On intergranular mechanical interactions and the theory of deformation crystallography of metals

doi:10.1007/s11706-021-0545-9

Front. Mater. Sci.

2021, Vol. 15

Issue (2) : 192-201 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11706-021-0545-9

REVIEW ARTICLE

On intergranular mechanical interactions and the theory of deformation crystallography of metals

Weimin MAO^1,²(

)

¹. School of Materials and Metallurgy, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Arding Street 7, Baotou 014010, China
². Department of Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xue-Yuan Road 30, Beijing 100083, China

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Abstract

The equilibrium of intergranular stress and strain can be realized simultaneously, whereas five independent slip systems of the Taylor principle and the criterion of minimal internal work are unnecessary. In fact, the Taylor principle applied in current theories is incorrect both in practice and theory, in which the activation mechanism of plastic deformation systems must violate the Schmid’s law and deviate from the elastic–plastic characteristics of deformed matrix. The intergranular reaction stress (RS) during deformation can be calculated according to Hooke’s law and elastic limit without additional subjective presupposition, therefore the RS theory is established intuitively. Under the combination of the RS (the intergranular elastic effect) and the external loading the slips penetrating grains are activated and produce deformation texture, but certain non-penetrating slips near grain boundaries will become active (the intergranular plastic effect) and produce some random texture when a RS reaches the yield strength of grains. The RS theory is simple, intuitive and reasonable, based on which the texture simulation can well reproduce the texture formation of various metals under different external loadings and under different crystallographic mechanisms.

Keywords deformation crystallography plastic strain stress equilibrium Taylor principle reaction stress texture simulation

Corresponding Author(s): Weimin MAO

Online First Date: 22 April 2021 Issue Date: 08 June 2021

Cite this article:

Weimin MAO. On intergranular mechanical interactions and the theory of deformation crystallography of metals[J]. Front. Mater. Sci., 2021, 15(2): 192-201.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/10.1007/s11706-021-0545-9
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/Y2021/V15/I2/192

Fig.1 Comparison of grain strains in a 18% cold compressed interstitial free steel between experimental observation and prescription of the Taylor principle: (a) before and (b) after compression, as well as (c)(d) corresponding grain shapes (dot lines indicate grain shapes prescribed by Taylor principle, white arrow indicates the compression direction). Reproduced with permission from Ref. [6].

Fig.2 Comparison of grain strains in a 12.5% cold rolled commercial purity aluminum between experimental observation and prescription of the Taylor principle: (a) before and (b) after rolling, as well as (c)(d) corresponding grain shapes (dot lines indicate grain shapes prescribed by Taylor principle). Reproduced with permission from Ref. [7].

Fig.3 Comparison of grain strains in a 9% cold rolled commercial purity titanium between experimental observation and prescription of the Taylor principle: (a) before and (b) after rolling, as well as (c)(d) corresponding grain shapes (dot lines indicate grain shapes prescribed by Taylor principle).

Fig.4 Texture (ODF ?2 sections) of 95% rolled pure Al sheet simulated (a) based on the Taylor theory or (b) under rigid intergranular RSs.

Fig.5 Influence of ECs α_ij of the RSs on the stability of texture components in 95% rolled pure Al based on RS simulations (ODF levels: 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160): (a)φ₂ = 45° sections; (b)φ₂ = 65° sections (dashed lines indicate φ₁ position of S texture).

Fig.6 ODF sections of 95% rolled aluminum simulated based on the RS model at different ECs α₂₃ and α₃₁ with α₁₂≡ 0.4: (a)φ₂ = 45° sections; (b)φ₂ = 65° sections (data in the sections are the maximal ODF values of the sections; dashed lines in (b) indicate φ₁ position of S texture; density levels of the ODFs: 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80).

Fig.7 ODF sections of 95% rolled aluminum simulated based on the RS model at different ECs α₂₃ and α₃₁ with α₁₂≡ 1: (a)φ₂ = 45° sections; (b)φ₂ = 65° sections (data in the sections are the maximal ODF values of the sections; dashed lines in (b) indicate φ₁ position of S texture; density levels of the ODFs: 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80).

Fig.8 Texture of pure Al sheet 87% rolled by 3 large pass reductions and the corresponding RS simulations (ODF ϕ₂ = 45° sections, levels: 2, 4, 8, 16): (a) centre, measured; (b) surface, measured; (c) centre, simulated; (d) surface, simulated. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [13].

Fig.9 Textures of differently rolled steel sheets and corresponding RS simulations (ODF ϕ₂ = 45° sections, levels: 2, 4, 7, 12, 20): (a) low carbon steel, measured; (b) low carbon steel, simulated; (c) austenite stainless steel, measured; (d) austenite stainless steel, simulated. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [14].

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[1]	Weimin MAO. The currently predominant Taylor principles should be disregarded in the study of plastic deformation of metals[J]. Front. Mater. Sci., 2018, 12(3): 322-326.
[2]	Weimin MAO. On the Taylor principles for plastic deformation of polycrystalline metals[J]. Front. Mater. Sci., 2016, 10(4): 335-345.
[3]	Hong-yuan FANG, Xue-qiu ZHANG, Jian-guo YANG, Xue-song LIU, Shen QU. Discussion and calculation on welding residual longitudinal stress and plastic strain by finite element method[J]. Front Mater Sci Chin, 2009, 3(1): 75-77.

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