Major bridge projects——a multi-disciplinary approach<FootNote><p>The content of this paper was presented at Labse Workshop 2009, Tongji University, Shanghai, China</p>

doi:10.1007/s11709-011-0137-3

Front Arch Civil Eng Chin

0, Vol.

Issue () : 479-495 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11709-011-0137-3

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Major bridge projects——a multi-disciplinary approach

The content of this paper was presented at Labse Workshop 2009, Tongji University, Shanghai, China

Klaus H. OSTENFELD, Erik Y. ANDERSEN(

)

COWI, Parallelvej 2, Kongens Lyngby, DK-2800, Denmark

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Abstract

Modern bridge building is much more than concrete, steel and money. The overall socioeconomic impact, influence on people migration, traffic, use of primary materials, safety of construction impact on the environment, energy, risk scenarios, health, and most relevant now: climate and CO₂ emissions, are among the parameters which enter into the decision process at the overall holistic conceptual level, the more detailed level of selection of bridge sites, and selection of bridge types as well as construction methods and selection of materials and products.

The paper illustrates these dilemmas and illustrates by specific examples how this complicated decision process can be managed and structured in order to arrive at an overall satisfactory solution for design, construction and maintenance throughout the lifetime (life cycle) to these sometimes contradictory parameters and requirements.

Keywords bridges materials climate risk safety environment socioeconomics traffic CO₂ energy life cycle society aesthetics

Corresponding Author(s): ANDERSEN Erik Y.,Email:eya@cawi.dk

Issue Date: 05 December 2011

Cite this article:

Klaus H. OSTENFELD,Erik Y. ANDERSEN. Major bridge projects——a multi-disciplinary approach

The content of this paper was presented at Labse Workshop 2009, Tongji University, Shanghai, China

[J]. Front Arch Civil Eng Chin, 0, (): 479-495.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fsce/EN/10.1007/s11709-011-0137-3
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fsce/EN/Y0/V/I/479

Fig.1 Scandinavian Fixed Links across navigable straits

Fig.2 Factors influencing the multidisciplinary bridge design task

Fig.3 Project development phases

Fig.4 Overlapping areas of expertise in a multidisciplinary working environment

Fig.5 Belt, East Bridge-main suspension bridge with approach spans, an excellent example of a visually pleasing appearance of a unique structure with landmark qualities

Fig.6 Anchor block structure for the Storebelt, East Bridge visually honest in appearance, light and with a clear structural function

Fig.7 Sheikh Zayed Bridge, Abu Dhabi, UAE

Fig.8 King Fahed Causeway–prefabricated elements being placed on site

Fig.9 Heavy lift vessel Svanen Oresund Bridge Site–placement of pier segments

Fig.10 Prefabrication yard for the elements for the Storebelt West Bridge

Fig.11 Great Belt East bridge, approach viaducts

Fig.12 Oresund Bridge. Erection of foundation caissons and superstructure by Svanen

Fig.13 Caisson foundation for pylons for the Busan-Geoje Ficed link cable stayed bridges. Prefabrication in two steps–combination of two separately prepared lower parts

Fig.14 New Little Belt Bridge, Denmark

Fig.15 Faroe Bridge, Denmark

Fig.16 Hoga Kusten bridge, Sweden

Fig.17 Pont de Normandie, France

Fig.18 H?logaland Bridge, Norway

Fig.19 Sutong Bridge, China

Fig.20 Sutong Bridge

Fig.21 Stonecutters bridge, HK, China

Fig.22 Bridge across Stretto de Messina, Italy, with a main span of 3300 m

Fig.23 Gibraltar Strait Fixed Crossing Suspension bridge

Fig.24 Yemen- Djibouti Fixed Link

Fig.25 Fehmarn Belt Bridge. Rendering of combined road and railway sable stayed bridge solution

Fig.26 Possible alignments for the Qatar-Bahrain Causeway

Fig.27 Evaluation matrix for alignment selection

Tab.1 Potential impacts from implementation of major fixed link projects

Fig.28 Main span options for Storebelt, East Bridge and associated total costs

Fig.29 Left: Snapshot from simulation studies of bridge activity; right: Illustration of Domain Theory” for safe passage of vessels

Fig.30 Distribution of Design Vessel Sizes along the alignment of the Great belt East bridge including indication of the protection islands arranged around anchor blocks and piers

Fig.31 Bridge collapse after ship collision. Xijiang, China

Fig.32 Air circulation principles in a closed steel box girder (Storebelt East Bridge) and in closed box bridge girder trusses (Oresund Bridge)

Fig.33 Dehumidification plant

Fig.34 Dehumidification installation, new little belt bridge, Denmark

Fig.35 Permanent vibration equipment on suspension bridge hangers

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