Interplay of nonreciprocity and nonlinearity on mean-field energy and dynamics of a Bose–Einstein condensate in a double-well potential

doi:10.1007/s11467-021-1133-2

Front. Phys.

2022, Vol. 17

Issue (4) : 42503 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-021-1133-2

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Interplay of nonreciprocity and nonlinearity on mean-field energy and dynamics of a Bose–Einstein condensate in a double-well potential

Yi-Piao Wu¹, Guo-Qing Zhang^1,², Cai-Xia Zhang^1,²(

), Jian Xu³(

), Dan-Wei Zhang^1,²(

)

¹. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
². Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Frontier Research Institute for Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
³. College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China

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Abstract

We investigate the mean-field energy spectrum and dynamics in a Bose–Einstein condensate in a double-well potential with non-Hermiticity from the nonreciprocal hopping, and show that the interplay of nonreciprocity and nonlinearity leads to exotic properties. Under the two-mode and mean-field approximations, the nonreciprocal generalization of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation and Bloch equations of motion for this system are obtained. We analyze the $P T$ phase diagram and the dynamical stability of fixed points. The reentrance of $P T$ -symmetric phase and the reformation of stable fixed points with increasing the nonreciprocity parameter are found. Besides, we uncover a linear selftrapping effect induced by the nonreciprocity. In the nonlinear case, the self-trapping oscillation is enhanced by the nonreciprocity and then collapses in the $P T$ -broken phase, and can finally be recovered in the reentrant $P T$ -symmetric phase.

Keywords Bose–Einstein condensate non-Hermitian physics nonlinear dynamics parity–time symmetry

Corresponding Author(s): Cai-Xia Zhang,Jian Xu,Dan-Wei Zhang

Issue Date: 16 December 2021

Cite this article:

Yi-Piao Wu,Guo-Qing Zhang,Cai-Xia Zhang, et al. Interplay of nonreciprocity and nonlinearity on mean-field energy and dynamics of a Bose–Einstein condensate in a double-well potential[J]. Front. Phys. , 2022, 17(4): 42503.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fop/EN/10.1007/s11467-021-1133-2
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fop/EN/Y2022/V17/I4/42503

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