Mapping the epigenetic modifications of DNA and RNA

doi:10.1007/s13238-020-00733-7

Protein Cell

2020, Vol. 11

Issue (11) : 792-808 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13238-020-00733-7

REVIEW

Mapping the epigenetic modifications of DNA and RNA

Lin-Yong Zhao^1,^2,³, Jinghui Song^4,⁵, Yibin Liu^2,³, Chun-Xiao Song^2,³(

), Chengqi Yi^4,^5,⁶(

)

¹. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
². Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
³. Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
⁴. State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
⁵. Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
⁶. Department of Chemical Biology and Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

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Abstract

Over 17 and 160 types of chemical modifications have been identified in DNA and RNA, respectively. The interest in understanding the various biological functions of DNA and RNA modifications has lead to the cutting-edged fields of epigenomics and epitranscriptomics. Developing chemical and biological tools to detect specific modifications in the genome or transcriptome has greatly facilitated their study. Here, we review the recent technological advances in this rapidly evolving field. We focus on high-throughput detection methods and biological findings for these modifications, and discuss questions to be addressed as well. We also summarize third-generation sequencing methods, which enable long-read and single-molecule sequencing of DNA and RNA modification.

Keywords DNA modification DNA methylation RNA modification epitranscriptomics epigenetics long read sequencing

Corresponding Author(s): Chun-Xiao Song,Chengqi Yi

Online First Date: 14 September 2020 Issue Date: 07 December 2020

Cite this article:

Lin-Yong Zhao,Jinghui Song,Yibin Liu, et al. Mapping the epigenetic modifications of DNA and RNA[J]. Protein Cell, 2020, 11(11): 792-808.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/pac/EN/10.1007/s13238-020-00733-7
https://academic.hep.com.cn/pac/EN/Y2020/V11/I11/792

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