Advancements on metal oxide semiconductor photocatalysts in photo-electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide into fuels and other useful products

doi:10.1007/s11708-024-0939-3

Frontiers in Energy

2024, Vol. 18

Issue (2): 187-205 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11708-024-0939-3

本期目录

Advancements on metal oxide semiconductor photocatalysts in photo-electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide into fuels and other useful products

Jai PRAKASH¹(

), Zhangsen CHEN², Shakshi SAINI³, Gaixia ZHANG⁴, Shuhui SUN²(

)

¹. Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Hamirpur, Hamirpur 177005, India
². Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Varennes J3X 1P7, Canada
³. Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India
⁴. Department of Electrical Engineering, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montréal H3C 1K3, Canada

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Abstract：

Due to its fascinating and tunable optoelectronic properties, semiconductor nanomaterials are the best choices for multidisciplinary applications. Particularly, the use of semiconductor photocatalysts is one of the promising ways to harness solar energy for useful applications in the field of energy and environment. In recent years, metal oxide-based tailored semiconductor photocatalysts have extensively been used for photocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide (CO₂) into fuels and other useful products utilizing solar energy. This is very significant not only from renewable energy consumption but also from reducing global warming point of view. Such current research activities are promising for a better future of society. The present mini-review is focused on recent developments (2–3 years) in metal oxide semiconductor hybrid photocatalysts-based photo-electrochemical conversion of CO₂ into fuels and other useful products. First, general mechanism of photo-electrochemical conversion of CO₂ into fuels or other useful products has been discussed. Then, various metal oxide-based emerging hybrid photocatalysts including tailoring of their morphological, compositional, and optoelectronic properties have been discussed with emphasis on their role in enhancing photo-electrochemical efficienty. Afterwards, mechanism of their photo-electrochemical reactions and applications in CO₂ conversion into fuels/other useful products have been discussed. Finally, challenges and future prospects have been discussed followed by a summary.

Key words： metal-oxide semiconductors nanohybrid photocatalysts photo-electrochemical CO₂ conversion tailoring morphology fuels challenges and future prospects

收稿日期: 2023-11-06 出版日期: 2024-05-08

Corresponding Author(s): Jai PRAKASH,Shuhui SUN

引用本文:

. [J]. Frontiers in Energy, 2024, 18(2): 187-205.
Jai PRAKASH, Zhangsen CHEN, Shakshi SAINI, Gaixia ZHANG, Shuhui SUN. Advancements on metal oxide semiconductor photocatalysts in photo-electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide into fuels and other useful products. Front. Energy, 2024, 18(2): 187-205.

链接本文:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fie/CN/10.1007/s11708-024-0939-3
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fie/CN/Y2024/V18/I2/187

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No.	Material	Preparation method/process	Morphology	Selectivity	Faradaic efficiency	Ref.
1	Sn/TiO₂/Si	Hydrothermal & electrodeposition method	–	HCOOH	68.82%	Li et al. [51]
2	TiO₂/MPc-GDE	Molding process	–	If M = Ni, COM = Co, COM = Sn, HCOOH	98%86%48%	Kobayashi et al. [50]
3	CuBiO₄/TiO₂	Electrodeposition	Coral like NPs	CO and H₂	–	Wang et al. [56]
4	Cu₂O/Cu₂S@TiO₂	e-beam evaporator	Hierarchical structure	CO	> 81%	Guo et al. [72]
5	Cu₂O/TiO₂ nanoarrays using [Emim]BF₄	Anodic oxidation method and Electrodeposition	Spring helical structure	Ethanol	82.7%	Gao et al. [55]
6	Ti/TiO₂NT?CuP	Electrochemical anodisation and wet deposition	NTs	Methanol and ethanol	0.35 and 0.033 mmol/L	de Brito et al. [52]
7	SC-TiO₂/Carbon paper?photoanode & Cu plate dark cathode	Air-brushing method	–	Methanol and ethylene	15.3% and 46.6%	Merino-Garcia et al. [14]
8	Cu₂O/TiO₂	Galvanostatic method and atomic layer deposition	Inverted pyramidal shape	CO, HCOOH and CH₃COOH	–	Akbar et al. [54]
9	Ag?TiO₂/RGO	Hydrothermal method	–	Methanol	60.5%	Bharath et al. [57]
10	TiO₂-NT/ graphene nanoribbon (GNR)-Mwhere M = Cu, Pt, Pd	Hummers and Offeman method	TiO₂-NT	Methanol and ethanol	Depends on composition of metal	de Souza et al. [13]
11	Ag/α-Fe₂O₃ nanowire arrays	Electrodeposition	Lotus-leaf structure	Methanol	51%	Wang et al. [83]
12	ZnO?CdS?Cu nanocomposite	Hydrothermal method	Branch feature	CO and H₂	30.9% and 58.4%	Gu et al. [62]
13	Bi@ZFO NTs	Thermal polymerization and solvothermal strategy	1D rough NTs morphology of Bi@ZFO NTs	HCOOH	61.2%	Ouyang et al. [65]
14	Bi-Bi₂O₃/ZnO/p-Si	Hydrothermal method and electrochemical deposition	3D transfixion nanosheet	HCOOH	84.3%	Zhang et al. [66]
15	ZnO@ZnSe nanosheet arrays	Hydrothermal method	Porous nanosheet array film	CO	52.9%	Cai et al. [67]
16	Au coupled ZnTe/ZnO NW	Modified dissolution–recrystallization method	Tulip like morphology	CO	?	Jang et al. [63]
17	NiMoO₄/ZnO 3D core-shell nanostructure	?	Flower like nanosheet of NiMoO₄ on ZnO/C dodecahedron surface	C₂ products (ethylene glycol and ethanol)	72.6%	Cao et al. [68]
18	Cu?ZnO/GaN/n⁺-p Si	Plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy and simple wet chemical process	Nanowires	CO	70%	Chu et al. [64]
19	GO-CuFe₂O₄	Sol-gel method and modified Hummers method	CuFe₂O₄ NPs-cubic shape	Methanol	87%	Rezaul Karim et al. [86]
20	Device-ITO/RGO/ITO	?	Exfoliated 2D flake structures	?	?	Liu et al. [85]
21	CoPcS/GO-COOH	?	Layered and wrinkled structure morphologies of GO-COOH	Formate	83.9%	Nandal et al. [87]
22	BVO photoanode\|(RGO)/TiO₂ dark cathode	Modified Hummer methods and doctor blading method	?	Formaldehyde and methanol	> 95%	Kang et al. [88]
23	2D heterostructure Ag/WO₃ nanocomposites	?	1D rod-like morphology of WO₃	Formate	> 87%	Paul et al. [80]
24	Ternary composite GO/Cu_xO/BTC	Hydrothermal method	Rough and wrinkled structure of GO	Ethanol	43%	Nandal et al. [89]
25	3D Co-Pi/BiVO₄/SnO₂ NSA photoanode and C-Au/CP cathode	Hydrothermal method and sequent calcination, drop-casting, photo-assisted electrodeposition	Nanosheet array	CO and H₂	90% (for CO)	Liu et al. [90]
26	WO₃/BiVO₄ photoanode and Ag nanocube-based membrane cathode assembly	Sulfide-mediated polyol method (for cathode)	Nanocube structure	CO	?	Lu et al. [81]
27	Cl^?-doped Cu₂O/ZnO	Electrodeposition and galvanostatic method	Hexagonal-prism shaped morphology	CH₄	88.6%	Guo et al. [71]
28	CuO?MgO nanocomposite	Sol-gel method	?	CH₄ and CO	?	Sha et al. [84]
29	Ga/Cu₂O	Electrochemical deposition	Cu₂O particle-block structure	C₂₊, ethanol propanol	20%, 6.50%, 6.64%	Guo et al. [73]
30	In/Cu₂O	Electrochemical anodisation and physical vapor deposition	Slub-like Cu₂O NWs	CO	82%	Wang et al. [74]
31	A-GO/Cu₂O	Modified Hummers’ method and electrodeposition	Sharp pyramids of Cu₂O film	Methanol	69.25%	Zhong et al. [77]
32	Cu₃(BTC)₂ coated Cu₂O	Electrodeposition and solution-phase reaction	Cu₂O-sharp pyramid shape	CO	95%	Deng et al. [78]

Tab.1

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