Insights into influence of aging processes on zero-valent iron modified biochar in copper(II) immobilization: from batch solution to pilot-scale investigation
1. School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China 2. Yunnan Key Laboratory of Rural Energy Engineering, Kunming 650500, China
The zero-valent iron modified biochar materials are widely employed for heavy metals immobilization. However, these materials would be inevitably aged by natural forces after entering into the environment, while there are seldom studies reported the aging effects of zero-valent iron modified biochar. In this work, the hydrogen peroxide and hydrochloric acid solution were applied to simulate aging conditions of zero-valent iron modified biochar. According to the results, the adsorption capacity of copper(II) contaminants on biochar, zero-valent iron modified biochar-1, and zero-valent iron modified biochar-2 after aging was decreased by 15.36%, 22.65% and 23.26%, respectively. The surface interactions were assigned with chemisorption occurred on multi-molecular layers, which were proved by the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models. After aging, the decreasing of capacity could be mainly attributed to the inhibition of ion-exchange and zero-valent iron oxidation. Moreover, the plant growth and soil leaching experiments also proved the effects of aging treatment, the zero-valent iron modified biochar reduced the inhibition of copper(II) bioavailability and increased the mobility of copper(II) after aging. All these results bridged the gaps between bio-adsorbents customization and their environmental behaviors during practical agro-industrial application.
. [J]. Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering, 2023, 17(7): 880-892.
Huabin Wang, Dingxiang Chen, Yi Wen, Ting Cui, Ying Liu, Yong Zhang, Rui Xu. Insights into influence of aging processes on zero-valent iron modified biochar in copper(II) immobilization: from batch solution to pilot-scale investigation. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2023, 17(7): 880-892.
C Peng, K Zhang, M E Wang, X X Wan, W P Chen. Estimation of the accumulation rates and health risks of heavy metals in residential soils of three metropolitan cities in China. Journal of Environmental Sciences (China), 2022, 115: 149–161 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2021.07.008
2
T T Xiong, C Dumat, V Dappe, H Vezin, E Schreck, M Shahid, A Pierart, S Sobanska. Copper oxide nanoparticle foliar uptake, phytotoxicity, and consequences for sustainable urban agriculture. Environmental Science & Technology, 2017, 51(9): 5242–5251 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b05546
3
Y Liu, D Wang, M Xue, R Song, Y Zhang, G Qu, T Wang. High-efficient decomplexation of Cu-EDTA and Cu removal by high-frequency non-thermal plasma oxidation/alkaline precipitation. Separation and Purification Technology, 2021, 257: 117885 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117885
4
X Y Zhang, P Bowyer, G R Scollary, A C Clark, N Kontoudakis. Sulfide-bound copper removal from red and white wine using membrane and depth filters: Impacts of oxygen, H2S-to-Cu ratios, diatomaceous earth and wine volume. Food Chemistry, 2022, 377: 131758 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131758
5
K Mazumdar, S Das. Phytoremediation of soil treated with metalliferous leachate from an abandoned industrial site by alternanthera sessilis and Ipomoea aquatica: metal extraction and biochemical responses. Ecological Engineering, 2021, 170: 106349 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2021.106349
6
D T Dou, D L Wei, X Guan, Z J Liang, L H Lan, X D Lan, P R Liu, H Q Mo, P Lan. Adsorption of copper(II) and cadmium(II) ions by in situ doped nano-calcium carbonate high-intensity chitin hydrogels. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2022, 423: 127137 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127137
7
M Cai, J Zeng, Y Z Chen, P He, F Chen, X Wang, J Y Liang, C Y Gu, D L Huang, K Zhang, M Gan, J Zhu. An efficient, economical, and easy mass production biochar supported zero-valent iron composite derived from direct-reduction natural goethite for Cu(II) and Cr(VI) remove. Chemosphere, 2021, 285: 131539 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131539
8
A Kumar, E Singh, R Mishra, S Kumar. Biochar as environmental armour and its diverse role towards protecting soil, water and air. Science of the Total Environment, 2022, 806: 150444 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150444
9
L Zhou, Z Li, Y Q Yi, E P Tsang, Z Q Fang. Increasing the electron selectivity of nanoscale zero-valent iron in environmental remediation: a review. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2022, 421: 126709 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126709
10
S Ahmad, X Liu, J Tang, S Zhang. Biochar-supported nanosized zero-valent iron (nZVI/BC) composites for removal of nitro and chlorinated contaminants. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2022, 431: 133187 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.133187
11
H Wang, J Cai, Z Liao, A Jawad, J Ifthikar, Z Chen, Z Chen. Black liquor as biomass feedstock to prepare zero-valent iron embedded biochar with red mud for Cr(VI) removal: mechanisms insights and engineering practicality. Bioresource Technology, 2020, 311: 123553 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123553
12
F Yang, S Zhang, Y Sun, K Cheng, J Li, D C W Tsang. Fabrication and characterization of hydrophilic corn stalk biochar-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron composites for efficient metal removal. Bioresource Technology, 2018, 265: 490–497 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.029
13
L W Wang, D O’Connor, J Rinklebe, Y S Ok, D C W Tsang, Z T Shen, D Y Hou. Biochar aging: mechanisms, physicochemical changes, assessment, and implications for field applications. Environmental Science & Technology, 2020, 54(23): 14797–14814 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c04033
14
R Hou, L Wang, Z Shen, D S Alessi, D Hou. Simultaneous reduction and immobilization of Cr(VI) in seasonally frozen areas: remediation mechanisms and the role of ageing. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2021, 415: 125650 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125650
15
Z Y Luo, J Y Zhu, L Yu, K Yin. Heavy metal remediation by nano zero-valent iron in the presence of microplastics in groundwater: inhibition and induced promotion on aging effects. Environmental Pollution, 2021, 287: 117628 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117628
16
C Q Wang, R Huang, R R Sun. Green one-spot synthesis of hydrochar supported zero-valent iron for heterogeneous fenton-like discoloration of dyes at neutral pH. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2020, 320: 114421 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114421
17
Y Su, Y Wen, W Yang, X Zhang, M Xia, N Zhou, Y Xiong, Z Zhou. The mechanism transformation of ramie biochar’s cadmium adsorption by aging. Bioresource Technology, 2021, 330: 124947 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124947
18
Y Liu, L Wang, X Wang, F Jing, R Chang, J Chen. Oxidative ageing of biochar and hydrochar alleviating competitive sorption of Cd(II) and Cu(II). Science of the Total Environment, 2020, 725: 138419 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138419
19
T Nie, P Hao, Z Zhao, W Zhou, L Zhu. Effect of oxidation-induced aging on the adsorption and co-adsorption of tetracycline and Cu2+ onto biochar. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 673: 522–532 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.089
20
F Jing, Y Liu, J Chen. Insights into effects of ageing processes on Cd-adsorbed biochar stability and subsequent sorption performance. Environmental Pollution, 2021, 291: 118243 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118243
21
X L Dong, G T Li, Q M Lin, X R Zhao. Quantity and quality changes of biochar aged for 5 years in soil under field conditions. Catena, 2017, 159: 136–143 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2017.08.008
22
X F Zhang, C M Navarathna, W Q Leng, T Karunaratne, R Thirumalai, Y Kim, C U Jr Pittman, T Mlsna, Z Y Cai, J L Zhang. Lignin-based few-layered graphene-encapsulated iron nanoparticles for water remediation. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2021, 417: 129199 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.129199
23
F Yang, Y Jiang, M Dai, X Hou, C Peng. Active biochar-supported iron oxides for Cr(VI) removal from groundwater: kinetics, stability and the key role of FeO in electron-transfer mechanism. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2022, 424: 127542 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127542
24
J Liu, W Cheng, X Yang, Y Bao. Modification of biochar with silicon by one-step sintering and understanding of adsorption mechanism on copper ions. Science of the Total Environment, 2020, 704: 135252 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135252
25
A L Zhang, X Li, J Xing, G R Xu. Adsorption of potentially toxic elements in water by modified biochar: a review. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2020, 8(4): 104196 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2020.104196
26
Y Hua, X B Zheng, L H Xue, L F Han, S Y He, T Mishra, Y F Feng, L Z Yang, B S Xing. Microbial aging of hydrochar as a way to increase cadmium ion adsorption capacity: process and mechanism. Bioresource Technology, 2020, 300: 122708 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122708
27
X Zhang, H Yao, X B Lei, Q Y Lian, W E Holmes, L Fei, M E Zappi, D D Gang. Synergistic adsorption and degradation of sulfamethoxazole from synthetic urine by hickory-sawdust-derived biochar: the critical role of the aromatic structure. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2021, 418: 126366 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126366
28
Y Shen, J Z Guo, L Q Bai, X Q Chen, B Li. High effective adsorption of Pb(II) from solution by biochar derived from torrefaction of ammonium persulphate pretreated bamboo. Bioresource Technology, 2021, 323: 124616 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124616
29
H B Kim, J G Kim, T Kim, D S Alessi, K Baek. Interaction of biochar stability and abiotic aging: influences of pyrolysis reaction medium and temperature. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2021, 411: 128441 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.128441
30
H Xu, M X Gao, X Hu, Y H Chen, Y Li, X Y Xu, R Q Zhang, X Yang, C F Tang, X J Hu. A novel preparation of S-nZVI and its high efficient removal of Cr(VI) in aqueous solution. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2021, 416: 125924 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125924
31
Q Nan, S Hu, Y Qin, W Wu. Methane oxidation activity inhibition via high amount aged biochar application in paddy soil. Science of the Total Environment, 2021, 796: 149050 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149050
32
C Q Wang, H Wang, Y J Cao. Pb(II) sorption by biochar derived from cinnamomum camphora and its improvement with ultrasound-assisted alkali activation. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2018, 556: 177–184
33
J H Zhang, Z Y Cheng, X G Yang, J Q Luo, H Z Li, H M Chen, Q Zhang, J X Li. Mediating the reactivity and selectivity of nanoscale zerovalent iron toward nitrobenzene under porous carbon confinement. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2020, 393: 124779 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.124779
34
D Huang, Z Hu, Z Peng, G Zeng, G Chen, C Zhang, M Cheng, J Wan, X Wang, X Qin. Cadmium immobilization in river sediment using stabilized nanoscale zero-valent iron with enhanced transport by polysaccharide coating. Journal of Environmental Management, 2018, 210: 191–200 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.01.001
35
S Li, F Yang, J Li, K Cheng. Porous biochar-nanoscale zero-valent iron composites: synthesis, characterization and application for lead ion removal. Science of the Total Environment, 2020, 746: 141037 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141037
F X Dong, L Yan, X H Zhou, S T Huang, J Y Liang, W X Zhang, Z W Guo, P R Guo, W Qian, L J Kong, W Chu, Z H Diao. Simultaneous adsorption of Cr(VI) and phenol by biochar-based iron oxide composites in water: performance, kinetics and mechanism. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2021, 416: 125930 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125930
38
J Liu, W Chen, X Hu, H Wang, Y Zou, Q He, J Ma, C Liu, Y Chen, X Huangfu. Effects of MnO2 crystal structure on the sorption and oxidative reactivity toward thallium(I). Chemical Engineering Journal, 2021, 416: 127919 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.127919
39
Y Xie, G Zhou, X Huang, X Cao, A Ye, Y Deng, J Zhang, C Lin, R Zhang. Study on the physicochemical properties changes of field aging biochar and its effects on the immobilization mechanism for Cd2+ and Pb2+. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2022, 230: 113107 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113107
40
J Liu, W Cheng, X Yang, Y Bao. Modification of biochar with silicon by one-step sintering and understanding of adsorption mechanism on copper ions. Science of the Total Environment, 2020, 704: 135252 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135252
41
J Xiao, R Hu, G C Chen, B S Xing. Facile synthesis of multifunctional bone biochar composites decorated with Fe/Mn oxide micro-nanoparticles: physicochemical properties, heavy metals sorption behavior and mechanism. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2020, 399: 123067 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123067
42
A L Zhang, X Li, J Xing, G R Xu. Adsorption of potentially toxic elements in water by modified biochar: a review. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2020, 8(4): 10419 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2020.104196
43
A Li, W Ge, L Liu, Y Zhang, G Qiu. Synthesis and application of amine-functionalized MgFe2O4-biochar for the adsorption and immobilization of Cd(II) and Pb(II). Chemical Engineering Journal, 2022, 439: 135785 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2022.135785
44
Z Meng, S Huang, Z Lin. Effects of modification and co-aging with soils on Cd(II) adsorption behaviors and quantitative mechanisms by biochar. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 2022, 29(4): 1–14 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-18637-w
45
Y Zhang, S Nie, M Nie, C Yan, L Qiu, L Wu, M Ding. Remediation of sulfathiazole contaminated soil by peroxymonosulfate: performance, mechanism and phytotoxicity. Science of the Total Environment, 2022, 830: 154839 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154839
