Research on the theory and application of adsorbed natural gas used in new energy vehicles: A review
Zhengwei NIE1, Yuyi LIN1(), Xiaoyi JIN2
1. Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA 2. College of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
Natural gas, whose primary constituent is methane, has been considered a convincing alternative for the growth of the energy supply worldwide. Adsorbed natural gas (ANG), the most promising methane storage method, has been an active field of study in the past two decades. ANG constitutes a safe and low-cost way to store methane for natural gas vehicles at an acceptable energy density while working at substantially low pressures (3.5–4.0 MPa), allowing for conformable store tank. This work serves to review the state-of-the-art development reported in the scientific literature on adsorbents, adsorption theories, ANG conformable tanks, and related technologies on ANG vehicles. Patent literature has also been searched and discussed. The review aims at illustrating both achievements and problems of the ANG technologies-based vehicles, as well as forecasting the development trends and critical issues to be resolved of these technologies.
. [J]. Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering, 2016, 11(3): 258-274.
Zhengwei NIE, Yuyi LIN, Xiaoyi JIN. Research on the theory and application of adsorbed natural gas used in new energy vehicles: A review. Front. Mech. Eng., 2016, 11(3): 258-274.
Cylindrical tank (2007) flat tank (2012) 3rd generation ANG tank (201x)
ALL-CRAFT (University of Missouri)
Since 2007
Laboratory investigation, adsorbent optimization, field testing
25.0
Intragranular, capability: 337 V/V; monolith capability: To be determined
?
To be determined
Cylindrical tank (2007) flat tank (2012) 3rd generation ANG tank (201x)
Brazilian Gas Technology Center (CTGAS)
Since 2000
Laboratory investigation on full-size prototype
3.5?4.0
130?150
Unknown
Unknown
Cylindrical from with volume 30 L
Tab.3
Fig.11
Fig.12
Fig.13
Adsorbent
Pore shape
Theoretical methane capacity/(mg?g−1)
Pore size/Å
Reference
Carbon (AX-21)
Slit
221
12.60
[70]
Triangular
157
–
[70]
Carbon (274 K)
Slit
187
11.43
[73]
Carbon (298 K)
Slit
139
11.43
[74]
Carbon (300 K)
Slit
168
–
[75]
Triangular
85
–
[75]
Carbon (274 K)
Slit
166
11.43
[68]
Tab.4
Fig.14
Fig.15
Fig.16
Fig.17
Fig.18
Fig.19
Fig.20
Fig.21
Fig.22
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