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Frontiers of Agriculture in China

ISSN 1673-7334

ISSN 1673-744X(Online)

CN 11-5729/S

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Front Agric Chin    2011, Vol. 5 Issue (4) : 563-569    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11703-011-1140-0
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Long-term application of K fertilizer and straw returning improve crop yield, absorptive capacity of K, and soil nutrient natural supplying capacity in North China
Limin SUN1,4, Chunjie LI2(), Ping HE3, Mengchao LIU2, Jinghui HU4
1. College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China; 2. Institute of Agro-resources and Environment, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; 3. Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; 4. Agricultural Information and Economic Research Institute, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
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Abstract

With the aim of increasing the grain crop yield and the level of soil nutrition in the fluvo-aquic soil in North China, the effects of long-term application of K fertilizers and straw returning on crop yield and soil nutrient supplying capacity were investigated in the long-term K localization experiment (1992–2009). The results revealed that wheat and maize responded to K fertilizer in an identical manner and the average yield of wheat and maize for 17 years were NPKSr>NPK>NPSr>NP. Application of K fertilizer on the basis of NP fertilizers could increase the yield of wheat and maize while the grain and straw yields in each treatment were significantly higher for maize than for wheat. The yield of wheat and maize was increased by 6.74% and 22.32% respectively when applied with NPK fertilizers compared to NP fertilizers. With the NPSr fertilizing mode, the yield of wheat and maize was increased by 2.84% and 10.62% compared to the NP mode respectively. The NPKSr fertilizing mode gave the best yield for wheat and maize, resulting in 10.34%and 23.81% increase respectively compared to the NP mode. The yield stability of wheat was significantly higher than that of maize. Under the condition of long-term fertilization, the K uptaken by wheat and maize was degressive by the sequence of NPKSr>NPSr>NPK>NP, mainly deposited in the straw but not in the grain. In this work, the soil natural ability for applying K was gradually reduced as the planting years proceeded and the changes were fitted by linear equations. The natural supply ability of K element in land planted wheat was higher than that in land planted maize.
Keywords long-term fertilization      fluvo-aquic soil in North China      crop yield      K uptake      the soil nutrient natural supply capacity     
Corresponding Author(s): LI Chunjie,Email:liminsun@163.com   
Issue Date: 05 December 2011
 Cite this article:   
Limin SUN,Chunjie LI,Ping HE, et al. Long-term application of K fertilizer and straw returning improve crop yield, absorptive capacity of K, and soil nutrient natural supplying capacity in North China[J]. Front Agric Chin, 2011, 5(4): 563-569.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fag/EN/10.1007/s11703-011-1140-0
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fag/EN/Y2011/V5/I4/563
TreatmentsFertilizing amount for wheat (kg/hm2)Fertilizing amount for maize (kg/hm2)
CK (NP)N 225, P2O5 90N 225, P2O5 90
NPKN 225, P2O5 90, K2O 150N 225, P2O5 90, K2O 150
NP+ SrN 225, P2O5 90N 225, P2O5 90, Wheat straw 7500
NPK+ SrN 225, P2O5 90, K2O 150N 225, P2O5 90, K2O 150, Wheat straw 7500
Tab.1  Fertilization design
Fig.1  The effect of long-term fertilization on the yield of wheat. 1993–2006 data in Fig. 1 are from Xing et al. ().
Fig.2  The effect of long-term fertilization on the yield of maize. 1993–2006 data in Fig. 2 are from Xing et al. ().
TreatmentYield of wheatIncreased productionYield of maize grainIncreased production
NP6048.13±174.12A6512.64±247.75A
NPK6455.94±171.42B6.74%7966.33±330.01B22.32%
NPSr6219.76±189.80A2.84%7204.50±311.39C10.62%
NPKSr6673.28±158.05C10.34%8063.40±323.69D23.81%
Tab.2  The effect of long-term fertilization on the yield of wheat and maize(average results for 17 years)
TreatmentK uptake of wheat grainK uptake of wheat strawK uptake of maize grainK uptake of maize straw
NP29.86±1.46A75.72±4.16A24.32±1.38A47.89±4.41A
NPK33.84±1.64B123.58±6.99B30.99±1.94BC141.08±15.21B
NPSr32.18±1.76A108.55±6.34B27.50±1.53A93.62±10.87C
NPKSr35.64±1.67B123.12±5.96B32.37±1.68C151.10±15.38DB
Tab.3  Effect of straw returning and potassium fertilizer on the K uptake of wheat, maize grain and straw (kg/hm, average results for 17 years)
Fig.3  Natural ability for applying fertilizer of wheat in the fluvo-aquic soil area in North China. 1993-2006 data are from Xing et al. ().
Fig.4  Natural ability for applying fertilizer of maize in the fluvo-aquic soil area in North China. 1993-2006 data are from Xing et al. ().
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