With the accelerated urbanization in China, passenger demand has dramatically increased in large cities, and traffic congestion has become serious in recent years. Developing public urban rail transit systems is an indispensable approach to overcome these problems. However, the high energy consumption of daily operations is an emerging issue due to increased rail transit networks and passenger demands. Thus, reducing the energy consumption and operational cost by using advanced optimization methodologies is an urgent task for operation managers. This work systematically introduces energy-saving approaches for urban rail transit systems in three aspects, namely, train speed profile optimization, utilization of regenerative energy, and integrated optimization of train timetable and speed profile. Future research directions in this field are also proposed to meet increasing passenger demands and network-based urban rail transit systems.
Good property in energy saving High energy density
Expensive equipment cost Short battery life Environment pollution
Flywheel energy storage
Quick charge Long life Eco-friendly
Complex operation system High requirement for working environment
Super capacitor energy storage
Quick charge and discharge Long life Good property in energy saving
Expensive equipment cost
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