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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering

ISSN 2095-0179

ISSN 2095-0187(Online)

CN 11-5981/TQ

邮发代号 80-969

2019 Impact Factor: 3.552

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering  2021, Vol. 15 Issue (4): 820-836   https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-020-1997-7
  本期目录
Recent progress in the design and fabrication of MXene-based membranes
Kai Qu1, Kang Huang2(), Zhi Xu1()
1. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
 全文: PDF(4566 KB)   HTML
Abstract：

Two-dimensional membranes have attracted significant attention due to their superior characteristics, and their ability to boost both flux and selectivity have led to their reputation as potential next-generation separation membranes. Among them, emerging MXene-based membranes play significant roles in the competitive membrane-separation field. In this mini-review, we systematically discuss the assembly and separation mechanisms of these membranes. Moreover, we highlight strategies based on the crosslinking of MXene nanosheets and the construction of additional nanochannels that further enhance the permeabilities and anti-swelling properties of MXene-based membranes and meet the requirements of practical applications, such as gas-molecule sieving, ion sieving, and other small-molecule sieving. MXene nanosheets can also be used as additives that introduce specific functionalities into hybrid membranes. In addition, extended applications that use MXenes as scaffolds are also discussed.
Key words： MXene    2D materials    membranes    separation
收稿日期: 2020-06-07      出版日期: 2021-06-04
Corresponding Author(s): Kang Huang,Zhi Xu   
 引用本文:   
. [J]. Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering, 2021, 15(4): 820-836.
Kai Qu, Kang Huang, Zhi Xu. Recent progress in the design and fabrication of MXene-based membranes. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2021, 15(4): 820-836.
 链接本文:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/CN/10.1007/s11705-020-1997-7
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/CN/Y2021/V15/I4/820
Fig.1  
MXene sample Methods Support Improved strategy Applications Separation performances
(water flux, ion rejection)		 Ref.
Ti3C2Tx membrane VFa) PVDFb) Ion sieving (size and charge effect) [45]
Ti3C2Tx membrane VFa) PANc) Ion sieving (PV desalination) 85.4 L?m–2?h–1, 99.5% (NaCl) [63]
Ti3C2Tx membrane VFa) Surface grafting (PDDAd)) Ion sieving (OEGe)) [55]
Ti3C2Tx membrane VFa) Cellulose acetate Ion sieving (OEGe)) [64]
Ti3C2Tx/Kevlar hybrid membrane VFa) Molecular crosslinking Ion sieving (OEGe)) [65]
Ti3C2Tx membrane VFa) Polypropylene Ion sieving [66]
Ti3C2Tx membrane VFa) Polyamide Self-crosslinking Ion sieving 0.0515 L?m–2?h–1?bar–1, 98% [57]
Ti3C2Tx membrane VFa) a-Al2O3 tubular Self-crosslinking Ion sieving 11.5 L?m–2?h–1?bar–1, 99.2% (VO2+) [53]
Ti3C2Tx/maleic acid membrane VFa) Nylon Molecular crosslinking Ion sieving 22.8 kg?m–2?h–1?bar–1,>99.7% (NaCl) [67]
Ti3C2Tx membrane VFa) PESf) Ionic crosslinking
(Al3+)		 Ion sieving 2.8 L?m–2?h–1?bar–1, 96% (NaCl) [68]
Tab.1  
MXene sample Methods Support Improved strategy Applications Separation performances Ref.
Ti3C2Tx membrane VFa) Gas molecules sieving H2 permeability: 1201 GPU, a(H2/CO2)>160 [47]
Ti3C2Tx membrane (simulation) VFa) Gas molecules sieving [69]
Ti3C2Tx membrane VFa) AAOb) Self-crosslinking Gas molecules sieving H2 permeability: 612.7 GPU, a(H2/N2): 41 [70]
Ti3C2Tx membrane (simulation) VFa) AAOb) Self-crosslinking Gas molecules sieving [71]
Ti3C2Tx membrane VFa) AAOb) Molecular crosslinking
(PEIc)/borate)		 Gas molecules sieving H2 permeability: 1584 GPU, a(H2/CO2): 27; CO2 permeability: 350 GPU, a(CO2/CH4): 15.3 [49]
Ti3C2Tx/pebax1657 hybrid membrane Dcd) PVDFe) MXene as additives Gas molecules sieving CO2 permeability: 1360 GPU, a(CO2/N2): 31 [60]
Ti3C2Tx/pebax hybrid membrane SCf) PANg) MXene as additives Gas molecules sieving CO2 permeability: 21.6 GPU, a(CO2/N2): 72.5 [72]
Ti3C2Tx membrane VFa) Nylon EtOHh) dehydration Water flux: 263.4 g?m–2?h–1, separation factor: 135.2 [73]
Ti3C2Tx/sodium alginate hybrid membrane Dcd) PANg) MXene as additives EtOHh) dehydration Water flux: 505 g?m–2?h–1, separation factor: 9946 [74]
Ti2C2Tx membrane VFa) PANg) Molecular crosslinking
(HPEIi))		 IPAj) dehydration Water flux: 1069±47 g?m–2?h–1, permeate side>99 wt-% [75]
Ti3C2Tx/chitosan hybrid membrane SCf) PANg) MXene as additives Solvent dehydration Water flux: 1.4–1.5 kg?m–2?h–1, separation factor: 1421, 4898, 906 (EtOHh), EACk), DMCl)) [76]
Ti2C2Tx membrane VFa) PANg) Molecular crosslinking
(PEIc), PDDAm), PAHn))		 IPAj) dehydration Water flux: 1237 g?m–2?h–1, separation factor: 1932 [77]
Tab.2  
MXene sample Method Support Improved strategy Applications Separation performances (flux, rejection) Ref.
Ti3C2Tx/GO membranes VFa) Nylon/cellulose acetate SMSb) 2.1, 0.3, 0.67, 0.23 L?m–2?h–1?bar–1 (H2O), 68%, 99.5%, 93.5%, 100% (MRc), MBd), Rbe), BBf)) [78]
Ti3C2Tx membrane VFa) PVDFg) Molecular crosslinking SMSb) 887 L?m–2?h–1?bar–1 (H2O),>99.4% (Oil) [52]
Ti3C2Tx membrane VFa) Commercial papers SMSb) 450 L?m–2?h–1?bar–1 (H2O),>99% (Oil) [51]
Ti3C2Tx membrane VFa) PESh) SMSb) 540 L?m–2?h–1?bar–1 (H2O), 99.94% (Oil) [48]
Ti3C2 membrane VFa) Glass fiber Li-S battery [79]
Ti3C2Tx membrane VFa) Mixed cellulose ester SMSb) 28.94±0.74 L?m–2?h–1?bar–1 (H2O), 100±0.1% (MBd)) [80]
Ti3C2Tx membrane VFa) PESh) SMSb) 115 L?m–2?h–1?bar–1 (H2O), 92.3% (CRi)) [81]
Ti3C2Tx membrane VFa) Nylon Wrinkles construction SMSb) 70, 64, 61 L?m–2?h–1?bar–1 (H2O), 76.4%, 67.7%, 84.3% (AY14j), EYk), EBl)) [58]
Ag@Ti3C2Tx membrane VFa) PVDFg) NPs intercalation SMSb) 387.05, 354.29, 345.81 L?m–2?h–1?bar–1 (H2O), 79.93%, 92.32%, 100% (RBm), MGn), BSAo)) [59]
Ti3C2Tx membrane VFa) AAOp) Template sacrifice method SMSb) >1000 L?m–2?h–1?bar–1 (H2O),>90% (size large than 2.5 nm) [46]
TiO2-Ti3C2Tx membrane DCq) Hollow fiber 2D scaffolds SMSb) 90 L?m–2?h–1?bar–1 (H2O),>22000 Da (dextran) [62]
TiO2-Ti3C2Tx membrane DCq) Hollow fiber 2D scaffolds SMSb) 102 L?m–2?h–1?bar–1 (H2O), 14854 Da (dextran) [82]
Ti3C2Tx/PANr) hybrid membrane ESs) MXene as additives SMSb) Pressure drop: 42 Pa, 99.7% (PM2.5) [83]
Ti3C2Tx/GO membrane VFa) Nylon SMSb) 21.02, 48.32, 25.03, 10.76, 6.18 L?m–2?h–1?bar–1 (H2O, CPt), MeOHu), EtOHv), IPAw)),>90% [23]
Ti3C2Tx membrane VFa) Nylon Surface grafting SMSb) 3337, 3018 L?m–2?h–1?bar–1 (ACNx), MeOHu)),>92%, (MBd)) [54]
Ti3C2Tx/(PEIy)/PDMSz)) hybrid membrane Dca1) PANr) Modified MXene as additives SMSb) PEIy) membrane: 2.6, 0.3 L?m–2?h–1?bar–1 (IPAw), N/Aa1)), 96%, 800 Da (PEGb1), 10 bar); PDMSz) membrane: 0.3, 1.5 L?m–2?h–1?bar–1 (IPAw), N/Aa1)), 97%, 800 Da (PEGb1), 10 bar) [61]
Ti3C2Tx/(PEIy)/PDMSz)) hybrid membrane Dca1) PANr) MXene as additives SMSb) PEIy) membrane: 25.8, 19.1, 15.1, 6.4 L?m–2?h–1?bar–1 (IPAw), EACc1), MEKd1), N/Ae1)), 200 Da; PDMSz) membrane: 19.8, 14.9 L?m–2?h–1?bar–1 (TLf1), EACc1)), 320 Da [84]
Ti3C2Tx/P84g1) hybrid membrane PIh1) MXene as additives SMSb) 268 L?m–2?h–1?bar–1 (H2O), 408 Da (GVi1)) [85]
RGOj1)/PDAk1)/MXene hybrid membrane VFa) Nylon SMSb) >200 L?m–2?h–1?bar–1 (H2O),>96% (MBd), MOl1), MRc), CRi), EBl))
Tab.3  
Fig.2  
Fig.3  
Fig.4  
Fig.5  
Fig.6  
Fig.7  
Fig.8  
Fig.9  
Fig.10  
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