Performance of vertical axis water turbine with eye-shaped baffle for pico hydropower

doi:10.1007/s11708-020-0689-9

Frontiers in Energy

2022, Vol. 16

Issue (4): 683-696 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11708-020-0689-9

本期目录

Performance of vertical axis water turbine with eye-shaped baffle for pico hydropower

Zhuohuan HU¹, Dongcheng WANG¹, Wei LU¹, Jian CHEN¹, Yuwen ZHANG²(

)

¹. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 20093, China
². Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA

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Abstract：

A series of inline pico hydropower systems, which could be used in confined space, especially for water distribution networks (WDNs), was designed and investigated. The turbine with an eye-shaped vertical water baffle was developed to evaluate the hydraulic performance. A three-dimensional dynamic mesh was employed and the inlet velocity was considered as the inlet boundary condition, whereas the outlet boundary was set as the outflow. Then, numerical simulations were conducted and the standard k-ε turbulence model was found to be the best capable of predicting flow features through the comparison with the experimental results. The effects of the opening diameter of the water baffle and installation angle of the rotor on the flow field in the turbine were investigated. The results suggested that the water baffle opening at d = 30 mm and the rotor at a 52° angle could achieve the highest efficiency of 5.93%. The proper eye-shaped baffle not only accelerates the fluid flow and generates positive hydrodynamic torque, but also eliminates the flow separation. The scheme proposed in this paper can be exploited for practical applications in the water pipelines at various conditions and power requirements.

Key words： vertical axis water turbine eye-shaped vertical water baffle pico hydropower

收稿日期: 2020-04-11 出版日期: 2022-10-21

Corresponding Author(s): Yuwen ZHANG

引用本文:

. [J]. Frontiers in Energy, 2022, 16(4): 683-696.
Zhuohuan HU, Dongcheng WANG, Wei LU, Jian CHEN, Yuwen ZHANG. Performance of vertical axis water turbine with eye-shaped baffle for pico hydropower. Front. Energy, 2022, 16(4): 683-696.

链接本文:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fie/CN/10.1007/s11708-020-0689-9
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fie/CN/Y2022/V16/I4/683

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Scheme	Number of cells	Torque/(N·m)
1	$1.50 × 106$	0.514
2	$2.90 × 106$	0.529
3	$6.70 × 106$	0.492
4	$8.00 × 106$	0.452
5	$1.30 × 107$	0.444

Tab.1

Fig.5

Fig.6

Tab.2

Fig.7

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Fig.15

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Fig.19

d	Distance between opening center and centerline/mm
D	Distance between left border of opening and centerline/mm
D_p	Pipe diameter/mm
E	Special energy available/(kJ·kg^–1)
$F ¯ i$	Average external force component/N
g	Gravitational acceleration/(m·s^–2)
H_i	Water head at inlet boundary/m
H_o	Water head at outlet boundary/m
I	Current of generator/A
k	Turbulent kinetic energy/J
L₁	Length of pipe entry section/mm
L₂	Length of pipe exit section/mm
N	Rotation speed/(r·min^–1)
P_H	High pressure/Pa
P_L	Low pressure/Pa
$p ¯$	Average pressure/Pa
Δp	Differential pressure between inlet and outlet section/Pa
P_out	Shaft power of the water turbine/W
Q	Volume flow rate/(m³·s^–1)
r	Rotor radius/m
T	Individual torque of rotor blades at shaft/(N·m)
$u ¯ i$	Averaged velocity component in i-direction/(m·s^–1)
$u ′ ¯ i$	Fluctuation velocity in i-direction/(m·s^–1)
U	Voltage of generator/V
V	Flow velocity/(m·s^–1)
Greek symbols
β	Rotor installation angle/(° )
η	Water turbine efficiency
μ	Viscosity/(Pa·s)
μ_t	Turbulent viscosity/(Pa·s)
ρ	Density of water/(kg·m^–3)
ω	Angular velocity of rotor/(rad·s^–1)
Acronym
CFD	Computational fluid dynamics
MPO	Maximum power output
PRVs	Pressure reducing valves
PAT	Pumps as turbines
RANS	Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes
SIMPLE	Semi implicit method for pressure linked equations
TWh	Terawatt hour
TSR	Tip speed ratio
WDNs	Water distribution networks

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