effects in integrated microresonators. First, the basic principles of χ(2) nonlinear effects are introduced. Afterward, we highlight the commonly used χ(2) nonlinear optical materials, including their material properties and respective functional devices. We also discuss the prospects and challenges of utilizing χ(2) nonlinearity in the field of integrated microcavity photonics.
Keywords Second-order nonlinearity      Integrated microresonators      Frequency conversion      Electro-optic effect     
Corresponding Author(s): Lei Shi   
About author: Peng Lei and Charity Ngina Mwangi contributed equally to this work.
Issue Date: 26 October 2023
 Cite this article:   
Pengfei Liu,Hao Wen,Linhao Ren, et al. χ(2) nonlinear photonics in integrated microresonators[J]. Front. Optoelectron., 2023, 16(3): 18.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foe/EN/10.1007/s12200-023-00073-4
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foe/EN/Y2023/V16/I3/18
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