1. EMS Energy Institute, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, and Department of Energy & Mineral Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA 2. Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China 3. East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
A series of Al2O3 and CeO2 modified MgO sorbents was prepared and studied for CO2 sorption at moderate temperatures. The CO2 sorption capacity of MgO was enhanced with the addition of either Al2O3 or CeO2. Over Al2O3-MgO sorbents, the best capacity of 24.6 mg-CO2/g-sorbent was attained at 100 °C, which was 61% higher than that of MgO (15.3 mg-CO2/g-sorbent). The highest capacity of 35.3 mg-CO2/g-sorbent was obtained over the CeO2-MgO sorbents at the optimal temperature of 200 °C. Combining with the characterization results, we conclude that the promotion effect on CO2 sorption with the addition of Al2O3 and CeO2 can be attributed to the increased surface area with reduced MgO crystallite size. Moreover, the addition of CeO2 increased the basicity of MgO phase, resulting in more increase in the CO2 capacity than Al2O3 promoter. Both the Al2O3-MgO and CeO2-MgO sorbents exhibited better cyclic stability than MgO over the course of fifteen CO2 sorption-desorption cycles. Compared to Al2O3, CeO2 is more effective for promoting the CO2 capacity of MgO. To enhance the CO2 capacity of MgO sorbent, increasing the basicity is more effective than the increase in the surface area.
Williams J H, DeBenedictis A, Ghanadan R, Mahone A, Moore J, Morrow W R, Price S, Torn M S. The technology path to deep greenhouse gas emissions cuts by 2050: The pivotal role of electricity. Science, 2012, 335(6064): 53–59 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1208365
2
Ma X L, Wang X X, Song C S. “Molecular basket” sorbents for separation of CO2 and H2S from various gas streams. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2009, 131(16): 5777–5783 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja8074105
3
Song C S. Global challenges and strategies for control, conversion and utilization of CO2 for sustainable development involving energy, catalysis, adsorption and chemical processing. Catalysis Today, 2006, 115(1-4): 2–32 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2006.02.029
4
Sema T, Naami A, Liang Z W, Shi H C, Layer A V, Sumon K Z, Wattanaphan P, Henni A, Idem R, Saiwan C, Tontiwachwuthikul P. Part 5b: Solvent chemistry: Reaction kinetics of CO2 absorption into reactive amine solutions. Carbon Management, 2012, 3(2): 201–220 https://doi.org/10.4155/cmt.12.13
5
Wilson M, Tontiwachwuthikul P, Chakma A, Idem R, Veawab A, Aroonwilas A, Gelowitz D, Barrie J, Mariz C. Test results from a CO2 extraction pilot plant at boundary dam coal-fired power station. Energy, 2004, 29(9-10): 1259–1267 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2004.03.085
Aaron D, Tsouris C. Separation of CO2 from flue gas: A review. Separation Science and Technology, 2005, 40(1-3): 321–348 https://doi.org/10.1081/SS-200042244
8
Meratla Z. Combining cryogenic flue gas emission remediation with a CO2/O2 combustion cycle. Energy Conversion and Management, 1997, 38: S147–S152 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0196-8904(96)00261-0
9
D’Alessandro D M, Smit B, Long J R. Carbon dioxide capture: Prospects for new materials. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2010, 49(35): 6058–6082 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201000431
10
Sevilla M, Fuertes A B. CO2 adsorption by activated templated carbons. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2012, 366(1): 147–154 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2011.09.038
11
Chen Z H, Deng S B, Wei H R, Wang B, Huang J, Yu G. Activated carbons and amine-modified materials for carbon dioxide capture—a review. Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering, 2013, 7(3): 326–340 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-013-0510-7
12
Du T, Liu L Y, Xiao P, Che S, Wang H M. Preparation of zeolite NaA for CO2 capture from nickel laterite residue. International Journal of Minerals Metallurgy and Materials, 2014, 21: 820–825
13
Torrisi A, Bell R G, Mellot-Draznieks C. Functionalized MOFs for enhanced CO2 capture. Crystal Growth & Design, 2010, 10(7): 2839–2841 https://doi.org/10.1021/cg100646e
14
Gonzalez-Zamora E, Ibrra I A. CO2 capture under humid conditions in metal-organic frameworks. Materials Chemistry Frontiers, 2017, 1(8): 1471–1484 https://doi.org/10.1039/C6QM00301J
15
Razavi S S, Hashemianzadeh S M, Karimi H. Modeling the adsorptive selectivity of carbon nanotubes for effective separation of CO2/N2 mixtures. Journal of Molecular Modeling, 2011, 17(5): 1163–1172 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00894-010-0810-9
16
Simmons J M, Wu H, Zhou W, Yildirim T. Carbon capture in metal-organic frameworks—a comparative study. Energy & Environmental Science, 2011, 4(6): 2177–2185 https://doi.org/10.1039/c0ee00700e
17
Xu X C, Song C S, Andresen J M, Miller B G, Scaroni A W. Novel polyethylenimine-modified mesoporous molecular sieve of MCM-41 type as high-capacity adsorbent for CO2 capture. Energy & Fuels, 2002, 16(6): 1463–1469 https://doi.org/10.1021/ef020058u
18
Choi S, Drese J H, Jones C W. Adsorbent materials for carbon dioxide capture from large anthropogenic point sources. ChemSusChem, 2009, 2(9): 796–854 https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.200900036
19
Darunte L A, Walton K S, Sholl D S, Jones C W. CO2 capture via adsorption in amine-functionalized sorbents. Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering, 2016, 12: 82–90 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coche.2016.03.002
20
Sayari A, Heydari-Gorji A, Yang Y. CO2-induced degradation of amine-containing adsorbents: Reaction products and pathways. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2012, 134(33): 13834–13842 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja304888a
21
Sayari A, Belmabkhout Y. Stabilization of amine-containing CO2 adsorbents: Dramatic effect of water vapor. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2010, 132(18): 6312–6314 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja1013773
22
Wang K, Wang X Y, Zhao P F, Guo X. High-temperature capture of CO2 on lithium-based sorbents prepared by a water-based sol-gel technique. Chemical Engineering & Technology, 2014, 37(9): 1552–1558 https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.201300584
23
Chen H C, Zhang P P, Duan Y F, Zhao C S. Reactivity enhancement of calcium based sorbents by doped with metal oxides through the sol-gel process. Applied Energy, 2016, 162: 390–400 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.10.035
24
Wang S P, Fan S S, Zhao Y J, Fan L J, Liu S Y, Ma X B. Carbonation condition and modeling studies of calcium-based sorbent in the fixed-bed reactor. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2014, 53(25): 10457–10464 https://doi.org/10.1021/ie500789g
25
Zhao Y, Han Y H, Ma T Z, Guo T X. Simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification from flue gas by ferrate(VI). Environmental Science & Technology, 2011, 45(9): 4060–4065 https://doi.org/10.1021/es103857g
26
Wang M, Lawal A, Stephenson P, Sidders J, Ramshaw C. Post-combustion CO2 capture with chemical absorption: A state-of-the-art review. Chemical Engineering Research & Design, 2011, 89(9): 1609–1624 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2010.11.005
27
Liu M Y, Vogt C, Chaffee A L, Chang S L Y. Nanoscale structural investigation of Cs2CO3-doped MgO sorbent for CO2 capture at moderate temperature. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2013, 117(34): 17514–17520 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp4024316
28
Li Y Y, Han K K, Lin W G, Wan M M, Wang Y, Zhu J H. Fabrication of a new MgO/C sorbent for CO2 capture at elevated temperature. Journal of Materials Chemistry. A, Materials for Energy and Sustainability, 2013, 1(41): 12919–12925 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ta12261a
29
Liu W J, Jiang H, Tian K, Ding Y W, Yu H Q. Mesoporous carbon stabilized MgO nanoparticles synthesized by pyrolysis of MgCl2 preloaded waste biomass for highly efficient CO2 capture. Environmental Science & Technology, 2013, 47(16): 9397–9403 https://doi.org/10.1021/es401286p
30
Zukal A, Pastva J, Cejka J. MgO-modified mesoporous silicas impregnated by potassium carbonate for carbon dioxide adsorption. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2013, 167: 44–50 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2012.05.026
31
Li L, Wen X, Fu X, Wang F, Zhao N, Xiao F K, Wei W, Sun Y H. MgO/Al2O3 sorbent for CO2 capture. Energy & Fuels, 2010, 24(10): 5773–5780 https://doi.org/10.1021/ef100817f
32
Bhagiyalakshmi M, Lee J Y, Jang H T. Synthesis of mesoporous magnesium oxide: Its application to CO2 chemisorption. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2010, 4(1): 51–56 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2009.08.001
33
Bian S W, Baltrusaitis J, Galhotra P, Grassian V H. A template-free, thermal decomposition method to synthesize mesoporous MgO with a nanocrystalline framework and its application in carbon dioxide adsorption. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2010, 20(39): 8705–8710 https://doi.org/10.1039/c0jm01261k
34
Jeon H, Min Y J, Ahn S H, Hong S-M, Shin J-S, Kim J H, Lee K B. Graft copolymer templated synthesis of mesoporous MgO/TiO2 mixed oxide nanoparticles and their CO2 adsorption capacities. Colloids and Surfaces a-Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2012, 414: 75–81
35
She L, Li J, Wan Y, Yao X D, Tu B, Zhao D Y. Synthesis of ordered mesoporous MgO/carbon composites by a one-pot assembly of amphiphilic triblock copolymers. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2011, 21(3): 795–800 https://doi.org/10.1039/C0JM02226H
36
Wang Q A, Luo J Z, Zhong Z Y, Borgna A. CO2 capture by solid adsorbents and their applications: Current status and new trends. Energy & Environmental Science, 2011, 4(1): 42–55 https://doi.org/10.1039/C0EE00064G
37
Lee S C, Chae H J, Lee S J, Choi B Y, Yi C K, Lee J B, Ryu C K, Kim J C. Development of regenerable MgO-based sorbent promoted with K2CO3 for CO2 capture at low temperatures. Environmental Science & Technology, 2008, 42(8): 2736–2741 https://doi.org/10.1021/es702693c
38
Xiao G K, Singh R, Chaffee A, Webley P. Advanced adsorbents based on MgO and K2CO3 for capture of CO2 at elevated temperatures. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2011, 5(4): 634–639 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2011.04.002
39
Zhang K L, Li X H S, Duan Y H, King D L, Singh P, Li L Y. Roles of double salt formation and NaNO3 in Na2CO3-promoted MgO absorbent for intermediate temperature CO2 removal. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2013, 12: 351–358 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2012.11.013
40
Lee S C, Choi B Y, Lee T J, Ryu C K, Soo Y S, Kim J C. CO2 absorption and regeneration of alkali metal-based solid sorbents. Catalysis Today, 2006, 111(3-4): 385–390 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2005.10.051
41
Kim K, Han J W, Lee K S, Lee W B. Promoting alkali and alkaline-earth metals on MgO for enhancing CO2 capture by first-principles calculations. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2014, 16(45): 24818–24823 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CP03809F
42
Watanabe S, Ma X L, Song C S. Characterization of structural and surface properties of nanocrystalline TiO2-CeO2 mixed oxides by XRD, XPS, TPR, and TPD. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2009, 113(32): 14249–14257 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp8110309
43
Han K K, Zhou Y, Chun Y, Zhu J H. Efficient MgO-based mesoporous CO2 trapper and its performance at high temperature. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2012, 203: 341–347 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.12.036
44
Yong Z, Mata V, Rodriguez A E. Adsorption of carbon dioxide onto hydrotalcite-like compounds (HTlcs) at high temperatures. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2001, 40(1): 204–209 https://doi.org/10.1021/ie000238w
45
Wang Q, Tay H H, Guo Z, Chen L, Liu Y, Chang J, Zhong Z, Luo J, Borgna A. Morphology and composition controllable synthesis of Mg-Al-CO3 hydrotalcites by tuning the synthesis pH and the CO2 capture capacity. Applied Clay Science, 2012, 55: 18–26 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2011.07.024
46
Li B, Wen X, Zhao N, Wang X Z, Wei W, Sun Y H, Ren Z H, Wang Z J. Preparation of high stability MgO-ZrO2 solid base and its high temperature CO2 capture properties. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, 2010, 38: 473–477
47
Kruk M, Jaroniec M. Gas adsorption characterization of ordered organic-inorganic nanocomposite materials. Chemistry of Materials, 2001, 13(10): 3169–3183 https://doi.org/10.1021/cm0101069
48
Klug H P, Alexander L E. X-ray Diffraction Procedures for Polycrystalline and Amorphous Materials. New York: Wiley, 1954
49
Zukal A, Kubů M, Pastva J.Two-dimensional zeolites: Adsorption of carbon dioxide on pristine materials and on materials modified by magnesium oxide. Journal of CO2 Utilization, 2017, 21: 9–16
50
Pirngruber G D, Raybaud P, Belmabkhout Y, Cejka J, Zukal A. The role of the extra-framework cations in the adsorption of CO2 on faujasite Y. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2010, 12(41): 13534–13546 https://doi.org/10.1039/b927476f
51
Park D H, Lakhi K S, Ramadass K, Kim M K, Talapaneni S N, Joseph S, Ravon U, Al-Bahily K, Vinu A. Energy efficient synthesis of ordered mesoporous carbon nitrides with a high nitrogen content and enhanced CO2 capture capacity. Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 2017, 23(45): 10753–10757 https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201702566