Solar manipulations of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy for flexible spintronics

doi:10.1007/s11467-023-1377-0

Front. Phys.

2024, Vol. 19

Issue (4) : 43206 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-023-1377-0

Solar manipulations of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy for flexible spintronics

Zhexi He¹, Yifan Zhao¹(

), Yujing Du¹, Meng Zhao¹, Yuxuan Jiang¹, Ming Liu¹(

), Ziyao Zhou²(

)

¹. State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, The International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
². School of Materials Science & Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China

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Abstract

Flexible electronics/spintronics attracts researchers’ attention for their application potential abroad in wearable devices, healthcare, and other areas. Those devices’ performance (speed, energy consumption) is highly dependent on manipulating information bits (spin-orientation in flexible spintronics). In this work, we established an organic photovoltaic (OPV)/ZnO/Pt/Co/Pt heterostructure on flexible PET substrates with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA). Under sunlight illumination, the photoelectrons generated from the OPV layer transfer into the PMA heterostructure, then they reduce the PMA strength by enhancing the interfacial Rashba field accordingly. The coercive field (H_c) reduces from 800 Oe to 500 Oe at its maximum, and the magnetization can be switched up and down reversibly. The stability of sunlight control of magnetization reversal under various bending conditions is also tested for flexible spintronic applications. Lastly, the voltage output of sunlight-driven PMA is achieved in our prototype device, exhibiting an excellent angular dependence and opening a door towards solar-driven flexible spintronics with much lower energy consumption.

Keywords interfacial magnetoelectric coupling perpendicular magnetic anisotropy deterministic magnetization reversal photovoltaic control of magnetism

Corresponding Author(s): Yifan Zhao,Ming Liu,Ziyao Zhou

Issue Date: 19 January 2024

Cite this article:

Zhexi He,Yifan Zhao,Yujing Du, et al. Solar manipulations of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy for flexible spintronics[J]. Front. Phys. , 2024, 19(4): 43206.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fop/EN/10.1007/s11467-023-1377-0
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fop/EN/Y2024/V19/I4/43206

Fig.1 The schematic of sunlight photovoltaic gating control of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy heterostructure on flexible substrates and in situ VSM measurement of the PMA heterostructures on Mica and PET substrates. (a) The schematic of organic photovoltaic/ZnO/Pt/Co/Pt/Ta/PET flexible heterostructure. (b) The molecular nano-structure of the acceptor (PC71BM) and donor (PTB7-Th). (c) The in-plane (red) and out-of-plane (blue) magnetic hysteresis loops on the PET substrate correspondingly.

Fig.2 The sunlight control of magnetic hysteresis loops study in PV/PMA heterostructures on flat conditions. (a) The H_c dependence of the thickness of the Co layer with (red) and without (blue) sunlight illumination. (b) The angular dependence of H_c without sunlight illumination (dark, red), under 1 sun (blue), 2 suns illumination (green), and back to dark conditions (re-dark, black). (c) The VSM measured magnetic hysteresis loops with (red) and without (blue) sunlight illuminations on flat conditions. (d) The magnetization switching with sunlight illumination turn on and off with magnetic bias assistance.

Fig.3 The sunlight control of PMA on flexible substrates under different bending conditions. (a) The magnetic hysteresis loop test of PV/PMA heterostructure under flat (red), bending (curvature = 1/3, blue; 1/5, black) conditions. (b) The magnetic hysteresis loop of PV/PMA heterostructure with and without sunlight illumination (dark, blue; redark, black) at substrate bending curvature 1/3. The magnetization switches by turning the sunlight on and off with magnetic bias. (c) The magnetic hysteresis loop of PV/PMA heterostructure with and without sunlight illumination (dark, blue; redark, black) at substrate bending curvature of 1/5. The corresponding sunlight-induced magnetization switches at magnetic bias.

Fig.4 The prototype device of the solar-driven spintronic sensor. (a) The schematic and actual photo of the solar-driven rotating sensor on a human hand. (b) The schematic of electrodes on the PV/PMA heterostructures. (c) The angular dependence of voltage output with (blue) and without (red) sunlight illuminations. (d) The angular dependence of voltage output difference between light and dark conditions.

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