Emergence of SARS and COVID-19 and preparedness for the next emerging disease X
Ben Hu1, Hua Guo1, Haorui Si1,2, Zhengli Shi1()
1. CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are two human coronavirus diseases emerging in this century, posing tremendous threats to public health and causing great loss to lives and economy. In this review, we retrospect the studies tracing the molecular evolution of SARS-CoV, and we sort out current research findings about the potential ancestor of SARS-CoV-2. Updated knowledge about SARS-CoV-2-like viruses found in wildlife, the animal susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2, as well as the interspecies transmission risk of SARS-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoVs) are gathered here. Finally, we discuss the strategies of how to be prepared against future outbreaks of emerging or re-emerging coronaviruses.
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