Optimization for epitaxial fabrication of infinite-layer nickelate superconductors

doi:10.1007/s11467-023-1368-1

Front. Phys.

2024, Vol. 19

Issue (3) : 33209 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-023-1368-1

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Optimization for epitaxial fabrication of infinite-layer nickelate superconductors

Minghui Xu¹, Yan Zhao¹, Xiang Ding¹, Huaqian Leng¹, Shu Zhang¹, Jie Gong¹, Haiyan Xiao¹, Xiaotao Zu¹, Huiqian Luo^4,⁵, Ke-Jin Zhou³, Bing Huang², Liang Qiao¹(

)

¹. School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
². Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
³. Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
⁴. Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
⁵. Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China

Download: PDF(5464 KB) HTML
Export: BibTeX | EndNote | Reference Manager | ProCite | RefWorks

Abstract

The discovery of nickelates superconductor creates exciting opportunities to unconventional superconductivity. However, its synthesis is challenging and only a few groups worldwide can obtain samples with zero-resistance. This problem becomes the major barrier for this field. From plume dynamics perspective, we found the synthesis of superconducting nickelates is a complex process and the challenge is twofold, i.e., how to stabilize an ideal infinite-layer structure Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₂, and then how to make Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₂ superconducting? The competition between perovskite Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₃ and Ruddlesden−Popper defect phase is crucial for obtaining infinite-layer structure. Due to inequivalent angular distributions of condensate during laser ablation, the laser energy density is critical to obtain phase-pure Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₃. However, for obtaining superconductivity, both laser energy density and substrate temperature are very important. We also demonstrate the superconducting Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₂ epitaxial film is very stable in ambient conditions up to 512 days. Our results provide important insights for fabrication of superconducting infinite-layer nickelates towards future device applications.

Keywords nickelate superconductivity infinite-layer plasma condensate plume dynamics

Corresponding Author(s): Liang Qiao

Issue Date: 20 December 2023

Cite this article:

Minghui Xu,Yan Zhao,Xiang Ding, et al. Optimization for epitaxial fabrication of infinite-layer nickelate superconductors[J]. Front. Phys. , 2024, 19(3): 33209.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fop/EN/10.1007/s11467-023-1368-1
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fop/EN/Y2024/V19/I3/33209

Fig.1 Growth process for Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₃ thin films. (a) Illustration for the CaH₂ topotactic reduction, which can convert perovskite phase into infinite-layer phase. (b) RHEED diffraction spot of SrTiO₃ (001) observed before growth, and (c) RHEED diffraction spot of Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₃/SrTiO₃ (001) after growth (1.1 J·cm⁻²). (d) Oscillation curves of the RHEED intensity monitored during the growth of Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₃/SrTiO₃ (001) films at different energy densities.

Fig.2 Effect of laser energy density on the structural characteristics of nickelate thin films. (a) X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of 15-nm-thick Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₃ (001) films grown on single-crystal SrTiO₃ (001) substrates using different laser energy densities and (b) the zoomed-in view. The inset in (a) shows reciprocal space maps (RSM) of Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₃ (left) around the (103) SrTiO₃ diffraction peak and the surface morphology of Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₃ (right) film by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The inset in (b) shows rocking curve FWHM values and c-axis lattice constants recorded for the (002) peak from Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₃ films grown as functions of energy laser. (c) Measured XRR of as-grown Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₃. (d) The XRD pattern of Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₂ film after reduction corresponds to the growth conditions in (a). The inset in (d) shows reciprocal space maps (RSM) of Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₂ (left) around the (103) SrTiO₃ diffraction peak and the surface morphology of Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₂ (right) film by atomic force microscopy (AFM). (e) The zoomed-in view of (d). The inset in (e) shows rocking curve FWHM values and c-axis lattice constants recorded for the (002) peak from Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₂ films. (f) Measured XRR of as-grown Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₂.

Fig.3 Effect of laser energy density on transport properties and superconductivity for nickelate thin films after CaH₂ reduction. The data corresponds to the transport characteristic curve of Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₂ films in (d). (a) Temperature-dependent resistivity of the CaH₂ reduced Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₂ thin film grown at different laser energy densities. (b) The normal Hall coefficient R_H(T) of the superconducting sample in (a).

Fig.4 Effect of substrate temperature on the structural characteristics of nickelate thin films. (a) XRD patterns of 15-nm-thick Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₃ (001) films grown on single-crystal SrTiO₃ (001) substrates in the temperature range of 570−650 °C and (b) the zoomed-in view. (c) XRD patterns of 15-nm-thick Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₂ (001) films after reduction correspond in the temperature range of 570−650 °C and (d) the zoomed-in view.

Fig.5 Effect of substrate temperature on the electrical properties of nickelate thin films and superconductivity stability. (a) Temperature-dependent resistivity of Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₂ films grown in the temperature range of 570−650 °C. The inset shows the zoomed-in superconducting transition temperature. (b) Temperature dependence of resistivity for superconducting Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₂ films continuously exposed to air for 512 days, the inset shows the superconducting transition temperature for (b) plot.

1	I. Anisimov V., R. Bukhvalov D., M. Rice T.. Electronic structure of possible nickelate analogs to the cuprates. Phys. Rev. B, 1999, 59(12): 7901 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.59.7901
2	Li D., Lee K., Y. Wang B., Osada M., Crossley S., R. Lee H., Cui Y., Hikita Y., Y. Hwang H.. Superconductivity in an infinite-layer nickelate. Nature, 2019, 572(7771): 624 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1496-5
3	Zeng S., S. Tang C., Yin X., J. Li C., S. Li M., Huang Z., X. Hu J., Y. Wan D., Yang P., J. Pennycook S., T. S. Wee A., Ariando A.. Phase diagram and superconducting dome of infinite-layer thin films. Phys. Rev. Lett., 2020, 125(14): 147003 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.147003
4	Li D., Y. Wang B., Lee K., P. Harvey S., Osada M., H. Goodge B., F. Kourkoutis L., Y. Hwang H.. Superconducting dome in Nd1−xSrxNiO2 infinite layer films. Phys. Rev. Lett., 2020, 125(2): 027001 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.027001
5	Sun W., Li Y., Liu R., F. Yang J., Y. Li J., J. Yan S., Y. Sun H., Guo W., B. Gu Z., Deng Y., F. Wang X., F. Nie Y.. Evidence for quasi-two-dimensional superconductivity in infinite-layer nickelates. Adv. Mater., 2023, 35(32): 2303400 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202303400
6	Werner P., Hoshino S.. Nickelate superconductors: Multiorbital nature and spin freezing. Phys. Rev. B, 2020, 101(4): 041104 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.101.041104
7	Y. Wang B., Li D., H. Goodge B., Lee K., Osada M., P. Harvey S., F. Kourkoutis L., R. Beasley M., Y. Hwang H.. Isotropic Pauli-limited superconductivity in the infinite-layer nickelate Nd0.775Sr0.225NiO2. Nat. Phys., 2021, 17(4): 473 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-020-01128-5
8	Lu H., Rossi M., Nag A., Osada M., Li D., Lee K., Y. Wang B., Garcia-Fernandez M., Agrestini S., X. Shen Z., Moritz B., P. Devereaux T., Zaanen J., Y. Hwang H., J. Zhou K., S. Lee W.. Magnetic excitations in infinite-layer nickelates. Science, 2021, 373(6551): 213 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abd7726
9	Gu Y.Zhu S. Wang X.P. Hu J.H. Chen H., A substantial hybridization between correlated Ni-d orbital and itinerant electrons in infinite-layer nickelates, Commun. Phys. 3(1), 84 (2020)
10	Rossi M.Osada M.Choi J.Agrestini S.Jost D. Lee Y.Y. Lu H.Y. Wang B.Lee K.Nag A. D. Chuang Y.T. Kuo C.J. Lee S.Moritz B.P. Devereaux T.X. Shen Z.S. Lee J.J. Zhou K. Y. Hwang H.S. Lee W., A broken translational symmetry state in an infinite-layer nickelate, Nat. Phys. 18(8), 869 (2022)
11	C. Tam C., Choi J., Ding X., Agrestini S., Nag A., Wu M., Huang B., Q. Luo H., Gao P., Garcia-Fernandez M., Qiao L., J. Zhou K.. Charge density waves in infinite-layer NdNiO2 nickelates. Nat. Mater., 2022, 21(10): 1116 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-022-01330-1
12	E. Chow L.Pierre Y.Nardone M.Zitouni A.Goiran A. S. K. Goh M.Escoffier W.Ariando A., Pauli-limit violation in lanthanide infinite-layer nickelate superconductors, arXiv: 2204.12606 (2022)
13	Krieger G., L. Zeng M., Chow S., E. Kummer L., Arpaia K., Sala R., M. Brookes M., B. Ariando N., Viart A., Salluzzo N., Ghiringhelli M.. Charge and spin order dichotomy in NdNiO2 driven by the capping layer. Phys. Rev. Lett., 2022, 129(2): 027002 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.027002
14	Zhao D., B. Zhou Y., Fu Y., Wang L., F. Zhou X., Cheng H., Li J., W. Song D., M. Wu Z., Shan M., H. Yu F., J. Ying J., M. Wang S., W. Mei J., Wu T., H. Chen X.. Intrinsic spin susceptibility and pseudogaplike behavior in infinite-layer LaNiO2. Phys. Rev. Lett., 2021, 126(19): 197001 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.197001
15	Zhou X., Zhang X., Yi J., X. Qin P., X. Feng Z., H. Jiang P., C. Zhong Z., Yan H., N. Wang X., Y. Chen H., J. Wu H., Zhang X., A. Meng Z., J. Yu X., B. H. Breese M., F. Cao J., M. Wang J., B. Jiang C., Q. Liu Z.. Antiferromagnetism in Ni-based superconductors. Adv. Mater., 2022, 34(4): 2106117 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202106117
16	Cui Y.Li C.Li Q.Y. Zhu X.Hu Z. F. Yang Y.S. Zhang J.Yu R.H. Wen H.Q. Yu W., NMR evidence of antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations in Nd0.85Sr0.15NiO2, Chin. Phys. Lett. 38(6), 067401 (2021)
17	P. Harvey S.Y. Wang B.Fowlie J.Osada M.Li D. Y. Hwang H., Evidence for nodal superconductivity in infinite-layer nickelates, arXiv: 2201.12971 (2022)
18	E. Chow L.K. Sudheesh S.Nandi P.Zeng E.Chia M. Ariando A., Pairing symmetry in infinite-layer nickelate superconductor, arXiv: 2201.10038 (2022)
19	M. Zhang G., F. Yang Y., C. Zhang F.. Self-doped Mott insulator for parent compounds of nickelate superconductors. Phys. Rev. B, 2020, 101(2): 020501 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.101.020501
20	Gu Q., Li Y., Wan S., Z. Li H., Guo W., Yang H., Li Q., Y. Zhu X., Q. Pan X., F. Nie Y., H. Wen H.. Single particle tunneling spectrum of superconducting Nd1−xSrxNiO2 thin films. Nat. Commun., 2020, 11(1): 6027 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19908-1
21	Li Q., P. He C., Si J., H. Wen H.. Absence of superconductivity in bulk Nd1−xSrxNiO2. Commun. Mater., 2020, 1: 16 https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-020-0018-1
22	A. Hayward M., J. Rosseinsky M.. Synthesis of the infinite layer Ni(I) phase NdNiO2+x by low temperature reduction of NdNiO3 with sodium hydride. Solid State Sci., 2003, 5(6): 839 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1293-2558(03)00111-0
23	A. Hayward M., A. Green M., J. Rosseinsky M., Sloan J.. Sodium hydride as a powerful reducing agent for topotactic oxide deintercalation: Synthesis and characterization of the nickel(I) oxide LaNiO2. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1999, 121(38): 8843 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja991573i
24	Kawai M., Inoue S., Mizumaki M., Kawamura N., Ichikawa N., Shimakawa Y.. Reversible changes of epitaxial thin films from perovskite LaNiO3 to infinite-layer structure LaNiO2. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2009, 94(8): 082102 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3078276
25	Tsujimoto Y., Tassel C., Hayashi N., Watanabe T., Kageyama H., Yoshimura K., Takano M., Ceretti M., Ritter C., Paulus W.. Infinite-layer iron oxide with a square-planar coordination. Nature, 2007, 450(7172): 1062 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature06382
26	Katayama T., Chikamatsu A., Yamada K., Shigematsu K., Onozuka T., Minohara M., Kumigashira H., Ikenaga E., Hasegawa T.. Epitaxial growth and electronic structure of oxyhydride SrVO2H thin films. J. Appl. Phys., 2016, 120(8): 085305 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4961446
27	Amano Patino M., Zeng D., J. Blundell S., E. McGrady J., A. Hayward M.. Extreme sensitivity of a topochemical reaction to cation substitution: SrVO2H versus SrV1–xTixO1.5H1.5. Inorg. Chem., 2018, 57(5): 2890 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00026
28	Inoue S., Kawai M., Ichikawa N., Kageyama H., Paulus W., Shimakawa Y.. Anisotropic oxygen diffusion at low temperature in perovskite-structure iron oxides. Nat. Chem., 2010, 2(3): 213 https://doi.org/10.1038/nchem.547
29	M. Helps R., H. Rees N., A. Hayward M.. Sr3Co2O4.33H0.84: An extended transition metal oxide-hydride. Inorg. Chem., 2010, 49(23): 11062 https://doi.org/10.1021/ic101613b
30	Hanna T., Muraba Y., Matsuishi S., Igawa N., Kodama K., Shamoto S., Hosono H.. Hydrogen in layered iron arsenides: Indirect electron doping to induce superconductivity. Phys. Rev. B, 2011, 84(2): 024521 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.84.024521
31	Dixon E., A. Hayward M.. The topotactic reduction of Sr3Fe2O5Cl2 — Square planar Fe(II) in an extended oxyhalide. Inorg. Chem., 2010, 49(20): 9649 https://doi.org/10.1021/ic101371z
32	A. Hayward M.J. Cussen E.B. Claridge J.Bieringer M.J. Rosseinsky M.J. Kiely C. J. Blundell S.M. Marshall I.L. Pratt F., The hydride anion in an extended transition metal oxide array: LaSrCoO3H0.7, Science 295(5561), 1882
33	Lee K., H. Goodge B., Li D., Osada M., Y. Wang B., Cui Y., F. Kourkoutis L., Y. Hwang H.. Aspects of the synthesis of thin film superconducting infinite-layer nickelates. APL Mater., 2020, 8(4): 041107 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0005103
34	Olafsen A., Fjellvåg H., C. Hauback B.. Crystal Structure and Properties of Nd4Co3O10+δ and Nd4Ni3O10−δ. J. Solid State Chem., 2000, 151(1): 46 https://doi.org/10.1006/jssc.2000.8620
35	Gao Q., Zhao Y., J. Zhou X., Zhu Z.. Preparation of superconducting thin films of infinite-layer nickelate. Chin. Phys. Lett., 2021, 38(7): 077401 https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307X/38/7/077401
36	Ding X., Shen S., Leng H., H. Xu M., Zhao Y., R. Zhao J., L. Sui X., Q. Wu X., Y. Xiao H., T. Zu X., Huang B., Q. Luo H., Yu P., Qiao L.. Stability of superconducting Nd0.8Sr0.2NiO2 thin films. Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron., 2022, 65(6): 267411 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11433-021-1871-x
37	A. Pan G., Ferenc Segedin D., LaBollita H., Song Q., M. Nica E., H. Goodge B., T. Pierce A., Doyle S., Novakov S., Córdova Carrizales D., T. N’Diaye A., Shafer P., Paik H., T. Heron J., A. Mason J., Yacoby A., F. Kourkoutis L., Erten O., M. Brooks C., S. Botana A., A. Mundy J.. Superconductivity in a quintuple-layer square-planar nickelate. Nat. Mater., 2022, 21(2): 160 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-021-01142-9
38	Y. Ji Y., H. Liu J., F. Gao X., Li L., Chen K., L. Liao Z.. Optimized fabrication of high-quality N0.8Sr0.2NiO2 superconducting films by pulsed laser deposition. Physica C, 2023, 604: 1354190 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physc.2022.1354190
39	Ohtomo A.Y. Hwang H., A high-mobility electron gas at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterointerface, Nature 427(6973), 423 (2004)
40	C. Huang X., W. Li W., Zhang S., E. Oropeza F., Gorni G., A. de la Peña-O’Shea V., L. Lee T., Wu M., S. Wang L., C. Qi D., Qiao L., Cheng J., H. L. Zhang K.. Ni3+-induced semiconductor-to-metal transition in spinel nickel cobaltite thin films. Phys. Rev. B, 2021, 104(12): 125136 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.104.125136
41	M. Christen H., Eres G.. Recent advances in pulsed-laser deposition of complex oxides. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, 2008, 20(26): 264005 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/20/26/264005
42	D. Haverkamp J., A. Bourham M., Du S., Narayan J.. Plasma plume dynamics in magnetically assisted pulsed laser deposition. J. Phys. D Appl. Phys., 2009, 42(2): 025201 https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/42/2/025201
43	Horiba K., Eguchi R., Taguchi M., Chainani A., Kikkawa A., Senba Y., Ohashi H., Shin S.. Electronic structure of LaNiO3−x: An in situ soft X-ray photoemission and absorption study. Phys. Rev. B, 2007, 76(15): 155104 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.76.155104
44	D. C. King P., I. Wei H., F. Nie Y., Uchida M., Adamo C., Zhu S., He X., Bozovic I., G. Schlom D., M. Shen K.. Atomic-scale control of competing electronic phases in ultrathin LaNiO3. Nat. Nanotechnol., 2014, 9(6): 443 https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2014.59
45	Qiao L., Bi X.. Direct observation of Ni3+ and Ni2+ in correlated LaNiO3−δ films. Europhys. Lett., 2011, 93(5): 57002 https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/93/57002
46	Tsubouchi K., Ohkubo I., Kumigashira H., Matsumoto Y., Ohnishi T., Lippmaa M., Koinuma H., Oshima M.. Epitaxial growth and surface metallic nature of LaNiO3 thin films. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2008, 92(26): 262109 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2955534
47	Middey S., Chakhalian J., Mahadevan P., W. Freeland J., J. Millis A., D. Sarma D.. Physics of ultrathin films and heterostructures of rare-earth nickelates. Annu. Rev. Mater. Res., 2016, 46(1): 305 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-matsci-070115-032057
48	C. S. Kools J., S. Baller T., T. De Zwart S., Dieleman J.. Gas flow dynamics in laser ablation deposition. J. Appl. Phys., 1992, 71(9): 4547 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.350772
49	V. Bulgakov A., M. Bulgakova N.. Gas-dynamic effects of the interaction between a pulsed laser-ablation plume and the ambient gas: Analogy with an underexpanded jet. J. Phys. D Appl. Phys., 1998, 31(6): 693 https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/31/6/017
50	NoorBatcha I., R. Lucchese R., Zeiri Y.. Effects of gas-phase collisions on particles rapidly desorbed from surfaces. Phys. Rev. B, 1987, 36(9): 4978 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.36.4978
51	C. S. Kools J.van de Riet E.Dieleman J., A simple formalism for the prediction of angular distributions in laser ablation deposition, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 69(1–4), 1 (1993)
52	C. Droubay T., Qiao L., C. Kaspar T., H. Engelhard M., Shutthanandan V., A. Chambers S.. Nonstoichiometric material transfer in the pulsed laser deposition of LaAlO3. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2010, 97(12): 124105 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3487778
53	Qiao L., C. Droubay T., Shutthanandan V., Zhu Z., V. Sushko P., A. Chambers S.. Thermodynamic instability at the stoichiometric LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (001) interface. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, 2010, 22(31): 312201 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/22/31/312201
54	E. Muenchausen R., M. Hubbard K., Foltyn S., C. Estler R., S. Nogar N., Jenkins C.. Effects of beam parameters on excimer laser deposition of YBa2Cu3O7−δ. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1990, 56(6): 578 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.103303
55	Ohnishi T., Shibuya K., Yamamoto T., Lippmaa M.. Defects and transport in complex oxide thin films. J. Appl. Phys., 2008, 103(10): 103703 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2921972
56	Konomi I., Motohiro T., Horii M., Kawasumi M.. Angular distribution of elemental composition of films deposited by laser ablation of a SrZrO3 target. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 2008, 26(6): 1455 https://doi.org/10.1116/1.2987952
57	Dang H., Qin Q.. Angular distribution of laser-ablated species from a Pr0.67Sr0.33MnO3 target. Phys. Rev. B, 1999, 60(15): 11187 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.60.11187
58	Tyunina M., Levoska J., Leppävuori S.. Experimental studies and modeling of Pb–Zr–Ti–O film growth in pulsed laser deposition. J. Appl. Phys., 1998, 83(10): 5489 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.367379
59	F. Wood R., R. Chen K., N. Leboeuf J., A. Puretzky A., B. Geohegan D.. Dynamics of plume propagation and splitting during pulsed-laser ablation. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1997, 79(8): 1571 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.1571
60	B. Geohegan D.. Fast intensified‐CCD photography of YBa2Cu3O7−x laser ablation in vacuum and ambient oxygen. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1992, 60(22): 2732 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.106859
61	Ding X., Yang B., Leng H., H. Jang J., R. Zhao J., Zhang C., Zhang S., X. Cao G., Zhang J., Mishra R., B. Yi J., Qi D., Gai Z., Zu X., Li S., Huang B., Borisevich A., Qiao L.. Crystal symmetry engineering in epitaxial perovskite superlattices. Adv. Funct. Mater., 2021, 31(47): 2106466 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202106466
62	Qiao L., H. L. Zhang K., E. Bowden M., Varga T., Shutthanandan V., Colby R., Du Y., Kabius B., V. Sushko P., D. Biegalski M., A. Chambers S.. The impacts of cation stoichiometry and substrate surface quality on nucleation, structure, defect formation, and intermixing in complex oxide heteroepitaxy–LaCrO3 on SrTiO3(001). Adv. Funct. Mater., 2013, 23(23): 2953 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201202655

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed