Most studies on the magnetic Aharonov–Bohm (A–B) effect focus on the action exerted by the magnetic flux on the electron beam, but neglect the back-action exerted by the electron beam on the magnetic flux. This paper focuses on the latter, which is the electromotive force ΔU across the solenoid induced by the time-dependent magnetic field of the electron beam. Based on the backaction analysis, we observe that the magnetic A–B effect arises owing to the interaction energy between the magnetic field of the electron beam and the magnetic field of the solenoid. We also demonstrate that the interpretation attributing the magnetic A–B effect to the vector potential violates the uncertainty principle.
. [J]. Frontiers of Physics, 2015, 10(3): 100305.
Wang Rui-Feng(王瑞峰). A possible interplay between electron beams and magnetic fluxes in the Aharonov–Bohm effect. Front. Phys. , 2015, 10(3): 100305.
P. A. M. Dirac, The Principles of Quantum Mechanics, Oxford University Press, 1958
2
L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, Quantum Mechanics (Nonrelativistic Theory), Beijing World Publishing Corporation, 1999
3
Y. Aharonov and D. Bohm, Significance of electromagnetic potentials in the quantum theory, Phys. Rev. 115(3), 485 (1959)
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.115.485
4
R. G. Chambers, Shift of an electron interference pattern by enclosed magnetic flux, Phys. Rev. Lett. 5(1), 3 (1960)
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.5.3
5
A. Tonomura, N. Osakabe, T. Matsuda, T. Kawasaki, J. Endo, S. Yano, and H. Yamada, Evidence for Aharonov–Bohm effect with magnetic field completely shielded from electron wave, Phys. Rev. Lett. 56(8), 792 (1986)
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.56.792
6
Y. Aharonov and D. Bohm, Further considerations on electromagnetic potentials in the quantum theory, Phys. Rev. 123(4), 1511 (1961)
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.123.1511
H. Erlichson, Aharonov–Bohm effect — Quantum effects on charged particles in field-free regions, Am. J. Phys. 38(2), 162 (1970)
https://doi.org/10.1119/1.1976266
M. Tinkham, Introduction to Superconductivity, New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1996
20
Deaver and W. M. Fairbank, Experimental evidence for quantized flux in superconducting cylinders, Phys. Rev. Lett. 7(2), 43 (1961)
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.7.43
21
N. Byers and C. N. Yang, Theoretical considerations concerning quantized magnetic flux in superconducting cylinders, Phys. Rev. Lett. 7(2), 46 1961)
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.7.46
22
A. Tonomura, Direct observation of thitherto unobservable quantum phenomena by using electrons, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102(42), 14952 (2005)
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0504720102
M. A. Biondi, A. T. Forrester, M. P. Garfunkel, and C. B. Satterthwaite, Experimental evidence for an energy gap in superconductors, Rev. Mod. Phys. 30, 1109 (1958)
https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.30.1109
26
W. H. Louisell, Quantum Statistical Properties of Radiation, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1990