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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering

ISSN 2095-2201

ISSN 2095-221X(Online)

CN 10-1013/X

邮发代号 80-973

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering  2022, Vol. 16 Issue (1): 5   https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-021-1439-x
  本期目录
The road to sustainable use and waste management of plastics in Portugal
Joana C. Prata1(), Ana L. Patrício Silva2, Armando C. Duarte1, Teresa Rocha-Santos1
1. Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
2. Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Abstract：

• Portugal recycles 34% of the 40 kg/hab year of plastic packaging waste.

• Recycling of plastics in Portugal produces a final revenue of 167 €/t.

• Recycling and recovery must be the priority for imported wastes.

• Beach litter must be reduced from 330 to 20 items/100 m (94%) under EU goals.

• Consumption, use, and waste management of plastics need to improve.

As a European Union (EU) member, Portugal must comply with reductions in plastic waste. In Portugal, the 330 items/100 m of beach litter, comprising up to 3.9 million pieces and of which 88% is plastic, is higher than the EU median (149 items/100 m) and must be reduced to 20 items/100 m (94%). Integrative measures are needed to reduce littering and improve plastics’ use and disposal under the circular economy. Of this 414 kt of plastic packaging waste, 163 kt were declared plastic packaging, 140 kt subjected to recycling, and 94 kt to energy recovery. The current recycling rate of plastic packaging (34%) should be improved to reach EU recycling averages (42%) and goals and to provide widespread benefits, considering revenues of 167 €/t. As a net importer of waste, Portugal could benefit from the valorization of imported waste. Besides increased recycling, pyrolysis and gasification could provide short-term alternatives for producing value-added substances from plastic waste, such as hydrogen, consistent with the National Plan of Hydrogen and improving ongoing regulations on single-use plastics. This manuscript provides an integrative view of plastics in Portugal, from use to disposal, providing specific recommendations under the circular economy.
Key words： Single-use plastics    Plastic packaging    Plastic waste    Waste management    Waste shipment    Lightweight plastic bags
收稿日期: 2021-05-14      出版日期: 2021-10-19
Corresponding Author(s): Joana C. Prata   
 引用本文:   
. [J]. Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering, 2022, 16(1): 5.
Joana C. Prata, Ana L. Patrício Silva, Armando C. Duarte, Teresa Rocha-Santos. The road to sustainable use and waste management of plastics in Portugal. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2022, 16(1): 5.
 链接本文:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/CN/10.1007/s11783-021-1439-x
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/CN/Y2022/V16/I1/5
Fig.1  
Fig.2  
Reference Type of waste reatment Year Climate change (kg CO2-eq) Acidification (mol H+ eq) Photochemical ozone formation (kg NMVOC-eq) Abiotic depletion (kg Sb-eq) Water resource depletion (m3 H2O)
Ferrão et al., 2014 Recycling 2011 −3.3×108 −3.1×106 −1.7×106 −3.7×101 −7.3×105
Ferreira et al., 2014 Recycling 2010 5.6×106 −9.5×103 −7.9×103 2.4×103 n.a.
Ferrão et al., 2014 Plastic Recycling 2011 4.9×107 −2.4×105 −1.9×105 2.6×10−3 −2.7×104
Ferreira et al., 2014 Plastic Recycling 2010 −3.0×106 −4.2×103 −1.1×104 −4.2×103 n.a.
Ramos et al., 2018 Incineration 2015 −1.7×102 n.a. n.a. −50.1×10−6 n.a.
Tab.1  
Fig.3  
Fig.4  
Fig.5  
Fig.6  
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