Fast nuclear-spin gates and electrons−nuclei entanglement of neutral atoms in weak magnetic fields

doi:10.1007/s11467-023-1332-0

Frontiers of Physics

2024, Vol. 19

Issue (2): 22203 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-023-1332-0

本期目录

Fast nuclear-spin gates and electrons−nuclei entanglement of neutral atoms in weak magnetic fields

Xiao-Feng Shi(

)

School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China

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Abstract：

We present a novel class of Rydberg-mediated nuclear-spin entanglement in divalent atoms with global laser pulses. First, we show a fast nuclear-spin controlled phase gate of an arbitrary phase realizable either with two laser pulses when assisted by Stark shifts, or with three pulses. Second, we propose to create an electrons−nuclei-entangled state, which is named a super bell state (SBS) for it mimics a large Bell state incorporating three small Bell states. Third, we show a protocol to create a three-atom electrons-nuclei entangled state which contains the three-body W and Greenberger−Horne−Zeilinger (GHZ) states simultaneously. These protocols possess high intrinsic fidelities, do not require single-site Rydberg addressing, and can be executed with large Rydberg Rabi frequencies in a weak, Gauss-scale magnetic field. The latter two protocols can enable measurement-based preparation of Bell, hyperentangled, and GHZ states, and, specifically, SBS can enable quantum dense coding where one can share three classical bits of information by sending one particle.

Key words： nuclear-spin qubit electrons−nuclei entanglement super Bell state Greenberger−Horne−Zeilinger state Rydberg-mediated entanglement quantum dense coding

收稿日期: 2022-12-20 出版日期: 2023-09-27

Corresponding Author(s): Xiao-Feng Shi

引用本文:

. [J]. Frontiers of Physics, 2024, 19(2): 22203.
Xiao-Feng Shi. Fast nuclear-spin gates and electrons−nuclei entanglement of neutral atoms in weak magnetic fields. Front. Phys. , 2024, 19(2): 22203.

链接本文:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fop/CN/10.1007/s11467-023-1332-0
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fop/CN/Y2024/V19/I2/22203

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

		First pulse	Second pulse	Third pulse	Total duration

Three-pulse gate	Rabi frequency	$1.6088 Δ$	$0.5932 e i 3 π / 4 Δ$	$1.6088 e i β / 2 Δ$	$3.14 π / Δ$
Three-pulse gate	pulse duration	$0.805 π / Δ$	$1.532 π / Δ$	$0.805 π / Δ$	or $5.05 π / Ω m$
Two-pulse gate	Rabi frequency	$1.6088 Δ$	$− 1.6088 e i (β / 2 + κ) Δ$	(not applicable)	$1.61 π / Δ$
Two-pulse gate	pulse duration	$0.805 π / Δ$	$0.805 π / Δ$	(not applicable)	or $2.59 π / Ω m$

Tab.1

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

	Initial state	Final state	First pulse (clock-Rydberg)	Second pulse (clock-Rydberg)	Third pulse (ground-Rydberg)	Total duration

$\| S B ?$	$∏ \| c ↑ ? + \| c ↓ ? 2$	$12 (\| c c ? e ⊗ \| Φ ? n$ $+ \| Φ ? e ⊗ \| Ψ ? n)$	Rabi: $Ω (S) = 1.608 Δ$ $T p 1 : 2.12 π / Ω (S)$	Rabi: $− 0.4606 Ω (S)$ $T p 2 : 2.85 π / Ω (S)$	Rabi: $0.4393 Ω (S)$ $T p 3 : 2.71 π / Ω (S)$	$7.69 π / Ω (S)$
$\| ? ?$	$∏ \| c ↑ ? + \| c ↓ ? 2$	$12 [(3 \| c c c ? e ⊗ \| ? ? n$ $+ \| W ? e ⊗ \| G H Z ? n)]$	Rabi: $Ω (?) = 1.976 Δ$ $T p 1 (?)$ : $5.93 π / Ω (?)$	Rabi: $− 0.3735 Ω (?)$ $T p 2 (?) : 1.9 π / Ω (?)$	Rabi: $0.3073 Ω (?)$ $T p 3 (?)$ : $3.54 π / Ω (?)$	$11.4 π / Ω (?)$

Tab.2

Fig.8

Fig.9

Fig.10

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