Laboratory study on the formation of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> inclusions at the on-set of deoxidation and during reoxidation

doi:10.1007/s11706-011-0116-6

Front Mater Sci

2011, Vol. 5

Issue (1) : 69-76 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11706-011-0116-6

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Laboratory study on the formation of Al₂O₃ inclusions at the on-set of deoxidation and during reoxidation

Marie-Aline VAN ENDE^1,2, Muxing GUO¹, Bart BLANPAIN¹(

), Patrick WOLLANTS¹

1. Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44- bus 2450, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium; 2. Unité d’Ingénierie des Matériaux et des Procédés, Université Catholique de Louvain, Place Sainte Barbe 2, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

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Abstract

The formation of Al₂O₃ inclusions in liquid iron has been investigated in a resistance heated tube furnace to obtain deoxidation and reoxidation related data. The formation of inclusions during the early stages of deoxidation was simulated by bringing a piece of Al in contact for a short time with liquid Fe containing different dissolved oxygen levels. Reoxidation was studied by exposing Al containing Fe melts to a CO/CO₂ atmosphere. Through modeling, an estimate of the local and time-dependent growth conditions for the inclusions can be made and linked to the inclusion characteristics.

Keywords steel cleanliness Al₂O₃ inclusions deoxidation reoxidation morphology

Corresponding Author(s): BLANPAIN Bart,Email:Bart.Blanpain@mtm.kuleuven.be

Issue Date: 05 March 2011

Cite this article:

Marie-Aline VAN ENDE,Muxing GUO,Bart BLANPAIN, et al. Laboratory study on the formation of Al₂O₃ inclusions at the on-set of deoxidation and during reoxidation[J]. Front Mater Sci, 2011, 5(1): 69-76.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/10.1007/s11706-011-0116-6
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/Y2011/V5/I1/69

Tab.1 Experimental conditions for the deoxidation tests

Tab.2 Experimental conditions for the reoxidation tests

Fig.1 Schematic illustration of the mass transport of Fe, O, and Al between Fe and Fe-Al interdiffusion region after melting of the shell (directions of diffusion are indicated by arrows). AlO inclusions are formed where O and Al meet, creating a precipitation front. BSE micrograph of interfacial area in sample 4, showing the “precipitate-free” free zone (delimited by the dotted lines) separating α-Fe containing FeO from a region with both Al and Fe containing AlO inclusions.

Fig.2 Evolution of AlO inclusion morphologies after extraction: angular inclusions are dominant at low initial O content (sample 2, 450 ppm), small spherical inclusions increase in number and dendritic shaped inclusions are found with increasing initial O content (sample 3, 780 ppm).

Fig.3 Overview of AlO inclusion morphologies after extraction: aggregates of fine inclusions and individual inclusion in sample 4; aggregate of spherical inclusion from sample 6; angular AlO inclusion with traces of Si and Fe from sample 4.

Fig.4 Evolution of the Al content in the melt and inclusion morphologies (after extraction) as function of applied during 30 min. The experimental values (test 1, plain markers) are compared with thermodynamic predictions (continuous line).

Fig.5 Evolution of the Al content in the Fe-Al alloy at the bottom of the crucible ( = ) as a function of holding time for tests 2 and 3. The experimental data (solid markers) are compared with numerical predictions (open markers connected by dashed line). Mapping of inclusion size, as determined by SEM-AIA measurements on the final sample cross-section of test 3. The markers indicate the position of the inclusion relative to the sample surface, while the marker shape and color correspond to the size class. The horizontal lines show the separation between areas in the sample according to inclusion frequency. SEM pictures of the inclusions are provided for regions I and III.

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