The rapid detection for methane of ZnO porous nanoflakes with the decoration of Ag nanoparticles
Liuyang HAN1, Saisai ZHANG1(), Bo ZHANG1, Bowen ZHANG1, Yan WANG2, Hari BALA1, Zhanying ZHANG1,2()
1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Cultivating Base for Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Inorganic Materials in University of Henan Province, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China 2. State Key Laboratory Cultivation Bases for Gas Geology and Gas Control (Henan Polytechnic University), Jiaozuo 454000, China
Realizing the real-time detection of CH4 is important for the safety of human life. A facile hydrothermal method was used to synthesize Ag nanoparticles-decorated ZnO porous nanoflakes (PNFs) in this study. The characterization results confirmed that Ag nanoparticles had been decorated in ZnO nanoflakes with the thickness of ~10 nm. The gas-sensing properties of Ag-decorated ZnO nanoflakes were also investigated. While the gas-sensing performances of ZnO were remarkably improved by decorating Ag nanoparticles on the surface of ZnO nanoflakes, the response of the Ag-decorated ZnO sensor to 3000 ppm CH4 is almost 1.3 times as high as that of pristine ZnO sensor. The obtained Ag/ZnO sensor exhibits better long-term stability and shorter response recovery time (5/38 s) in the comparison with pristine ZnO, demonstrating the possibility for the actual detection of CH4. The enhanced CH4 sensing performance can be attributed to the synergism between the unique hierarchical porous structure and the sensitizing actions utilized by the Ag nanoparticles.
. [J]. Frontiers of Materials Science, 2021, 15(4): 621-631.
Liuyang HAN, Saisai ZHANG, Bo ZHANG, Bowen ZHANG, Yan WANG, Hari BALA, Zhanying ZHANG. The rapid detection for methane of ZnO porous nanoflakes with the decoration of Ag nanoparticles. Front. Mater. Sci., 2021, 15(4): 621-631.
G De Smedt, F de Corte, R Notelé, et al.. Comparison of two standard test methods for determining explosion limits of gases at atmospheric conditions. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 1999, 70(3): 105–113 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3894(99)00163-6
pmid: 10631351
2
W Lu, D Ding, Q Xue, et al.. Great enhancement of CH4 sensitivity of SnO2 based nanofibers by heterogeneous sensitization and catalytic effect. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2018, 254: 393–401 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2017.07.128
3
S B Schoonbaert, D R Tyner, M R Johnson. Remote ambient methane monitoring using fiber-optically coupled optical sensors. Applied Physics B: Lasers and Optics, 2015, 119(1): 133–142 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-014-6001-0
4
G Xie, P Sun, X Yan, et al.. Fabrication of methane gas sensor by layer-by-layer self-assembly of polyaniline/PdO ultrathin films on quartz crystal microbalance. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2010, 145(1): 373–377 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2009.12.035
5
S Navazani, A Shokuhfar, M Hassanisadi, et al.. Fabrication and characterization of a sensitive, room temperature methane sensor based on SnO2@reduced graphene oxide–polyaniline ternary nanohybrid. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 2018, 88: 139–147 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2018.08.006
6
S Nasresfahani, M H Sheikhi, M Tohidi, et al.. Methane gas sensing properties of Pd-doped SnO2/reduced graphene oxide synthesized by a facile hydrothermal route. Materials Research Bulletin, 2017, 89: 161–169 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2017.01.032
7
M Yan, Y Wu, Z Hua, et al.. Humidity compensation based on power-law response for MOS sensors to VOCs. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2021, 334: 129601 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2021.129601
8
L Zhang, F C Tian, X W Peng, et al.. A rapid discreteness correction scheme for reproducibility enhancement among a batch of MOS gas sensors. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 2014, 205: 170–176 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2013.11.015
9
S Zhang, B Zhang, G Sun, et al.. One-step synthesis of Ag/SnO2/rGO nanocomposites and their trimethylamine sensing properties. Materials Research Bulletin, 2019, 114: 61–67 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2019.02.019
10
P H Phuoc, C M Hung, N V Toan, et al.. One-step fabrication of SnO2 porous nanofiber gas sensors for sub-ppm H2S detection. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 2020, 303: 111722 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2019.111722
11
X Kou, F Meng, K Chen, et al.. High-performance acetone gas sensor based on Ru-doped SnO2 nanofibers. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2020, 320: 128292 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2020.128292
12
X Li, Y Li, G Sun, et al.. Enhanced CH4 sensitivity of porous nanosheets-assembled ZnO microflower by decoration with Zn2SnO4. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2020, 304: 127374 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2019.127374
13
J Liu, L Zhang, J Fan, et al.. Triethylamine gas sensor based on Pt-functionalized hierarchical ZnO microspheres. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2021, 331: 129425 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2020.129425
14
S Zhang, H Li, N Zhang, et al.. Self-sacrificial templated formation of ZnO with decoration of catalysts for regulating CO and CH4 sensitive detection. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2021, 330: 129286 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2020.129286
15
G J Thangamani, S K K Pasha. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles reinforced polyvinyl formal (PVF) nanocomposites as chemiresistive gas sensor for sulfur dioxide (SO2) monitoring. Chemosphere, 2021, 275: 129960 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129960
pmid: 33640745
16
P Karthik, P Gowthaman, M Venkatachalam, et al.. Design and fabrication of g-C3N4 nanosheets decorated TiO2 hybrid sensor films for improved performance towards CO2 gas. Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 2020, 119: 108060 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inoche.2020.108060
17
Y Liu, X Gao, F Li, et al.. Pt-In2O3 mesoporous nanofibers with enhanced gas sensing performance towards ppb-level NO2 at room temperature. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2018, 260: 927–936 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2018.01.114
18
Y Wang, M Yao, R Guan, et al.. Enhanced methane sensing performance of NiO decorated In2O3 nanospheres composites at low temperature. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2021, 854: 157169 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.157169
19
S Zhang, Y Li, G Sun, et al.. Synthesis of NiO-decorated ZnO porous nanosheets with improved CH4 sensing performance. Applied Surface Science, 2019, 497: 143811 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.143811
20
B Tong, G Meng, Z Deng, et al.. Sc-doped NiO nanoflowers sensor with rich oxygen vacancy defects for enhancing VOCs sensing performances. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2021, 851: 851 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.155760
21
S B Sichani, A Nikfarjam, H Hajghassem. A novel miniature planar gas ionization sensor based on selective growth of ZnO nanowires. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 2019, 288: 55–60 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2019.01.024
22
A R Prasad, L Williams, J Garvasis, et al.. Applications of phytogenic ZnO nanoparticles: A review on recent advancements. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2021, 331: 115805 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115805
Y Wang, Y Cui, X Meng, et al.. A gas sensor based on Ag-modified ZnO flower-like microspheres: Temperature-modulated dual selectivity to CO and CH4. Surfaces and Interfaces, 2021, 24: 101110 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfin.2021.101110
25
R Chen, J Wang, S Luo, et al.. Unraveling photoexcited electron transfer pathway of oxygen vacancy-enriched ZnO/Pd hybrid toward visible light-enhanced methane detection at a relatively low temperature. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2020, 264: 118554 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2019.118554
26
G Hui, M Zhu, X Yang, et al.. Highly sensitive ethanol gas sensor based on CeO2/ZnO binary heterojunction composite. Materials Letters, 2020, 278: 128453 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2020.128453
27
S Park, S An, Y Mun, et al.. UV-enhanced NO2 gas sensing properties of SnO2-core/ZnO-shell nanowires at room temperature. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2013, 5(10): 4285–4292 https://doi.org/10.1021/am400500a
pmid: 23627276
28
B Zhang, Y Wang, X Meng, et al.. High response methane sensor based on Au-modified hierarchical porous nanosheets-assembled ZnO microspheres. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2020, 250:123027 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2020.123027
29
Q Zhang, Z Pang, W Hu, et al.. Performance degradation mechanism of the light-activated room temperature NO2 gas sensor based on Ag-ZnO nanoparticles. Applied Surface Science, 2021, 541: 148418 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.148418
30
G Li, X Wang, L Yan, et al.. PdPt bimetal-functionalized SnO2 nanosheets: Controllable synthesis and its dual selectivity for detection of carbon monoxide and methane. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2019, 11(29): 26116–26126 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b08408
pmid: 31265225
31
M S Barbosa, P H Suman, J J Kim, et al.. Investigation of electronic and chemical sensitization effects promoted by Pt and Pd nanoparticles on single-crystalline SnO nanobelt-based gas sensors. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2019, 301: 127055 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2019.127055
32
M I Nemufulwi, H C Swart, G H Mhlongo. Evaluation of the effects of Au addition into ZnFe2O4 nanostructures on acetone detection capabilities. Materials Research Bulletin, 2021, 142: 111395 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2021.111395
33
Q Xiang, G Meng, Y Zhang, et al.. Ag nanoparticle embedded-ZnO nanorods synthesized via a photochemical method and its gas-sensing properties. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2010, 143(2): 635–640 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2009.10.007
34
D Xue, Z Zhang, Y Wang. Enhanced methane sensing performance of SnO2 nanoflowers based sensors decorated with Au nanoparticles. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2019, 237: 121864 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2019.121864
35
Y Yang, X Wang, G Yi, et al.. Hydrothermally synthesized ZnO hierarchical structure for lower concentration methane sensing. Materials Letters, 2019, 254: 242–245 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2019.07.081
36
J Jaiswal, P Singh, R Chandra. Low-temperature highly selective and sensitive NO2 gas sensors using CdTe-functionalized ZnO filled porous Si hybrid hierarchical nanostructured thin films. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2021, 327: 128862 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2020.128862
37
S Nie, D Dastan, J Li, et al.. Gas-sensing selectivity of n-ZnO/p-Co3O4 sensors for homogeneous reducing gas. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 2021, 150: 109864 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2020.109864
38
U T Nakate, R Ahmad, P Patil, et al.. Improved selectivity and low concentration hydrogen gas sensor application of Pd sensitized heterojunction n-ZnO/p-NiO nanostructures. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2019, 797: 456–464 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.05.111
39
L Zhou, J Bai, Y Liu, et al.. Highly sensitive C2H2 gas sensor based on Ag modified ZnO nanorods. Ceramics International, 2020, 46(10): 15764–15771 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.03.120
40
Z Shen, X Zhang, R Mi, et al.. On the high response towards TEA of gas sensors based on Ag-loaded 3D porous ZnO microspheres. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2018, 270: 492–499 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2018.05.034
41
N Sui, P Zhang, T Zhou, et al.. Selective ppb-level ozone gas sensor based on hierarchical branch-like In2O3 nanostructure. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2021, 336: 129612 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2021.129612
42
S Zhang, Y Li, G Sun, et al.. Enhanced methane sensing properties of porous NiO nanaosheets by decorating with SnO2. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2019, 288: 373–382 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2019.03.024
43
X Xu, S Wang, W Liu, et al.. An excellent triethylamine (TEA) sensor based on unique hierarchical MoS2/ZnO composites composed of porous microspheres and nanosheets. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2021, 333: 129616 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2021.129616
44
S Li, L Xie, M He, et al.. Metal-organic frameworks-derived bamboo-like CuO/In2O3 heterostructure for high-performance H2S gas sensor with low operating temperature. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2020, 310: 127828 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2020.127828
45
Z Xue, Z Cheng, J Xu, et al.. Controllable evolution of dual defect Zni and VO associate-rich ZnO nanodishes with (0 0 0 1) exposed facet and its multiple sensitization effect for ethanol detection. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2017, 9(47): 41559–41567 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b13370
pmid: 29116742
46
M Xiao, Y Li, B Zhang, et al.. Synthesis of g-C3N4-decorated ZnO porous hollow microspheres for room-temperature detection of CH4 under UV-light illumination. Nanomaterials, 2019, 9(11): 1507 https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9111507
pmid: 31652772
47
Y Tan, Y Lei. Atomic layer deposition of Rh nanoparticles on WO3 thin film for CH4 gas sensing with enhanced detection characteristics. Ceramics International, 2020, 46(7): 9936–9942 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.12.094
48
L Yao, Y Li, Y Ran, et al.. Construction of novel Pd–SnO2 composite nanoporous structure as a high-response sensor for methane gas. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2020, 826: 154063 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.154063
49
X Li, Y Li, G Sun, et al.. Synthesis of a flower-like g-C3N4/ZnO hierarchical structure with improved CH4 sensing properties. Nanomaterials, 2019, 9(5): 724 https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9050724
pmid: 31083416
50
M Moalaghi, M Gharesi, A Ranjkesh, et al.. Tin oxide gas sensor on tin oxide microheater for high-temperature methane sensing. Materials Letters, 2020, 263: 127196 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2019.127196
51
T Waitz, B Becker, T Wagner, et al.. Ordered nanoporous SnO2 gas sensors with high thermal stability. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2010, 150(2): 788–793 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2010.08.001
52
L Guo, F Chen, N Xie, et al.. Ultra-sensitive sensing platform based on Pt–ZnO–In2O3 nanofibers for detection of acetone. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2018, 272: 185–194 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2018.05.161
53
T T D Nguyen, D V Dao, D S Kim, et al.. Effect of core and surface area toward hydrogen gas sensing performance using Pd@ZnO core–shell nanoparticles. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2021, 587: 252–259 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2020.12.017
pmid: 33360898
54
C Qin, B Wang, P Li, et al.. Metal-organic framework-derived highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles-functionalized ZnO polyhedrons for ppb-level CO detection. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2021, 331: 129433 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2021.129433
55
D Xue, S Zhang, Z Zhang. Hydrothermal synthesis of methane sensitive porous In2O3 nanosheets. Materials Letters, 2019, 252: 169–172 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2019.05.125
56
J Chao, Y Chen, S Xing, et al.. Facile fabrication of ZnO/C nanoporous fibers and ZnO hollow spheres for high performance gas sensor. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2019, 298: 126927 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2019.126927
57
H R Yousefi, B Hashemi, A Mirzaei, et al.. Effect of Ag on the ZnO nanoparticles properties as an ethanol vapor sensor. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 2020, 117: 105172 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2020.105172
58
H Wang, Q Li, X Zheng, et al.. 3D porous flower-like ZnO microstructures loaded by large-size Ag and their ultrahigh sensitivity to ethanol. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2020, 829: 154453 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.154453
