The beginnings of plasmomechanics: towards plasmonic strain sensors

doi:10.1007/s11706-015-0290-z

Front. Mater. Sci.

2015, Vol. 9

Issue (2) : 170-177 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11706-015-0290-z

RESEARCH ARTICLE

The beginnings of plasmomechanics: towards plasmonic strain sensors

Thomas MAURER^1,^*(

),Joseph MARAE-DJOUDA^1,^2,³,Ugo CATALDI^6,⁷,Arthur GONTIER¹,Guillaume MONTAY²,Yazid MADI^3,⁴,Benoît PANICAUD²,Demetrio MACIAS¹,Pierre-Michel ADAM¹,Gaëtan LÉVÊQUE⁵,Thomas BÜRGI⁶,Roberto CAPUTO^1,⁷

1. Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Instrumentation in Optics (LNIO), ICD CNRS UMR 6281, University of Technology of Troyes, CS 42060, 10004 Troyes, France
2. The Laboratory of Mechanical Systems and Concurrent Engineering, ICD CNRS UMR 6281, University of Technology of Troyes, CS 42060, 10004 Troyes, France
3. Ermess, EPF, Sceaux, France
4. Center of Materials, Mines ParisTech, UMR CNRS 7633, BP 87, 91003 Evry Cedex, France
5. Institute of Electronics, Microelectronics and Nanotechnology (IEMN, CNRS-8520), Cité Scientifique, Avenue Poincaré, 59652 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
6. Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
7. Department of Physics and CNR-NANOTEC, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy

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Abstract

This article exposes the beginnings of a new field which could be named as “plasmomechanics”. Plasmomechanics comes from the convergence between mechanics and plasmonics. Here we discuss a relatively recent topic whose technological aim is the development of plasmonic strain sensors. The idea is based on the ability to deduce Au nanoparticles (NPs) distance distributions from polarized optical extinction spectroscopy which could thus give access to material strains. Variations of interparticle distances distributions can indeed lead to variations of plasmonic coupling and thus to material color change as shown here experimentally and numerically for random Au NP assemblies deposited onto elastomer films.

Keywords localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) metallic nanoparticle strain composite material elastomeric film

Corresponding Author(s): Thomas MAURER

Issue Date: 23 July 2015

Cite this article:

Thomas MAURER,Joseph MARAE-DJOUDA,Ugo CATALDI, et al. The beginnings of plasmomechanics: towards plasmonic strain sensors[J]. Front. Mater. Sci., 2015, 9(2): 170-177.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/10.1007/s11706-015-0290-z
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/Y2015/V9/I2/170

Fig.1 Presentation of the different steps of the method: (a) First, Au NP gratings are deposited onto the specimen and SEM image is recorded allowing to evidence grains and RBG; (b) During the tensile test, (c) SEM images are recorded for different values of the load (d) allowing deducing the displacement field from the NP positions at each load and thus mechanical fields like ?_xx strain tensor component can be represented.

Fig.2 Comparison of the strain–stress evolutions at macroscopic and microscopic scales for (a) grains and (b) grain interfaces. The ?_xx values in the RBGs achieve values as high as ten times the macroscopic values compared to three times for grains.

Fig.3 (a) Sketch of the experimental setup used to perform a tensile test on a PDMS tape coated with a single layer of Au NPs. By stretching the tape, the average distance between NPs becomes larger in the stretching direction and shorter in the perpendicular one. Stretching of the tape is accompanied by a remarkable change of colour from (b) purple-red to (c) blue-violet. Images were acquired with a polarizer, mounted to a camera, with direction of polarization perpendicular to the applied strain. (Reproduced with permission from Ref. [19], Copyright 2014 Royal Society of Chemistry)

Fig.4 SEM micrographs of the Au NP coated PDMS substrate, taken (a) before and (b) after twelve growth cycles. (c) Extinction spectra of the sample coated with Au NPs (after twelve cycles of growth) acquired while increasing the applied strain from 0% to 20.8%. The sample has been excited with ^-polarized light. (d) Extinction spectra of the same sample acquired by exciting it with //-polarized light while increasing the applied strain from 0% to 20.8%. (Reproduced with permission from Ref. [19], Copyright 2014 Royal Society of Chemistry)

Fig.5 Fitting (dashed curves) of some of the experimental (full lines) extinction spectra presented in Fig. 4. The experimental extinction spectra are fitted with two Lorentzian functions. The parameters of the two Lorentzian functions are provided in Table 1.

Tab.1 Parameters of the two Lorentzian functions involved for fitting the experimental extinction spectra (see Fig. 5)

Fig.6 Numerical extinction spectra for NP dimers in air with interparticle separation s, computed with the generalized Mie method. Longitudinal and transversal polarizations have been averaged. The NP diameter is set to 30 nm.

Fig.7 Distribution of the surface charges at the time of maximum amplitude, for (a) the long-wavelength and (b) the short wavelength modes obtained using the Green’s tensor method for s = 0.6 nm. It evidences the dipolar nature of the large wavelength mode and the localization of the low wavelength mode in the dimer gap.

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