Theoretical and technological exploration of deep in situ fluidized coal mining
Heping XIE1(), Yang JU2, Shihua REN3, Feng GAO4, Jianzhong LIU5, Yan ZHU6
1. Institute of Deep Underground Science and Green Energy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Institute of Clean Energy, Shenzhen 518060, China; Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China 2. State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; Frontier Scientific Research Centre for Fluidlized Mining of Deep Underground Resources, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221006, China 3. State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; China Coal Research Institute, Beijing 100013, China 4. State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221006, China 5. China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China 6. State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
Mining industries worldwide have inevitably resorted to exploiting resources from the deep underground. However, traditional mining methods can cause various problems, e.g., considerable mining difficulty, environmental degradations, and frequent disastrous accidents. To exploit deep resources in the future, the concept of mining must be reconsidered and innovative new theories, methods, and technologies must be applied. To effectively acquire coal resources deeper than 2000 m, new theoretical and technological concepts about deep in situ fluidized mining are required. The limits of mining depth need to be broken to acquire deep-coal resources in an environmentally friendly, safe, and efficient manner. This is characterized by ‘There are no coal on the ground and no men in the coal mine’. First, this paper systematically explains deep in situ fluidized coal mining. Then, it presents a new theoretical concept, including the theories of mining-induced rock mechanics, three-field visualization, multi-physics coupling for in situ transformation, and in situ mining, transformation and transport. It also presents key technological concepts, including those of intelligent, unmanned, and fluidized mining. Finally, this paper presents a strategic roadmap for deep in situ fluidized coal mining. In summary, this paper develops new theoretical and technological systems for accomplishing groundbreaking innovations in mining technologies of coal resources in the deep underground.
W Qi, J Zhang, N Zhou, Z Wu, J Zhang. Mechanism by which backfill body reduces amount of energy released in deep coal mining. Shock and Vibration, 2019, 8253269 https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8253269
2
C Li, Y Guan, X Wang, G Li, C Zhou, Y Xun. Experimental and numerical studies on heat transfer characteristics of vertical deep-buried U-bend pipe to supply heat in buildings with geothermal energy. Energy, 2018, 142: 689–701 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.10.056
3
H Xie, H Zhou, D Xu, H Wang, R Zhang, F Gao. Research and consideration on deep coal mining and critical mining depth. Journal of China Coal Society, 2012, 37(04): 535–542 (in Chinese)
4
H Xie, F Gao, Y Ju, M Gao, R Zhang, Y Gao, J Liu, L Xie. Quantitative definition and investigation of deep mining. Journal of China Coal Society, 2015, (01): 1–10 (in Chinese)
5
H Xie, F Gao, Y Ju. Research and development of rock mechanics in deep ground engineering. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2015, (11): 2161–2178 (in Chinese)
6
H Xie, H Zhou, J Liu, F Gao, R Zhang, D Xu, Y Zhang. Mining-induced mechanical behavior in coal seams under different mining layouts. Journal of China Coal Society, 2011, (07):1067–1074 (in Chinese)
7
H Xie, F Gao, Y Ju, S Ge, G Wang, R Zhang, M Gao, G Wu, J Liu. Theoretical and technological conception of the fluidization mining for deep coal resources. Journal of China Coal Society, 2017, 42(03): 547–556 (in Chinese)
8
H Xie, Y Ju, F Gao, M Gao, R Zhang. Groundbreaking theoretical and technical conceptualization of fluidized mining of deep underground solid mineral resources. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2017, 67: 68–70 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2017.04.021
9
H Xie, Y Ju, M Gao, F Gao, J Liu, H Ren, S Ge. Theories and technologies for in situ fluidized mining of deep underground coal resources. Journal of China Coal Society, 2018, 43(05): 1210–1219 (in Chinese)
10
H Xie, J Wang, Y Ju, J Liu. Coal Industry Reform: Strategies and Directions. Beijing: Science Press, 2018 (in Chinese)
11
H Xie, F Gao, Y Ju, R Zhang, M Gao, J Deng. Novel idea and disruptive technologies for the exploration and research of deep earth. Advanced Engineering Sciences, 2017, (01): 1–8 (in Chinese)
12
H Zhou, H Xie, J Zuo. Developments in researches on mechanical behaviors of rocks under the condition of high ground pressure in the depths. Advances in Mechanics, 2005, (01): 91–99 (in Chinese)
13
H Xie, Z Zhang, F Gao, R Zhang, M Gao, J Liu. Stress-fracture-seepage field behavior of coal under different mining layouts. Journal of China Coal Society, 2016, (10): 2405–2417 (in Chinese)
14
Y Ju, J Zheng, M Epstein, L Sudak, J Wang, X Zhao. 3D numerical reconstruction of well-connected porous structure of rock using fractal algorithms. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 2014, 279: 212–226 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2014.06.035
15
Y Ju, L Wang, H Xie, G Ma, Z Zheng, L Mao. Visualization and transparentization of the structure and stress field of aggregated geomaterials through 3D printing and photoelastic techniques. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 2017, 50(6): 1383–1407 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-017-1171-9
16
R Wu. Coal Gasification. Xuzhou: China University of Mining and Technology Press, 1989 (in Chinese)
17
J Ling, L Yu. Underground coal gasification by the new technique of “long passage with large cross section”. China Coal, 2002, (12): 10–12 (in Chinese)
