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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering

ISSN 2095-2430

ISSN 2095-2449(Online)

CN 10-1023/X

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Front. Struct. Civ. Eng.    2017, Vol. 11 Issue (1) : 27-34    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11709-016-0359-5
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Laboratory assessment of Alaska aggregates using Micro-Deval test
Jenny LIU1(), Sheng ZHAO2, Anthony MULLIN1
1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks AK 99775-5900, USA
2. Center for Environmentally Sustainable Transportation in Cold Climates, Institute of Northern Engineering, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks AK 99775-5900, USA
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Abstract

Aggregates suitable for use in asphalt concrete (AC) pavement construction must meet durability criteria. Thus, it is critical to select appropriate tests to properly characterize aggregate durability. In Alaska, durability tests currently being used for aggregates in AC pavement include Los Angeles (LA) abrasion test, sulfate soundness test and Washington degradation test. However, there have long been concerns arising over Washington degradation test used as an acceptance tool, motivating pavement practitioners to seek more suitable alternatives. This paper presents a study to investigate the feasibility of using Micro-Deval test, commonly used in other states, to evaluate the durability of Alaskan aggregates in AC pavement as well as its potential to replace Washington degradation test. Micro-Deval test, Washington degradation test and other tests currently specified in Alaska were conducted on aggregates from 16 batches representing statewide sources. Based on the testing results, it is found that using Micro-Deval test for durability assessment of Alaska aggregates was feasible and reproducible, and a high potential was revealed to use Micro-Deval test to replace Washington degradation test in Alaska. It is recommended that Micro-Deval test be considered as an additional test for a certain period, but in the long run should be used along with current LA abrasion and sulfate soundness tests to provide a more desirable durability assessment of Alaska aggregates used in AC pavement.
Keywords aggregate durability      Washington degradation test      Micro-Deval test     
Corresponding Author(s): Jenny LIU   
Online First Date: 02 November 2016    Issue Date: 27 February 2017
 Cite this article:   
Jenny LIU,Sheng ZHAO,Anthony MULLIN. Laboratory assessment of Alaska aggregates using Micro-Deval test[J]. Front. Struct. Civ. Eng., 2017, 11(1): 27-34.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fsce/EN/10.1007/s11709-016-0359-5
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fsce/EN/Y2017/V11/I1/27
aggregate ID region frost susceptible
C-1 central yes
C-2 no
C-3 yes
C-4 yes
N-1 northern yes
N-2 yes
N-3 yes
N-4 no
N-5 yes
N-6 yes
N-7 no
SE-1 south-eastern yes
SE-2 no
SE-3 no
SE-4 no
SE-5 no
Tab.1  Aggregate sources
Fig.1  Aggregate gradation
Fig.2  Micro-Deval testing apparatus
aggregate ID mean (% loss) SD (%) COV (%)
C-1 7.78 0.08 1.01
C-2 7.22 0.93 12.88
C-3 6.91 0.69 10.02
C-4 6.35 0.09 1.42
N-1 7.93 0.04 0.55
N-2 8.73 0.16 1.80
N-3 5.22 0.12 2.27
N-4 6.67 0.72 10.73
N-5 3.81 0.03 0.73
N-6 18.33 1.36 7.41
N-7 13.71 0.60 4.38
SE-1 5.36 0.15 2.82
SE-2 6.04 0.15 2.54
SE-3 7.15 0.88 12.33
SE-4 5.95 0.42 7.04
SE-5 6.84 0.50 7.28
average 7.75 0.43 5.33
Tab.2  Micro-Deval testing results
testing parameter Micro-Deval
loss		 LA abrasion loss Washington degradation factor (D) sodium sulfate loss
durability criteria 18% max 50% max 45% min 9% max
Tab.3  Durability criteria for selected tests
aggregate
ID		 LA abrasion loss (%) Washington degradation factor (D)
(%)		 sodium sulfate loss (%)
C-1 12 75 0
C-2 12 73 0
C-3 16 62 0
C-4 13 75 1
N-1 27 32 1.2
N-2 25 66 5
N-3 13 84 0
N-4 32 78 1
N-5 25 88 0
N-6 21 4 -
N-7 41 67 1
SE-1 13 48 0
SE-2 31 96 0.4
SE-3 14 54 1
SE-4 13 54 2
SE-5 12 51 1
Tab.4  Results of the LA abrasion, Washington degradation, and sodium sulfate soundness tests
test method Micro-Deval LA abrasion Washington degradation sodium sulfate soundness
Micro-Deval 1.00 0.35 -0.65 0.35
LA abrasion – 1.00 0.13 0.22
Washington degradation – – 1.00 -0.23
sodium sulfate soundness – – – 1.00
Tab.5  Correlation (r) between different durability tests
Fig.3  Normalized LA abrasion vs. Micro-Deval results
Fig.4  Normalized Washington degradation vs. Micro-Deval results
Fig.5  Normalized sodium sulfate soundness vs. Micro-Deval results
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