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Frontiers of Materials Science

ISSN 2095-025X

ISSN 2095-0268(Online)

CN 11-5985/TB

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Front. Mater. Sci.    2015, Vol. 9 Issue (2) : 132-140    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11706-015-0281-0
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Conductivity enhancement by controlled percolation of inorganic salt in multiphase hexanoyl chitosan/polystyrene polymer blends
Tan WINIE(),Nur Syuhada MOHD SHAHRIL
Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia
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Abstract

Hexanoyl chitosan and polystyrene blends are immiscible by the elucidation of the glass transition temperature (Tg) as well as the viscometric and morphological analyses. Selective localization of the lithium salt in hexanoyl chitosan phase as the percolation pathway enhanced the conductivity in the blends as compared to the neat hexanoyl chitosan. The ionic conductivity of a polymer electrolyte is described by σ = enμ. Thus, estimation of charge carrier density (n) and mobility (μ) is important in order to assess the performance. In this work, these parameters are calculated using impedance spectroscopy and FTIR.
Keywords hexanoyl chitosan      polystyrene      polymer electrolyte      conductivity      percolation pathway     
Corresponding Author(s): Tan WINIE   
Online First Date: 24 April 2015    Issue Date: 23 July 2015
 Cite this article:   
Tan WINIE,Nur Syuhada MOHD SHAHRIL. Conductivity enhancement by controlled percolation of inorganic salt in multiphase hexanoyl chitosan/polystyrene polymer blends[J]. Front. Mater. Sci., 2015, 9(2): 132-140.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/10.1007/s11706-015-0281-0
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/Y2015/V9/I2/132
Fig.1  Nyquist plot for a parallel combination of a resistor and a CPE that are connected in series with another CPE.
Fig.2  The variation of room temperature conductivity as a function of mass fraction of polystyrene, WPS at fixed amount of salt.
Fig.3  Polar optical microscope images of (a) neat hexanoyl chitosan, (b) neat polystyrene, and hexanoyl chitosan/polystyrene blends at (c) 90:10, (d) 80:20, (e) 70:30, (f) 60:40 and (g) 50:50.
Fig.4  Room temperature conductivity performance for hexanoyl chitosan/polystyrene blends (80:20) (a) and neat hexanoyl chitosan (b).
Fig.5  Glass transition temperature as a function of mass fraction of lithium in neat polymers and their blends. Dotted line represents the linear regression curve after Eq. (12).
WLi Hexanoyl chitosan Polystyrene W Li H-Chi Δ W Li H-Chi
WH-Chi Tg /oC WPS Tg /oC
0.00 0.800 -34 0.200 102 - 0.000
0.03 0.776 -33 0.194 102 0.122 0.092
0.05 0.760 -32 0.190 102 0.143 0.093
0.07 0.744 -30 0.186 102 0.184 0.114
0.12 0.704 -29 0.176 102 0.204 0.084
0.15 0.680 -27 0.170 102 0.245 0.095
0.20 0.640 -25 0.160 102 0.286 0.086
Tab.1  The Tg, mass fraction of lithium (WLi), mass fraction of hexanoyl chitosan (WH-Chi), mass fraction of polystyrene (WPS), mass fraction of lithium in hexanoyl chitosan phase ( W Li H-Chi ) and the increase of lithium concentration in hexanoyl chitosan in the blend ( Δ W Li H-Chi ) for the hexanoyl chitosan/polystyrene blends at 80:20
Fig.6  Nyquist plot and the corresponding fitted line for hexanoyl chitosan/polystyrene blends (80:20) with WLi = 0.20.
Fig.7  Frequency dependence of dielectric constant, ?r for hexanoyl chitosan/polystyrene blends (80:20)-LiCF3SO3 electrolyte system.
WLi ?r (at 800 kHz) Q2 /F-1 τ2 /s-1 D /(cm2·s-1) μ /(cm2·V-1·s-1) n /cm-3
0.03 2.37 6.00×10-3 3.06×10-13 2.46×10-9 9.44×10-8 5.05×1015
0.05 2.56 5.10×10-5 6.37×10-9 1.91×10-9 7.32×10-8 5.65×1015
0.07 2.70 4.00×10-7 6.37×10-4 3.46×10-10 1.32×10-8 9.77×1016
0.12 3.31 3.00×10-7 1.06×10-3 5.54×10-10 2.12×10-8 1.31×1018
0.15 5.60 4.00×10-7 4.55×10-4 2.08×10-9 7.98×10-8 1.53×1018
0.20 8.67 1.10×10-6 1.59×10-5 1.89×10-8 7.23×10-7 9.53×1018
Tab.2  The values of ?r, Q2, τ2, D, μ and n obtained from the impedance spectroscopy method for the hexanoyl chitosan/polystyrene blends (80:20)–LiCF3SO3 electrolyte system
Fig.8  Plots of the charge carrier (a) number density, (b) mobility and (c) diffusion coefficient as a function of the salt content.
WLi ?f /%a) VT /cm3 n /cm-3 μ /(cm2·V-1·s-1) D /(cm2·s-1)
0.03 29 0.574 2.93×1017 1.63×10-9 4.25×10-11
0.05 29 0.579 5.02×1016 8.24×10-9 2.15×10-10
0.07 31 0.585 7.57×1016 1.71×10-8 4.47×10-10
0.12 32 0.601 1.08×1018 2.59×10-8 6.75×10-10
0.15 34 0.612 1.99×1018 6.14×10-8 1.60×10-9
0.20 54 0.631 1.55×1019 4.44×10-7 1.16×10-8
Tab.3  The values of ?f, VT, n, μ and D obtained from the FTIR method for the hexanoyl chitosan/polystyrene blends (80:20)–LiCF3SO3 electrolyte system
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