Thermal spin transfer torque in Fe|Ag|YIG multilayers
Hui-Min Tang1, Xing-Tao Jia2(), Shi-Zhuo Wang1
1. 1Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China 2. 2School of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
We investigated the thermal spin transfer effect in FM|NM|YIG multilayers using the first principles scattering theory. At room temperature, the spin Seebeck torque TSSE~1.0 μJ/(K·m2) in an Ag|Fe|Ag|YIG multilayer, which is around 40% larger than that estimated from mixing conductance. The quantum effects such as interlayer exchange coupling between FM and YIG could be responsible for the enhancements. Based on the LLG equation, we predict that a temperature bias of ~10 K can reverse the magnetic configurations, circularly, in a multilayer at room temperature.
E.Padrón-Hernández, A.Azevedo, and S. M.Rezende, Amplification of spin waves by thermal spin-transfer torque, Phys. Rev. Lett.107(19), 197203 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.197203
16
M. B.Jungfleisch, T.An, K.Ando, Y.Kajiwara, K.Uchida, V. I.Vasyuchka, A. V.Chumak, A. A.Serga, E.Saitoh, and B.Hillebrands, Heat-induced damping modification in yttrium iron garnet/platinum heterostructures, Appl. Phys. Lett.102(6), 062417 (2013) https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4792701
17
L.Lu, Y.Sun, M.Jantz, and M.Wu, Control of ferromagnetic relaxation in magnetic thin films through thermally induced interfacial spin transfer, Phys. Rev. Lett.108(25), 257202 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.257202
18
S. A.Bender and Y.Tserkovnyak, Thermally driven spin torques in layered magnetic insulators, Phys. Rev. B93(6), 064418 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.93.064418
19
X.Jia, S.Wang, and M. H.Qin, Enhanced thermal spin transfer in MgO-based double-barrier tunnel junctions, New J. Phys.18(6), 063012 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/18/6/063012
20
M.Weiler, M.Althammer, M.Schreier, J.Lotze, M.Pernpeintner, S.Meyer, H.Huebl, R.Gross, A.Kamra, J.Xiao, Y. T.Chen, H.Jiao, G. E. W.Bauer, and S. T. B.Goennenwein, Experimental test of the spin mixing interface conductivity concept, Phys. Rev. Lett.111(17), 176601 (2013) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.176601
21
A.Pushp, T.Phung, C. T.Rettner, B.Hughes, S.Yang, and S. S. P.Parkin, Giant thermal spin-torque assisted magnetic tunnel junction switching, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA112(21), 6585 (2015) https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1507084112
22
P.Ogrodnik, G. E. W.Bauer, and K.Xia, Thermally induced dynamics in ultrathin magnetic tunnel junctions, Phys. Rev. B88(2), 024406 (2013) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.88.024406
23
D.Tian, Y.Li, D.Qu, X.Jin, and C. L.Chien, Separation of spin Seebeck effect and anomalous Nernst effect in Co/Cu/YIG, Appl. Phys. Lett.106(21), 212407 (2015) https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4921927
24
Y.Kajiwara, K.Harii, S.Takahashi, J.Ohe, K.Uchida, M.Mizuguchi, H.Umezawa, H.Kawai, K.Ando, K.Takanashi, S.Maekawa, and E.Saitoh, Transmission of electrical signals by spin-wave interconversion in a magnetic insulator, Nature464(7286), 262 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08876
25
K.Uchida, J.Xiao, H.Adachi, J.Ohe, S.Takahashi, J.Ieda, T.Ota, Y.Kajiwara, H.Umezawa, H.Kawai, G. E. W.Bauer, S.Maekawa, and E.Saitoh, Spin Seebeck insulator, Nat. Mater.9(11), 894 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2856
M.Hatami, G. E. W.Bauer, Q.Zhang, and P. J.Kelly, Thermal spin-transfer torque in magnetoelectronic devices, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99(6), 066603 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.066603
M.Hatami, G. E. W.Bauer, Q.Zhang, and P. J.Kelly, Thermoelectric effects in magnetic nanostructures, Phys. Rev. B79(17), 174426 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.79.174426
5
J.Xiao, G. E. W.Bauer, K. C.Uchida, E.Saitoh, and S.Maekawa, Theory of magnon-driven spin Seebeck effect, Phys. Rev. B81(21), 214418 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.81.214418
6
Z.Yuan, S.Wang, and K.Xia, Thermal spin-transfer torques on magnetic domain walls, Solid State Commun. 150(11–12), 548 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssc.2009.09.034
G. E. W.Bauer, S.Bretzel, A.Brataas, and Y.Tserkovnyak, Nanoscale magnetic heat pumps and engines, Phys. Rev. B81(2), 024427 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.81.024427
X.Jia and K.Xia, Thermal electric effects in Fe-GaAs- Fe tunnel junctions, AIP Adv. 2(4), 041411 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4773464
12
S. Z.Wang, K.Xia, and G. E. W.Bauer, Thermoelectricity and disorder of FeCo/MgO/FeCo magnetic tunnel junctions, Phys. Rev. B90(22), 224406 (2014) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.90.224406
C. W.Sandweg, Y.Kajiwara, A. V.Chumak, A. A.Serga, V. I.Vasyuchka, M. B.Jungfleisch, E.Saitoh, and B.Hillebrands, Spin pumping by parametrically excited exchange magnons, Phys. Rev. Lett.106(21), 216601 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.216601
27
B.Heinrich, C.Burrowes, E.Montoya, B.Kardasz, E.Girt, Y. Y.Song, Y.Sun, and M. Z.Wu, Spin pumping at the magnetic insulator (YIG)/normal metal (Au) interfaces, Phys. Rev. Lett.107(6), 066604 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.066604
28
H.Kurebayashi, O.Dzyapko, V. E.Demidov, D.Fang, A. J.Ferguson, and S. O.Demokritov, Controlled enhancement of spin-current emission by three-magnon splitting, Nat. Mater.10(9), 660 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3053
29
E.Padrón-Hernández, A.Azevedo, and S. M.Rezende, Amplification of spin waves by thermal spin-transfer torque, Phys. Rev. Lett.107(19), 197203 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.197203
30
V.Castel, N.Vlietstra, J.Ben Youssef, and B. J.van Wees, Platinum thickness dependence of the inverse spin-Hall voltage from spin pumping in a hybrid yttrium iron garnet/platinum system, Appl. Phys. Lett.101(13), 132414 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4754837
31
S. Y.Huang, X.Fan, D.Qu, Y. P.Chen, W. G.Wang, J.Wu, T. Y.Chen, J. Q.Xiao, and C. L.Chien, Transport magnetic proximity effects in platinum, Phys. Rev. Lett. 109(10), 107204 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.107204
32
H.Nakayama, M.Althammer, Y. T.Chen, K.Uchida, Y.Kajiwara, D.Kikuchi, T.Ohtani, S.Geprägs, M.Opel, S.Takahashi, R.Gross, G. E. W.Bauer, S. T. B.Goennenwein, and E.Saitoh, Spin Hall magnetoresistance induced by a nonequilibrium proximity effect, Phys. Rev. Lett. 110(20), 206601 (2013) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.206601
33
Y.Sun, Y. Y.Song, H.Chang, M.Kabatek, M.Jantz, W.Schneider, M.Wu, H.Schultheiss, and A.Hoffmann, Growth and ferromagnetic resonance properties of nanometer-thick yttrium iron garnet films, Appl. Phys. Lett. 101(15), 152405 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4759039
34
O.d’Allivy Kelly, A.Anane, R.Bernard, J.Ben Youssef, C.Hahn, A. H.Molpeceres, C.Carretero, E.Jacquet, C.Deranlot, P.Bortolotti, R.Lebourgeois, J. C.Mage, G.de Loubens, O.Klein, V.Cros, and A.Fert, Inverse spin Hall effect in nanometer-thick yttrium iron garnet/Pt system, Appl. Phys. Lett. 103(8), 082408 (2013) https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4819157
35
T.Liu, H.Chang, V.Vlaminck, Y.Sun, M.Kabatek, A.Hoffmann, L.Deng, and M.Wu, Ferromagnetic resonance of sputtered yttrium iron garnet nanometer films, J. Appl. Phys. 115(17), 17A501 (2014)
36
H. L.Wang, C. H.Du, Y.Pu, R.Adur, P. C.Hammel, and F. Y.Yang, Scaling of spin hall angle in 3d, 4d, and 5d metals from Y3Fe5O12/Metal spin pumping, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112(19), 197201 (2014) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.197201
37
H. C.Chang, P.Li, W.Zhang, T.Liu, A.Hoffmann, L. J.Deng, and M. Z.Wu, Nanometer-thick yttrium iron garnet films with extremely low damping, IEEE Magn. Lett. 5, 1 (2014) https://doi.org/10.1109/LMAG.2014.2350958
J.Zhang, M.Bachman, M.Czerner, and C.Heiliger, Thermal transport and nonequilibrium temperature drop across a magnetic tunnel junction, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115(3), 037203 (2015) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.037203
40
A.Brataas, Y.Tserkovnyak, and G. E. W.Bauer, Magnetization dissipation in ferromagnets from scattering theory, Phys. Rev. B84(5), 054416 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.84.054416
41
Y.Tserkovnyak, A.Brataas, and G. E. W.Bauer, Spin pumping and magnetization dynamics in metallic multilayers, Phys. Rev. B66(22), 224403 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.66.224403
42
Y.Tserkovnyak, A.Brataas, and G. E. W.Bauer, Enhanced Gilbert damping in thin ferromagnetic films, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88(11), 117601 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.117601
43
O.Gunnarsson, O.Jepsen, and O. K.Andersen, Selfconsistent impurity calculations in the atomic-spheres approximation, Phys. Rev. B27(12), 7144 (1983) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.27.7144
O.Jepsen, O. K.Andersen, and D.Glötzel, Highlights of Condensed Matter Theory, Amsterdam: North- Holland, 1985
46
S.Wang, Y.Xu, and K.Xia, First-principles study of spin-transfer torques in layered systems with noncollinear magnetization, Phys. Rev. B77(18), 184430 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.77.184430
K. M. D.Hals, A.Brataas, and Y.Tserkovnyak, Scattering theory of charge-current induced magnetization dynamics, EPL90(4), 47002 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/90/47002
49
P.Bruno and C.Chappert, Oscillatory coupling between ferromagnetic layers separated by a nonmagnetic metal spacer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 67(12), 1602 (1991) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.67.1602
