RIG-I: a multifunctional protein beyond a pattern recognition receptor

doi:10.1007/s13238-017-0431-5

Protein Cell

2018, Vol. 9

Issue (3) : 246-253 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13238-017-0431-5

MINI-REVIEW

RIG-I: a multifunctional protein beyond a pattern recognition receptor

Xiao-xiao Xu¹, Han Wan¹, Li Nie¹, Tong Shao¹, Li-xin Xiang¹(

), Jian-zhong Shao^1,²(

)

¹. Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
². Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China

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Abstract

It was widely known that retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I) functions as a cytosolic pattern recognition receptor that initiates innate antiviral immunity by detecting exogenous viral RNAs. However, recent studies showed that RIG-I participates in other various cellular activities by sensing endogenous RNAs under different circumstances. For example, RIG-I facilitates the therapy resistance and expansion of breast cancer cells and promotes T cell-independent B cell activation through interferon signaling activation by recognizing non-coding RNAs and endogenous retroviruses in certain situations. While in hepatocellular carcinoma and acute myeloid leukemia, RIG-I acts as a tumor suppressor through either augmenting STAT1 activation by competitively binding STAT1 against its negative regulator SHP1 or inhibiting AKT-mTOR signaling pathway by directly interacting with Src respectively. These new findings suggest that RIG-I plays more diverse roles in various cellular life activities, such as cell proliferation and differentiation, than previously known. Taken together, the function of RIG-I exceeds far beyond that of a pattern recognition receptor.

Keywords RIG-I viral RNA endogenous RNA immunity cancer

Corresponding Author(s): Li-xin Xiang,Jian-zhong Shao

Issue Date: 21 March 2018

Cite this article:

Xiao-xiao Xu,Han Wan,Li Nie, et al. RIG-I: a multifunctional protein beyond a pattern recognition receptor[J]. Protein Cell, 2018, 9(3): 246-253.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/pac/EN/10.1007/s13238-017-0431-5
https://academic.hep.com.cn/pac/EN/Y2018/V9/I3/246

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