Catalytic hydrolysis of gaseous HCN over Cu–Ni/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst: parameters and conditions

doi:10.1007/s11783-016-0872-8

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2016, Vol. 10

Issue (6) : 5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-016-0872-8

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Catalytic hydrolysis of gaseous HCN over Cu–Ni/γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst: parameters and conditions

Linxia Yan,Senlin Tian(

),Jian Zhou,Xin Yuan

Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China

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Abstract

? The Cu–Ni/γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst was prepared to study HCN hydrolysis

? On catalyst calcined at 400°C, the HCN removal efficiency reaches a maximum.

? HCN removal is the highest at 480 min at a H ₂ O/HCN volume ratio of 150

? The presence of CO facilitates HCN hydrolysis and increases NH ₃ production.

? O ₂ increases the HCN removal and NO_x production but decreases NH ₃ production

GRAPHIC ABSTRACT

To decompose efficiently hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in exhaust gas, g-Al₂O₃-supported bimetallic-based Cu–Ni catalyst was prepared by incipient-wetness impregnation method. The effects of the calcination temperature, H₂O/HCN volume ratio, reaction temperature, and the presence of CO or O₂ on the HCN removal efficiency on the Cu–Ni/g-Al₂O₃ catalyst were investigated. To examine further the efficiency of HCN hydrolysis, degradation products were analyzed. The results indicate that the HCN removal efficiency increases and then decreases with increasing calcination temperature and H₂O/HCN volume ratio. On catalyst calcined at 400°C, the efficiency reaches a maximum close to 99% at 480 min at a H₂O/HCN volume ratio of 150. The HCN removal efficiency increases with increasing reaction temperature within the range of 100°C–500°C and reaches a maximum at 500°C. This trend may be attributed to the endothermicity of HCN hydrolysis; increasing the temperature favors HCN hydrolysis. However, the removal efficiencies increases very few at 500°C compared with that at 400°C. To conserve energy in industrial operations, 400°C is deemed as the optimal reaction temperature. The presence of CO facilitates HCN hydrolysis andincreases NH₃ production. O₂ substantially increases the HCN removal efficiency and NO_x production but decreases NH₃ production.

Keywords Hydrogen cyanide Cu–Ni/g-Al₂O₃ Catalytic hydrolysis

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Corresponding Author(s): Senlin Tian

Issue Date: 20 September 2016

Cite this article:

Linxia Yan,Senlin Tian,Jian Zhou, et al. Catalytic hydrolysis of gaseous HCN over Cu–Ni/γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst: parameters and conditions[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2016, 10(6): 5.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-016-0872-8
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2016/V10/I6/5

Fig.1 Experimental apparatus for the catalytic testing

One steel gas cylinder 2 reducing valve 3 mass flow meter

Four saturated water generator 5 mixing tank 6 electric heating jacket

Seven flat-jaw pinchcock 8 tubular resistance furnace 9 quartz tube reactor

Ten three-way valve 11 porous glass bottle

Fig.2 HCN removal efficiencies at different calcination temperatures. Reaction conditions: reaction temperature: 200℃; H₂O/HCN volume ratio: 100; GHSV: 36000 h^-¹

Fig.3 XRD patterns of Cu–Ni/g-Al₂O₃ catalysts calcined at (a) 300, (b) 400, (c) 500, and (d) 600℃ for 5 h

Fig.4 HCN removal efficiencies at different H₂O/HCN volume ratios. Reaction conditions: reaction temperature: 200℃; calcination temperature: 400℃; GHSV: 36000 h^-¹

Fig.5 HCN removal efficiencies at different reaction temperatures. Reaction conditions: calcination temperature: 400℃; H₂O/HCN volume ratio: 150; GHSV: 36000 h^-¹

Fig.6 HCN removal efficiencies in the presence of CO or O₂. Reaction conditions: calcination temperature: 400℃; reaction temperature: 200℃; H₂O/HCN volume ratio: 150; GHSV: 36000 h^-¹

Fig.7 Outlet concentrations of HCN, NH₃, and NO_x at different reaction temperatures under (a) a N₂ atmosphere, (b) an O₂ atmosphere, and (c) a CO atmosphere

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