1. School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China 2. Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers, Xi'an 710127, China 3. Peng Huanwu Center for Fundamental Theory, Xi'an 710127, China
We report a kind of kink-like breathers in one-dimensional Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) with helicoidal spin–orbit coupling (SOC), on whose two sides the background densities manifest obvious difference (called kink amplitude). The kink amplitude and shape of breather can be adjusted by the strength and period of helicoidal SOC, and its atomic number in two components exchanges periodically with time. The SOC has similar influence on the kink amplitude and the exchanged atomic number, especially when the background wave number is fixed. It indicates that the oscillating intensity of breather can be controlled by adjusting initial kink amplitude. Our work showcases the great potential of realizing novel types of breathers through SOC, and deepens our understanding on the formation mechanisms of breathers in BECs.
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