A quantum secure direct communication scheme based on intermediate-basis

doi:10.1007/s11467-023-1284-4

Frontiers of Physics

2023, Vol. 18

Issue (5): 51301 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-023-1284-4

本期目录

A quantum secure direct communication scheme based on intermediate-basis

Kexin Liang^1,², Zhengwen Cao^1,²(

), Xinlei Chen¹, Lei Wang¹, Geng Chai¹(

), Jinye Peng¹

¹. Laboratory of Quantum Information & Technology (QIT), School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China
². State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks (Xidian University), Xi’an 710071, China

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Abstract：

Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) is a method of communication that transmits secret information directly through a quantum channel. This paper proposes a two-step QSDC scheme based on intermediate-basis, in which the intermediate-basis Einstein−Podolsky−Rosen (EPR) pairs can assist to detect channel security and help encode information. Specifically, the intermediate-basis EPR pairs reduce the probability of Eve choosing the correct measurement basis in the first step, enhancing the security of the system. Moreover, they encode information together with information EPR pairs to improve the transmission efficiency in the second step. We consider the security of the protocol under coherent attack when Eve takes different dimensions of the auxiliary system. The simulation results show that intermediate-basis EPR pairs can lower the upper limit of the amount of information that Eve can steal in both attack scenarios. Therefore, the proposed protocol can ensure that the legitimate parties get more confidential information and improve the transmission efficiency.

Key words： quantum secure direct communication two-step intermediate-basis

收稿日期: 2022-10-19 出版日期: 2023-04-28

Corresponding Author(s): Zhengwen Cao,Geng Chai

引用本文:

. [J]. Frontiers of Physics, 2023, 18(5): 51301.
Kexin Liang, Zhengwen Cao, Xinlei Chen, Lei Wang, Geng Chai, Jinye Peng. A quantum secure direct communication scheme based on intermediate-basis. Front. Phys. , 2023, 18(5): 51301.

链接本文:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fop/CN/10.1007/s11467-023-1284-4
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fop/CN/Y2023/V18/I5/51301

Fig.1

Fig.2

Entangled pair	Alice’s encoding	Information	Bob’s decoding

$\| ψ ? ?$	$U 1$	000	$\| ψ ? ?$
	$U 2$	001	$\| ψ + ?$
	$U 3$	010	$\| Φ ? ?$
	$U 4$	011	$\| Φ + ?$
$\| ψ θ i ? ?$	$U 1$	100	$\| ψ θ i ? ?$
	$U 2$	101	$\| ψ θ i + ?$
	$U 3$	110	$\| Φ θ i + ?$
	$U 4$	111	$\| Φ θ i ? ?$

Tab.1

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

	The original two-step protocol	The proposed protocol
Probability of Eve guessing right	$12$	$13$
Upper bound of the amount of secret information stole by Eve	Higher	Lower
Necessary quantum resource	$\| ψ ? ?$	$\| ψ θ i ? ?$ , $\| ψ ? ?$
Encoding methods	4 kinds	8 kinds
Encoding efficiency	2 bit per operation	3 bit per operation

Tab.2

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