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Frontiers of Physics

ISSN 2095-0462

ISSN 2095-0470(Online)

CN 11-5994/O4

邮发代号 80-965

2019 Impact Factor: 2.502

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Frontiers of Physics  2024, Vol. 19 Issue (1): 14701   https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-023-1333-z
  本期目录
STCF conceptual design report (Volume 1): Physics & detector
M. Achasov3, X. C. Ai82, L. P. An54, R. Aliberti38, Q. An63,72, X. Z. Bai63,72, Y. Bai62, O. Bakina39, A. Barnyakov3,50, V. Blinov3,50,51, V. Bobrovnikov3,51, D. Bodrov23,60, A. Bogomyagkov3, A. Bondar3, I. Boyko39, Z. H. Bu73, F. M. Cai20, H. Cai77, J. J. Cao20, Q. H. Cao54, X. Cao33, Z. Cao63,72, Q. Chang20, K. T. Chao54, D. Y. Chen62, H. Chen81, H. X. Chen62, J. F. Chen58, K. Chen6, L. L. Chen20, P. Chen78, S. L. Chen6, S. M. Chen66, S. Chen69, S. P. Chen69, W. Chen64, X. Chen74, X. F. Chen58, X. R. Chen33, Y. Chen32, Y. Q. Chen36, H. Y. Cheng34, J. Cheng48, S. Cheng28, T. G. Cheng2, J. P. Dai80, L. Y. Dai28, X. C. Dai54, D. Dedovich39, A. Denig19,38, I. Denisenko39, J. M. Dias4, D. Z. Ding58, L. Y. Dong32, W. H. Dong63,72, V. Druzhinin3, D. S. Du63,72, Y. J. Du77, Z. G. Du41, L. M. Duan33, D. Epifanov3, Y. L. Fan77, S. S. Fang32, Z. J. Fang63,72, G. Fedotovich3, C. Q. Feng63,72, X. Feng54, Y. T. Feng63,72, J. L. Fu69, J. Gao59, Y. N. Gao54, P. S. Ge73, C. Q. Geng15, L. S. Geng2, A. Gilman71, L. Gong43, T. Gong21, B. Gou33, W. Gradl38, J. L. Gu63,72, A. Guevara4, L. C. Gui26, A. Q. Guo33, F. K. Guo4,69,2, J. C. Guo63,72, J. Guo59, Y. P. Guo11, Z. H. Guo16, A. Guskov39, K. L. Han69, L. Han63,72, M. Han63,72, X. Q. Hao20, J. B. He69, S. Q. He63,72, X. G. He59, Y. L. He20, Z. B. He33, Z. X. Heng20, B. L. Hou63,72, T. J. Hou74, Y. R. Hou69, C. Y. Hu74, H. M. Hu32, K. Hu57, R. J. Hu33, W. H. Hu54, X. H. Hu9, Y. C. Hu49, J. Hua61, G. S. Huang63,72, J. S. Huang47, M. Huang69, Q. Y. Huang69, W. Q. Huang69, X. T. Huang57, X. J. Huang33, Y. B. Huang14, Y. S. Huang64, N. Hüsken38, V. Ivanov3, Q. P. Ji20, J. J. Jia77, S. Jia62, Z. K. Jia63,72, H. B. Jiang77, J. Jiang57, S. Z. Jiang14, J. B. Jiao57, Z. Jiao24, H. J. Jing69, X. L. Kang8, X. S. Kang43, B. C. Ke82, M. Kenzie5, A. Khoukaz76, I. Koop3,50,51, E. Kravchenko3,51, A. Kuzmin3, Y. Lei60, E. Levichev3, C. H. Li42, C. Li55, D. Y. Li33, F. Li63,72, G. Li55, G. Li15, H. B. Li32,69, H. Li63,72, H. N. Li61, H. J. Li20, H. L. Li27, J. M. Li63,72, J. Li32, L. Li56, L. Li59, L. Y. Li63,72, N. Li64, P. R. Li41, R. H. Li30, S. Li59, T. Li57, W. J. Li20, X. Li33, X. H. Li74, X. Q. Li6, X. H. Li63,72, Y. Li79, Y. Y. Li72, Z. J. Li33, H. Liang63,72, J. H. Liang61, Y. T. Liang33, G. R. Liao13, L. Z. Liao25, Y. Liao61, C. X. Lin69, D. X. Lin33, X. S. Lin63,72, B. J. Liu32, C. W. Liu15, D. Liu63,72, F. Liu6, G. M. Liu61, H. B. Liu14, J. Liu54, J. J. Liu74, J. B. Liu63,72, K. Liu41, K. Y. Liu43, K. Liu59, L. Liu63,72, Q. Liu69, S. B. Liu63,72, T. Liu11, X. Liu41, Y. W. Liu63,72, Y. Liu82, Y. L. Liu63,72, Z. Q. Liu57, Z. Y. Liu41, Z. W. Liu45, I. Logashenko3, Y. Long63,72, C. G. Lu33, J. X. Lu2, N. Lu63,72, Q. F. Lü26, Y. Lu7, Y. Lu69, Z. Lu62, P. Lukin3, F. J. Luo74, T. Luo11, X. F. Luo6, Y. H. Luo54, H. J. Lyu24, X. R. Lyu69, J. P. Ma35, P. Ma33, Y. Ma15, Y. M. Ma33, F. Maas19,38, S. Malde71, D. Matvienko3, Z. X. Meng70, R. Mitchell29, A. Nefediev40, Y. Nefedov39, S. L. Olsen22,53, Q. Ouyang32,63, P. Pakhlov23, G. Pakhlova23,52, X. Pan60, Y. Pan62, E. Passemar29,65,67, Y. P. Pei63,72, H. P. Peng63,72, L. Peng27, X. Y. Peng8, X. J. Peng41, K. Peters12, S. Pivovarov3, E. Pyata3, B. B. Qi63,72, Y. Q. Qi63,72, W. B. Qian69, Y. Qian33, C. F. Qiao69, J. J. Qin74, J. J. Qin63,72, L. Q. Qin13, X. S. Qin57, T. L. Qiu33, J. Rademacker68, C. F. Redmer38, H. Y. Sang63,72, M. Saur54, W. Shan26, X. Y. Shan63,72, L. L. Shang20, M. Shao63,72, L. Shekhtman3, C. P. Shen11, J. M. Shen28, Z. T. Shen63,72, H. C. Shi63,72, X. D. Shi63,72, B. Shwartz3, A. Sokolov3, J. J. Song20, W. M. Song36, Y. Song63,72, Y. X. Song10, A. Sukharev3,51, J. F. Sun20, L. Sun77, X. M. Sun6, Y. J. Sun63,72, Z. P. Sun33, J. Tang64, S. S. Tang63,72, Z. B. Tang63,72, C. H. Tian63,72, J. S. Tian78, Y. Tian33, Y. Tikhonov3, K. Todyshev3,51, T. Uglov52, V. Vorobyev3, B. D. Wan15, B. L. Wang69, B. Wang63,72, D. Y. Wang54, G. Y. Wang21, G. L. Wang17, H. L. Wang61, J. Wang49, J. H. Wang63,72, J. C. Wang63,72, M. L. Wang32, R. Wang63,72, R. Wang33, S. B. Wang59, W. Wang59, W. P. Wang63,72, X. C. Wang20, X. D. Wang74, X. L. Wang63,72, X. L. Wang20, X. P. Wang2, X. F. Wang41, Y. D. Wang48, Y. P. Wang6, Y. Q. Wang17, Y. L. Wang20, Y. G. Wang63,72, Z. Y. Wang63,72, Z. Y. Wang73, Z. L. Wang69, Z. G. Wang48, D. H. Wei13, X. L. Wei33, X. M. Wei49, Q. G. Wen1, X. J. Wen33, G. Wilkinson71, B. Wu63,72, J. J. Wu69, L. Wu44, P. Wu62, T. W. Wu15, Y. S. Wu63,72, L. Xia63,72, T. Xiang54, C. W. Xiao7,13, D. Xiao41, M. Xiao74, K. P. Xie2, Y. H. Xie6, Y. Xing9, Z. Z. Xing32, X. N. Xiong7, F. R. Xu37, J. Xu82, L. L. Xu63,72, Q. N. Xu30, X. C. Xu63,72, X. P. Xu60, Y. C. Xu79, Y. P. Xu48, Y. Xu43, Z. Z. Xu63,72, D. W. Xuan63,72, F. F. Xue49, L. Yan11, M. J. Yan4, W. B. Yan63,72, W. C. Yan82, X. S. Yan20, B. F. Yang20, C. Yang57, H. J. Yang59, H. R. Yang33, H. T. Yang63,72, J. F. Yang63,72, S. L. Yang69, Y. D. Yang20, Y. H. Yang69, Y. S. Yang33, Y. L. Yang20, Z. W. Yang54, Z. Y. Yang63,72, D. L. Yao28, H. Yin6, X. H. Yin33, N. Yokozaki81, S. Y. You41, Z. Y. You64, C. X. Yu46, F. S. Yu41, G. L. Yu48, H. L. Yu63,72, J. S. Yu28, J. Q. Yu28, L. Yuan2, X. B. Yuan6, Z. Y. Yuan54, Y. F. Yue20, M. Zeng66, S. Zeng74, A. L. Zhang63,72, B. W. Zhang6, G. Y. Zhang20, G. Q. Zhang31, H. J. Zhang63,72, H. B. Zhang69, J. Y. Zhang69, J. L. Zhang21, J. Zhang64, L. Zhang57, L. M. Zhang66, Q. A. Zhang2, R. Zhang75, S. L. Zhang28, T. Zhang59, X. Zhang4, Y. Zhang63,72, Y. J. Zhang2, Y. X. Zhang54, Y. T. Zhang82, Y. F. Zhang63,72, Y. C. Zhang62, Y. Zhang18, Y. Zhang74, Y. M. Zhang64, Y. L. Zhang63,72, Z. H. Zhang74, Z. Y. Zhang77, Z. Y. Zhang63,72, H. Y. Zhao33, J. Zhao21, L. Zhao63,72, M. G. Zhao46, Q. Zhao32, R. G. Zhao49, R. P. Zhao69, Y. X. Zhao33, Z. G. Zhao63,72, Z. X. Zhao30, A. Zhemchugov39, B. Zheng74, L. Zheng8, Q. B. Zheng73, R. Zheng49, Y. H. Zheng69, X. H. Zhong26, H. J. Zhou20, H. Q. Zhou62, H. Zhou63,72, S. H. Zhou30, X. Zhou77, X. K. Zhou6, X. P. Zhou2, X. R. Zhou63,72, Y. L. Zhou15, Y. Zhou63,72, Y. X. Zhou69, Z. Y. Zhou62, J. Y. Zhu21, K. Zhu32, R. D. Zhu60, R. L. Zhu44, S. H. Zhu54, Y. C. Zhu63,72, Z. A. Zhu63,72, V. Zhukova40, V. Zhulanov3, B. S. Zou4,69,33, Y. B. Zuo42
1. Anhui University, Hefei 230039, China
2. Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
3. Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
4. CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
5. Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
6. Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
7. Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
8. China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
9. China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
10. École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
11. Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
12. Goethe University Frankfurt, D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
13. Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
14. Guangxi Uninversity, Nanning 530004, China
15. Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
16. Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
17. Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
18. Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
19. Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Staudinger Weg 18, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
20. Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
21. Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
22. High Energy Physics Center, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
23. Higher School of Economy 11 Pokrovsky Bulvar, Moscow 109028, Russia
24. Huangshan University, Huangshan 245000, China
25. Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan 442002, China
26. Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
27. Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
28. Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
29. Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
30. Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
31. Institute of Advanced Science Facilities, Shenzhen 518107, China
32. Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
33. Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
34. Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, China
35. Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
36. Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
37. Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
38. Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
39. Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
40. Josef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
41. Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
42. Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China
43. Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
44. Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
45. Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
46. Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
47. Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
48. North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
49. Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
50. Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk 630073, Russia
51. Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
52. P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
53. Particle and Nuclear Physics Institute, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34126, Korea
54. Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
55. Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
56. Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
57. Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
58. Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201899, China
59. Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
60. Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
61. South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
62. Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
63. State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, China
64. Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
65. Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA
66. Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
67. Universitat de València, E-46071 València, Spain
68. University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
69. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
70. University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
71. University of Oxford, Keble Road, Oxford OX13RH, United Kingdom
72. University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
73. University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
74. University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
75. University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin-Madison 53706, USA
76. University Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str.9, 48149 Münster, Germany
77. Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
78. Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710119, China
79. Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
80. Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
81. Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
82. Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
 全文: PDF(18750 KB)   HTML
Abstract：

The super τ-charm facility (STCF) is an electron−positron collider proposed by the Chinese particle physics community. It is designed to operate in a center-of-mass energy range from 2 to 7 GeV with a peak luminosity of 0.5 × 1035 cm−2·s−1 or higher. The STCF will produce a data sample about a factor of 100 larger than that of the present τ-charm factory — the BEPCII, providing a unique platform for exploring the asymmetry of matter-antimatter (charge-parity violation), in-depth studies of the internal structure of hadrons and the nature of non-perturbative strong interactions, as well as searching for exotic hadrons and physics beyond the Standard Model. The STCF project in China is under development with an extensive R&D program. This document presents the physics opportunities at the STCF, describes conceptual designs of the STCF detector system, and discusses future plans for detector R&D and physics case studies.
Key words： electron−positron collider    tau-charm region    high luminosity    STCF detector    conceptual design
收稿日期: 2023-03-29      出版日期: 2023-09-26
 引用本文:   
. [J]. Frontiers of Physics, 2024, 19(1): 14701.
M. Achasov, X. C. Ai, L. P. An, R. Aliberti, Q. An, X. Z. Bai, Y. Bai, O. Bakina, A. Barnyakov, V. Blinov, V. Bobrovnikov, D. Bodrov, A. Bogomyagkov, A. Bondar, I. Boyko, Z. H. Bu, F. M. Cai, H. Cai, J. J. Cao, Q. H. Cao, X. Cao, Z. Cao, Q. Chang, K. T. Chao, D. Y. Chen, H. Chen, H. X. Chen, J. F. Chen, K. Chen, L. L. Chen, P. Chen, S. L. Chen, S. M. Chen, S. Chen, S. P. Chen, W. Chen, X. Chen, X. F. Chen, X. R. Chen, Y. Chen, Y. Q. Chen, H. Y. Cheng, J. Cheng, S. Cheng, T. G. Cheng, J. P. Dai, L. Y. Dai, X. C. Dai, D. Dedovich, A. Denig, I. Denisenko, J. M. Dias, D. Z. Ding, L. Y. Dong, W. H. Dong, V. Druzhinin, D. S. Du, Y. J. Du, Z. G. Du, L. M. Duan, D. Epifanov, Y. L. Fan, S. S. Fang, Z. J. Fang, G. Fedotovich, C. Q. Feng, X. Feng, Y. T. Feng, J. L. Fu, J. Gao, Y. N. Gao, P. S. Ge, C. Q. Geng, L. S. Geng, A. Gilman, L. Gong, T. Gong, B. Gou, W. Gradl, J. L. Gu, A. Guevara, L. C. Gui, A. Q. Guo, F. K. Guo, J. C. Guo, J. Guo, Y. P. Guo, Z. H. Guo, A. Guskov, K. L. Han, L. Han, M. Han, X. Q. Hao, J. B. He, S. Q. He, X. G. He, Y. L. He, Z. B. He, Z. X. Heng, B. L. Hou, T. J. Hou, Y. R. Hou, C. Y. Hu, H. M. Hu, K. Hu, R. J. Hu, W. H. Hu, X. H. Hu, Y. C. Hu, J. Hua, G. S. Huang, J. S. Huang, M. Huang, Q. Y. Huang, W. Q. Huang, X. T. Huang, X. J. Huang, Y. B. Huang, Y. S. Huang, N. Hüsken, V. Ivanov, Q. P. Ji, J. J. Jia, S. Jia, Z. K. Jia, H. B. Jiang, J. Jiang, S. Z. Jiang, J. B. Jiao, Z. Jiao, H. J. Jing, X. L. Kang, X. S. Kang, B. C. Ke, M. Kenzie, A. Khoukaz, I. Koop, E. Kravchenko, A. Kuzmin, Y. Lei, E. Levichev, C. H. Li, C. Li, D. Y. Li, F. Li, G. Li, G. Li, H. B. Li, H. Li, H. N. Li, H. J. Li, H. L. Li, J. M. Li, J. Li, L. Li, L. Li, L. Y. Li, N. Li, P. R. Li, R. H. Li, S. Li, T. Li, W. J. Li, X. Li, X. H. Li, X. Q. Li, X. H. Li, Y. Li, Y. Y. Li, Z. J. Li, H. Liang, J. H. Liang, Y. T. Liang, G. R. Liao, L. Z. Liao, Y. Liao, C. X. Lin, D. X. Lin, X. S. Lin, B. J. Liu, C. W. Liu, D. Liu, F. Liu, G. M. Liu, H. B. Liu, J. Liu, J. J. Liu, J. B. Liu, K. Liu, K. Y. Liu, K. Liu, L. Liu, Q. Liu, S. B. Liu, T. Liu, X. Liu, Y. W. Liu, Y. Liu, Y. L. Liu, Z. Q. Liu, Z. Y. Liu, Z. W. Liu, I. Logashenko, Y. Long, C. G. Lu, J. X. Lu, N. Lu, Q. F. Lü, Y. Lu, Y. Lu, Z. Lu, P. Lukin, F. J. Luo, T. Luo, X. F. Luo, Y. H. Luo, H. J. Lyu, X. R. Lyu, J. P. Ma, P. Ma, Y. Ma, Y. M. Ma, F. Maas, S. Malde, D. Matvienko, Z. X. Meng, R. Mitchell, A. Nefediev, Y. Nefedov, S. L. Olsen, Q. Ouyang, P. Pakhlov, G. Pakhlova, X. Pan, Y. Pan, E. Passemar, Y. P. Pei, H. P. Peng, L. Peng, X. Y. Peng, X. J. Peng, K. Peters, S. Pivovarov, E. Pyata, B. B. Qi, Y. Q. Qi, W. B. Qian, Y. Qian, C. F. Qiao, J. J. Qin, J. J. Qin, L. Q. Qin, X. S. Qin, T. L. Qiu, J. Rademacker, C. F. Redmer, H. Y. Sang, M. Saur, W. Shan, X. Y. Shan, L. L. Shang, M. Shao, L. Shekhtman, C. P. Shen, J. M. Shen, Z. T. Shen, H. C. Shi, X. D. Shi, B. Shwartz, A. Sokolov, J. J. Song, W. M. Song, Y. Song, Y. X. Song, A. Sukharev, J. F. Sun, L. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. J. Sun, Z. P. Sun, J. Tang, S. S. Tang, Z. B. Tang, C. H. Tian, J. S. Tian, Y. Tian, Y. Tikhonov, K. Todyshev, T. Uglov, V. Vorobyev, B. D. Wan, B. L. Wang, B. Wang, D. Y. Wang, G. Y. Wang, G. L. Wang, H. L. Wang, J. Wang, J. H. Wang, J. C. Wang, M. L. Wang, R. Wang, R. Wang, S. B. Wang, W. Wang, W. P. Wang, X. C. Wang, X. D. Wang, X. L. Wang, X. L. Wang, X. P. Wang, X. F. Wang, Y. D. Wang, Y. P. Wang, Y. Q. Wang, Y. L. Wang, Y. G. Wang, Z. Y. Wang, Z. Y. Wang, Z. L. Wang, Z. G. Wang, D. H. Wei, X. L. Wei, X. M. Wei, Q. G. Wen, X. J. Wen, G. Wilkinson, B. Wu, J. J. Wu, L. Wu, P. Wu, T. W. Wu, Y. S. Wu, L. Xia, T. Xiang, C. W. Xiao, D. Xiao, M. Xiao, K. P. Xie, Y. H. Xie, Y. Xing, Z. Z. Xing, X. N. Xiong, F. R. Xu, J. Xu, L. L. Xu, Q. N. Xu, X. C. Xu, X. P. Xu, Y. C. Xu, Y. P. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Z. Xu, D. W. Xuan, F. F. Xue, L. Yan, M. J. Yan, W. B. Yan, W. C. Yan, X. S. Yan, B. F. Yang, C. Yang, H. J. Yang, H. R. Yang, H. T. Yang, J. F. Yang, S. L. Yang, Y. D. Yang, Y. H. Yang, Y. S. Yang, Y. L. Yang, Z. W. Yang, Z. Y. Yang, D. L. Yao, H. Yin, X. H. Yin, N. Yokozaki, S. Y. You, Z. Y. You, C. X. Yu, F. S. Yu, G. L. Yu, H. L. Yu, J. S. Yu, J. Q. Yu, L. Yuan, X. B. Yuan, Z. Y. Yuan, Y. F. Yue, M. Zeng, S. Zeng, A. L. Zhang, B. W. Zhang, G. Y. Zhang, G. Q. Zhang, H. J. Zhang, H. B. Zhang, J. Y. Zhang, J. L. Zhang, J. Zhang, L. Zhang, L. M. Zhang, Q. A. Zhang, R. Zhang, S. L. Zhang, T. Zhang, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y. J. Zhang, Y. X. Zhang, Y. T. Zhang, Y. F. Zhang, Y. C. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y. M. Zhang, Y. L. Zhang, Z. H. Zhang, Z. Y. Zhang, Z. Y. Zhang, H. Y. Zhao, J. Zhao, L. Zhao, M. G. Zhao, Q. Zhao, R. G. Zhao, R. P. Zhao, Y. X. Zhao, Z. G. Zhao, Z. X. Zhao, A. Zhemchugov, B. Zheng, L. Zheng, Q. B. Zheng, R. Zheng, Y. H. Zheng, X. H. Zhong, H. J. Zhou, H. Q. Zhou, H. Zhou, S. H. Zhou, X. Zhou, X. K. Zhou, X. P. Zhou, X. R. Zhou, Y. L. Zhou, Y. Zhou, Y. X. Zhou, Z. Y. Zhou, J. Y. Zhu, K. Zhu, R. D. Zhu, R. L. Zhu, S. H. Zhu, Y. C. Zhu, Z. A. Zhu, V. Zhukova, V. Zhulanov, B. S. Zou, Y. B. Zuo. STCF conceptual design report (Volume 1): Physics & detector. Front. Phys. , 2024, 19(1): 14701.
 链接本文:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fop/CN/10.1007/s11467-023-1333-z
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fop/CN/Y2024/V19/I1/14701
Fig.1  
CME (G eV) Lumi (ab−1) Samples σ(nb) No. of events Remarks
3.097 1 J/ψ 3400 3.4× 1012
3.670 1 τ+τ− 2.4 2.4× 109
3.686 1 ψ(3686) 640 6.4× 1011
τ+τ− 2.5 2.5× 109
ψ(3686)→τ+ τ− 2.0× 109
3.770 1 D0D ¯0 3.6 3.6× 109
D+D ¯− 2.8 2.8× 109
D0D ¯0 7.9× 108 Single tag
D+D ¯− 5.5× 108 Single tag
τ+τ− 2.9 2.9× 109
4.009 1 D∗0D ¯0+ c.c. 4.0 1.4× 109 CP D0D ¯0=+
D∗0D ¯0+ c.c. 4.0 2.6× 109 CP D0D ¯0=−
Ds+Ds− 0.20 2.0× 108
τ+τ− 3.5 3.5× 109
4.180 1 Ds+∗Ds−+c.c. 0.90 9.0× 108
Ds+∗Ds−+c.c. 1.3× 108 Single tag
τ+τ− 3.6 3.6× 109
4.230 1 J/ψπ+π− 0.085 8.5× 107
τ+τ− 3.6 3.6× 109
γX (3872)
4.360 1 ψ(3686)π + π− 0.058 5.8× 107
τ+τ− 3.5 3.5× 109
4.420 1 ψ(3686)π + π− 0.040 4.0× 107
τ+τ− 3.5 3.5× 109
4.630 1 ψ(3686)π + π− 0.033 3.3× 107
ΛcΛ ¯c 0.56 5.6× 108
ΛcΛ ¯c 6.4× 107 Single tag
τ+τ− 3.4 3.4× 109
4.0–7.0 3 300-point scan with 10 MeV steps, 1 fb−1/point
>5 2–7 Several ab−1 of high-energy data, details dependent on scan results
Tab.1  
XYZ Y(4260) Zc(3900) Zc(4020) X(3872)
No. of events 109 108 108 5× 106
Tab.2  
Fig.2  
XYZ IG(JPC ) Production processes Decay modes
X(3872) 0+(1++ ) B→KX /KπX, e+e −→γX, π+π− J/ ψ, ωJ/ψ, D∗ 0 D ¯0,
pp/pp ¯ inclusive, PbPb, γ γ∗ γJ /ψ, γ ψ(3686)
X(3915) 0+(0or2++ ) B→KX, γγ →X ωJ /ψ
X(4140) 0+(1++ ) B→KX, pp ¯ inclusive ϕJ /ψ
X(4274) 0+(1++ ) B→KX
X(4500) 0+(0++ )
X(4700) 0+(0++ )
X(3940) ??(??? ) e+e−→J/ψ+ X DD ¯∗
X(4160) ??(??? ) D∗D ¯∗
X(4350) 0+(??+ ) γγ →X ϕJ /ψ
Y(4008) 0−(1) e+e−→Y ππ J/ ψ
Y(4260) 0−(1) e+e−→Y ππ J/ ψ, DD ¯∗π, χc0 ω, hcππ
Y(4360) 0−(1) e+e−→Y ππ ψ(3686)
Y(4660) 0−(1) ππ ψ(3686), ΛcΛ ¯c
Zc(3900) 1+(1+−) e+e−→πZ c, inclusive b-hadron decays πJ /ψ, D D ¯∗
Zc(4020) 1+(??−) e+e−→πZ c πhc, D∗D ¯∗
Z1(4050) 1−(??+ ) B→KZc π±χc1
Z2(4250) 1−(??+ )
Zc(4200) 1+(1+−) B→KZc π±J /ψ
Zc(4430) 1+(1+−) π±J /ψ, π±ψ(3686)
Zcs (3985) 12(??) e+e−→KZ cs D ¯sD∗, D ¯s∗D
Zcs (4000) 12(1+) B+→ϕ Zcs J/ψK
Zcs (4220) 12(1+) B+→ϕ Zcs J/ψK
Tab.3  
BESIII STCF Belle II
Luminosity 2.93 fb−1 at 3.773 GeV 1 ab−1 at 3.773 GeV 50 ab−1 at Υ(nS)
B (D+→μ +νμ) 5.1%stat 1.6%syst [120] 0.28%stat 2.8%stat [66]
fD+μ (MeV) 2.6%stat 0.9%syst [120] 0.15%stat –
|Vcd | 2.6%stat 1.0%syst* [120] 0.15%stat –
B (D+→τ +ντ) 20%stat 10%syst [121] 0.41%stat –
B( D+→τ+ ντ)B(D+ →μ+νμ ) 21%stat 13%syst [121] 0.50%stat –
Luminosity 6.3 fb−1 at (4.178, 4.226) GeV 1 ab−1 at 4.009 GeV 50 ab−1 at Υ(nS)
B (Ds +→ μ+νμ) 2.4%stat 3.0%syst [122] 0.30%stat 0.8%stat 1.8%syst
fDs+μ (MeV) 1.2%stat 1.5%syst [122] 0.15%stat –
|Vcs | 1.2%stat 1.5%syst [122] 0.15%stat –
B (Ds +→ τ+ντ) 1.7%stat 2.1%syst [123] 0.24%stat 0.6%stat 2.7%syst
fDs+τ (MeV) 0.8%stat 1.1%syst [123] 0.11%stat –
|Vcs | 0.8%stat 1.1%syst [123] 0.11%stat –
f ¯Ds+μ&τ (MeV) 0.7%stat 0.9%syst 0.09%stat 0.3%stat 1.0%syst
|V ¯csμ&τ| 0.7%stat 0.9%syst 0.09%stat –
fDs+ /fD+ 1.4%stat 1.7%syst [124] 0.21%stat –
B( Ds+→τ+ντ) B (Ds +→ μ+νμ) 2.9%stat 3.5%syst 0.38%stat 0.9%stat 3.2%syst
Tab.4  
Decay B Decay B Decay B
Λc+→Λ π+ 1.30±0.07 Λc+→Λ ρ+ 4.06± 0.52 Λc+→Δ ++K− 1.08± 0.25
Λc+→Σ 0π+ 1.29±0.07 Λc+→Σ 0ρ+ Λc+→Σ ∗0π+ 0.65± 0.10
Λc+→Σ +π0 1.25±0.10 Λc+→Σ +ρ0 <1.7 Λc+→Σ ∗+π0 0.59± 0.08
Λc+→Σ +η 0.44±0.20 Λc+→Σ +ω 1.70±0.21 Λc+→Σ ∗+η 1.05± 0.23
Λc+→Σ +η′ 1.5±0.6 Λc+→Σ +ϕ 0.38±0.06 Λc+→Σ ∗+η′
Λc+→Ξ 0K+ 0.55±0.07 Λc+→Ξ 0K∗+ Λc+→Ξ ∗0K+ 0.43±0.09
Λc+→pKS 1.59±0.08 Λc+→pK ¯∗0 1.96±0.27 Λc+→Δ + K ¯ 0
Tab.5  
Σc+→Λc+γ Σc∗+→Λ c+γ Σc∗++→Λc++γ Σc∗0→Σc0γ Ξc′ +→ Ξc+γ Ξc∗ +→ Ξc+γ Ξc∗ 0→ Ξc0γ Ξc′ 0→ Ξc0γ Ωc∗0→Ωc0γ
LO 91.5 150.3 1.3 1.2 19.7 63.5 0.4 1.0 0.9
NLO 164.2 893.0 11.6 2.9 54.3 502.1 0.02 3.8 4.8
NNLO 65.6 161.8 1.2 0.49 5.4 21.6 0.46 0.42 0.32
Tab.6  
JP(nL ) States Mass difference(s)
3 ¯ 12+(1S) Λc( 2287)+, Ξc (2470)+, Ξc(2470)0 Δ mΞcΛc=183
12−( 1P) Λc( 2595)+, Ξc (2790)+, Ξc(2790)0 Δ mΞcΛc=198
32−( 1P) Λc( 2625)+, Ξc (2815)+, Ξc(2815)0 Δ mΞcΛc=190
12+(2S) Λc( 2765)+, Ξc (2970)+, Ξc(2970)0 Δ mΞcΛc=200
32+(1D) Λc( 2860)+, Ξc (3055)+, Ξc(3055)0 Δ mΞcΛc=201
52+(1D) Λc( 2880)+, Ξc (3080)+, Ξc(3080)0 Δ mΞcΛc=196
6 12+(1S) Ωc( 2695)0, Ξc′(2575 ) +,0,Σc(2455)+ +,+,0 Δ mΩc Ξc′=119, ΔmΞ c′Σc=124
32+(1S) Ωc( 2770)0, Ξc′(2645 ) +,0,Σc(2520)+ +,+,0 Δ mΩc Ξc′=120, ΔmΞ c′Σc=128
Tab.7  
Fig.3  
Decay mode B (×10−4) [34] η/η ′ events
J/ψ→γη ′ 52.1± 1.7 1.8× 1010
J/ψ→γη 11.08± 0.27 3.7× 109
J/ψ→ϕη ′ 7.4± 0.8 2.5× 109
J/ψ→ϕη 4.6± 0.5 1.6× 109
Tab.8  
Decay mode Best upper limit 90% CL STCF limit ( 3.4×1012 J /ψ events) Theoretical prediction Physics
η′→e+e− 5.6× 10− 9 1.5 ×10−10 1.1× 10− 10 leptoquark
η′→μ+μ− − 1.5 ×10−10 1.1× 10− 7 leptoquark
η′→e+e− e+e− − 2.4×10−10 1× 10− 4 γ∗γ∗
η′→μ+μ− μ+μ− − 2.4×10−10 4× 10− 7 γ∗γ∗
η′→π0μ+μ− 6.0× 10− 5 2.4×10−10 C violation
η′→π0e+e− 1.4× 10− 3 2.4×10−10 C violation
η′→π0π0 9.0× 10− 4 2.9×10−9 CP violation
η′→π+π− 2.9× 10− 3 1.5×10−10 CP violation
η′→μ+e−+μ− e+ 4.7× 10− 4 1.5×10−10 LPV
η′→ invisible 5.3× 10− 4 3.3×10−8 Dark matter
η′→ηe +e− 2.4× 10− 3 5.9×10−10 C violation
η′→ημ +μ− 1.5× 10− 5 5.9×10−10 C violation
Tab.9  
Decay mode B (in units of 10− 4) Angular distribution parameter αψ Detection efficiency No. of events expected at the STCF
J/ψ→Λ Λ ¯ 19.43±0.03± 0.33 −0.469 ±0.026 40% 1100× 106
ψ(3686)→ΛΛ ¯ 03.97±0.02±0.12 −0.824 ±0.074 40% 130× 106
J/ψ→Ξ 0 Ξ ¯ 0 11.65± 0.04 −0.66 ±0.03 14% 230× 106
ψ(3686)→Ξ0Ξ ¯0 02.73±0.03 −0.65 ±0.09 14% 32× 106
J/ψ→Ξ − Ξ ¯+ 10.40± 0.06 −0.58 ±0.04 19% 270× 106
ψ(3686)→Ξ− Ξ ¯ + 02.78±0.05 −0.91 ±0.13 19% 42× 106
Tab.10  
AΞ AΛ AΞΛ ( ζp− ζs)Ξ
Eq. (2.24)		 ( ζp− ζs)Ξ
Eq. (2.26)
J/ψ→Λ Λ ¯ − 1.7× 10− 4 − − −
J/ψ→Ξ − Ξ ¯+ (ΔΦ =0) 2.2× 10− 4 2.1× 10− 4 2.5× 10− 4 2.4× 10− 3 6.5× 10− 4
Tab.11  
Fig.4  
Fig.5  
Fig.6  
Fig.7  
Fig.8  
Fig.9  
Fig.10  
s (GeV) 2 2 4 4 7 7
m (MeV) 1 100 1 100 1 100
?≲ 3× 10− 5 7× 10− 5 9 ×10−5 1× 10− 4 2 ×10−4 3× 10− 4
Tab.12  
Physics process Optimized parameter
τ→Ksπ ντ; J/ ψ→Λ Λ ¯ Vertex reconstruction; tracking (efficiency, momentum resolution)
τ→γμ; τ→l ll; Ds→μν; D→π μν PID (range, μ/π suppression power, efficiency)
e+e−→π + π−+X, KK+X; Ds→τν τ PID (range, π/K and K /π misidentification, efficiency)
τ→γμ; J/ ψ→Λ Λ ¯ Photon (position/energy resolution)
e+e−→nn ¯, e+e−→γnn ¯ n (position/time resolution)
D0→KLπ+π− KL (position/time resolution)
Tab.13  
Fig.11  
Fig.12  
Fig.13  
Fig.14  
Fig.15  
Fig.16  
Fig.17  
Process Physics interest Optimized subdetector Requirements
τ→Ksπ ντ, CPV in the τ sector, ITK+MDC Acceptance: 93% of 4 π; Trk. Effi.:
J/ψ→Λ Λ ¯, CPV in the hyperon sector, >99% at pT>0.3 GeV/c; >90% at pT= 0.1 GeV/c,
D(s ) tag Charm physics σp/p=0.5%, σγϕ=130 μm at 1 GeV/c
e+e−→KK +X, Fragmentation function, PID π/K and K /π misidentification rate <2%,
D(s ) decays CKM matrix, LQCD, etc. PID efficiency of hadrons >97% at p < 2 GeV/c
τ→μμμ, τ→γ μ, cLFV decay of τ, PID+MUD μ/π suppression power over 30 at p < 2 GeV/c,
Ds→μν CKM matrix, LQCD, etc. μ efficiency over 95% at p = 1 GeV/c
τ→γμ, cLFV decay of τ, EMC σE/E≈2.5% at E = 1 GeV,
ψ(3686)→γη(2S) Charmonium transition σpos≈5 mm at E = 1 GeV
e+e−→nn ¯, Nucleon structure EMC+MUD σT= 300p3(GeV 3)ps
D0→KLπ+π− Unity of CKM triangle
Tab.14  
Parameter Value
Circumference (m) 600
Beam energy range (GeV) 1−3.5
Optimized beam energy (GeV) 2
Current (A) 2
Crossing angle 2 θ (mrad) 60
Natural energy spread 4.0× 10− 4
Bunch length (mm) 12
Luminosity (×1035 cm− 2?s−1) >0.5
Tab.15  
Fig.18  
Luminosity-related RBB e+e− RBB photon Two photon process
Cross-section (mb) 2.99 2.99, n ¯γ=1.3573 5.15
Luminosity (cm−2·s−1) 1× 1035
Particle rate (Hz) 5.98× 108 1.07× 108 1.03× 109
Beam-related Touschek effect Coulomb scattering Bremsstrahlung
Particle rate (Hz) 1.12× 109 2.09× 108 2.1× 106
Tab.16  
Fig.19  
Fig.20  
Detector TID value (Gy/y) NIEL damage (1 MeV neutron·cm−2·y−1) Total count rate (Hz)
Silicon-inner-1 1170 2.71× 1010 3.90× 108
Silicon-inner-2 243 1.02× 1010 3.59× 108
Silicon-inner-3 64.9 1.71× 1010 2.92× 108
μRWELL-inner-1 10.9 9.95× 109 5.35× 108
μRWELL-inner-2 4.55 1.15× 1010 4.75× 108
μRWELL-inner-3 4.66 1.44× 1010 6.81× 108
MDC 11.0 4.27× 1010 7.27× 108
PID-Barrel (RICH) 2.96 8.67× 109 4.50× 108
PID-Endcap (DTOF) 1.34 4.65× 109 8.30× 108
EMC-Barrel 0.35 1.41× 1010 2.64× 109
EMC-Endcap 0.32 7.26× 109 9.38× 108
MUD-Barrel-RPC 0.028 3.23× 108 5.58× 106
MUD-Barrel-Scintillator 0.040 3.89× 1011 1.06× 107
MUD-Endcap-RPC 0.017 7.03× 107 3.53× 106
MUD-Endcap-Scintillator 0.027 1.86× 1011 1.22× 107
Tab.17  
Detector Highest TID value per pixel (Gy/y) Highest NIEL damage per pixel (1 MeV neutron·cm−2·y−1) Highest count rate per channel (Hz/channel)
Silicon-inner-1 3490 1.75× 1011 2.61× 102
Silicon-inner-2 320 3.72× 1010 2.74× 101
Silicon-inner-3 150 2.68× 1010 8.51× 100
μRWELL-inner-1 118 1.12× 1010 3.35× 105
μRWELL-inner-2 61.8 1.46× 1010 1.63× 105
μRWELL-inner-3 38.6 5.67× 1010 1.61× 105
MDC 60.5 4.87× 1010 4.00× 105
PID-Barrel (RICH) 4.25 1.07× 1010 3.3× 103
PID-Endcap (DTOF) 44.3 1.98× 1010 1.20× 105
EMC-Barrel 21.1 1.76× 1010 9.00× 105
EMC-Endcap 45.1 1.88× 1010 1.50× 106
MUD-Barrel-RPC 0.093 3.74× 1011 1.76× 103
MUD-Barrel-Scintillator 0.047 4.88× 1011 1.15× 103
MUD-Endcap-RPC 0.37 1.22× 1010 2.83× 104
MUD-Endcap-Scintillator 0.24 2.79× 1012 9.8× 104
Tab.18  
Electronic component TID value (Gy/y) NIEL damage (1 MeV neutron·cm−2·y−1) Highest TID value per pixel (Gy/y) Highest NIEL damage per pixel (1 MeV neutron·cm−2·y−1)
Inner-1-electronic 1420 5.09× 1010 1460 5.94× 1010
Inner-2-electronic 238 2.22× 1010 250 2.35× 1010
Inner-3-electronic 95.9 2.95× 1010 97.2 3.24× 1010
MDC-electronic 5.2 6.44× 109 7.4 2.20× 1010
PID-Barrel-electronic 2.45 6.87× 109 2.95 8.37× 109
PID-Endcap-electronic 1.02 2.70× 109 6.81 3.96× 109
EMC-Barrel-electronic 0.046 1.51× 109 1.03 3.88× 109
EMC-Endcap-electronic 0.67 9.44× 108 60.5 1.78× 1010
MUD-Barrel-electronic 0.020 1.45× 108 0.065 3.42× 1011
MUD-Endcap-electronic 0.28 1.87× 108 3.56 1.79× 109
Tab.19  
Fig.21  
Fig.22  
Fig.23  
Fig.24  
Structure Material Thickness (cm) Material budget (X0)
Inner cylinder Aluminum (X0 = 8.897 cm) 0.001 0.011%
Polyimide (X0 = 28.57 cm) 0.01 0.035%
Aramid honeycomb/Rohacell ( X0 ≃ 267 cm) 0.2 0.075%
Gas volume Argon-based gas mixture ( X0 = 11760 cm) 0.5 0.00425%
Outer cylinder (μRWELL foil) Alumium (X0 = 8.897 cm) 0.0015 0.017%
Polyimide (X0 = 28.57 cm) 0.03 0.106%
DLC (X0 = 12.13 cm) 0.0001 0.00082%
Total 0.249%
Tab.20  
Fig.25  
Fig.26  
Fig.27  
Fig.28  
Fig.29  
Fig.30  
Fig.31  
Fig.32  
Inner PI film Inner adhesive Structure support material Outer adhesive Outer PI film Total
Honeycomb-based 0.028% 0.009% 0.033% 0.009% 0.030% 0.105%
Rohacell-based 0.028% 0.009% 0.010% 0.008% 0.029% 0.084%
Tab.21  
Fig.33  
Fig.34  
Fig.35  
Fig.36  
Superlayer Radius (mm) Num. of layers Stereo angle (mrad) Num. of cells Cell size (mm)
A 200.0 6 0 128 9.8 to 12.5
U 271.6 6 39.3 to 47.6 160 10.7 to 12.9
V 342.2 6 −41.2 to −48.4 192 11.2 to 13.2
A 419.2 6 0 224 11.7 to 13.5
U 499.8 6 50.0 to 56.4 256 12.3 to 13.8
V 578.1 6 −51.3 to −57.2 288 12.6 to 14.0
A 662.0 6 0 320 13.0 to 14.3
A 744.0 6 0 352 13.3 to 14.5
Total 200 to 827.3 48 11520
Tab.22  
Fig.37  
Fig.38  
Fig.39  
Fig.40  
Fig.41  
Gas Mixture Ar/CO2/CH4 (89/10/1) He/CH4 (60/40) He/C2H6 (50/50) He/C3H8 (60/40) He/iC4H10 (80/20)
Drift velocity of an electron 5.0 3.7 4.0 3.8 3.4
vd (cm/μs)
Transverse diffusion coefficient 233 191 170 154 159
σL (μm/ cm 12) @ E=760 V/cm
Lorentz angle 41 28 29 24 21
θL (degree) @ E=760 V/cm
Primary ionizing power (i.p./cm) 30 10 23 30 21
Radiation length (m) 124 808 640 550 807
Tab.23  
Fig.42  
Fig.43  
Fig.44  
Fig.45  
Fig.46  
Fig.47  
Fig.48  
Fig.49  
Fig.50  
Fig.51  
Fig.52  
Thickness [mm] X/X 0
Top ceramic plate 3 0.03
Quartz window 3 0.03
Radiator C6F 14 10 0.05
THGEM+Micromegas 0.4 0.01
Anode+FEE 8 0.02
Aluminum plate 5 0.05
FEE cooling 5 0.05
Total 0.24
Tab.24  
Fig.53  
Source Error (mrad) Simulation (mrad)
Chromatic 6.0 5.0
Geometric 2.6 3.1
Localization 1.6 1.8
Multiple scattering 1.1 1.1
Total 6.8 6.2
Tab.25  
Fig.54  
Fig.55  
Fig.56  
Fig.57  
Fig.58  
Generation rate (Hz) RICH rate (Hz) Counting rate (Hz/mm2)
RBB e± 5.98×108 1.25×108 50.7
RBB γ 1.07×108 3.71×106 1.47
Two photon 1.03×109 2.44×107 9.65
Touschek 1.12×109 5.04×106 1.99
Coulomb 2.09×108 2.90×108 115
Brems 2.10×106 2.10×102 negligible
Tab.26  
Fig.59  
Fig.60  
Fig.61  
Fig.62  
Fig.63  
Fig.64  
Fig.65  
Fig.66  
Fig.67  
Fig.68  
Fig.69  
Fig.70  
Fig.71  
Fig.72  
Configuration/Geometry ID 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Radiator shapes (sector number) 4 12 24 4 4 4 4
Radiator thickness (mm) 15 15 15 10 20 15 15
Outer side surface A A A A A R 45° R
Inner side surface A A A A A A A
Lateral side surface R R R R R R R
Tab.27  
Fig.73  
Configuration/Geometry ID 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Npe for pions 21.8 21.9 17.0 15.5 25.7 33.2 38.7
Accumulated charge density on 10.8 10.5 9.6 8.8 11.8 17.0 25.6
MCP-PMT anode (C /cm 2)
π/K separation power 4.17σ 4.08σ 3.66σ 3.99σ 4.27σ 4.26σ 4.19σ
Tab.28  
Fig.74  
Fig.75  
Fig.76  
Fig.77  
Fig.78  
Fig.79  
Fig.80  
Fig.81  
Fig.82  
Fig.83  
Fig.84  
Condition Intri Carbon fiber (200 μm) Uni (5%) APD Noise (1 MeV)
EneRes @ 1 GeV (%) 1.52 1.96 2.06 2.11 2.15
Tab.29  
Fig.85  
Fig.86  
Fig.87  
Fig.88  
Fig.89  
Fig.90  
Fig.91  
Fig.92  
Fig.93  
Fig.94  
Fig.95  
Fig.96  
Fig.97  
Fig.98  
Fig.99  
Fig.100  
Fig.101  
Channel Low limit (MeV) High limit (MeV)
High gain 3 150
Low gain 10 3000
Tab.30  
Fig.102  
Fig.103  
Parameter Baseline design
Rin [cm] 185
Rout [cm] 291
Re [cm] 85
LBarrel [cm] 480
TEndcap [cm] 107
Segmentation in ϕ 8
Number of detector layers 10
Iron yoke thickness [cm] 4/4/4.5/4.5/6/6/6/8/8 cm
(λ=16.77 cm) Total: 51 cm, 3.04λ
Solid angle 79.2% × 4π in barrel
14.8% × 4π in endcap
94% × 4π in total
Total area [m2] Barrel ~717
Endcap ~520
Total ~1237
Tab.31  
Fig.104  
Fig.105  
Fig.106  
Fig.107  
Fig.108  
Fig.109  
Neutron KL
Average cluster size in scintillators Probability of cluster size ≥2 Average cluster size in scintillators Probability of cluster size ≥2
200 MeV/c 2.42 5% 4.42 32%
400 MeV/c 4.07 31% 6.48 50%
600 MeV/c 5.57 49% 7.88 68%
800 MeV/c 7.23 66% 9.20 74%
1000 MeV/c 8.31 74% 8.96 76%
1200 MeV/c 9.03 79% 11.18 84%
Tab.32  
Fig.110  
Detector type Bakelite-RPC Plastic scintillator
Detector layer 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Simulated background count rate in the barrel (Hz/cm2) 9.2 3.54 1.42 4.25 6.50 2.80 1.77 0.76 0.39 0.36
Tab.33  
Detector layer Half-length in X (cm) Barrel half-length in Z (cm) MUD channel number in X Channel number in Z Inner radius (cm) Endcap outer radius (cm) MUD channel number in X Channel number in Z
Bakelite-RPC 1 76.6 240 1535 1920 94 290 960 784
2 79.9 240 1600 1920 94 290 960 784
3 83.3 240 1670 1920 98 290 960 768
Plastic scintillator 4 86.8 240 0 1920 98 290 960 768
5 90.3 240 0 1920 102 290 960 752
6 94.4 240 0 1920 102 290 960 752
7 98.6 240 0 1920 106 290 960 736
8 102.7 240 0 1920 110 290 960 720
9 107.7 240 0 1920 114 290 960 704
10 112.7 240 0 1920 118 290 960 688
Tab.34  
Cryostat
Inner radius 1.450 m
Outer radius 1.850 m
Length 4.760 m
Coil
Mean radius 1.565 m
Length 4.000 m
Conductor dimension 4.67 × 15.0 mm2
Electrical parameters
Central field 1.0 T
Nominal current 3820 A
Inductance 1.68 H
Stored energy 12.3 MJ
Cold mass 4.6 ton
Radiation thickness 1.9 X0
Cool down time from room temperature ≤7 days
Quench recovery time ≤7 hours
Tab.35  
Fig.111  
Fig.112  
Fig.113  
Fig.114  
Fig.115  
Rated current 3820 A
Critical current at 4.2 K & 2 T ≥15000 A
Conductor length 9.15 km
Cable dimension 4.67 mm × 15 mm
Rutherford cable parameters
Number of strands 16
Cable transposition pitch 100 ± 5 mm
Cu:NbTi 1:1
NbTi filament diameter 30 ± 5 μm
Number of filaments ≥600
N value@2T ≥35
Aluminum stabilizer parameters
RRR@0T, 4.2K ≥500
Yield strength@4.2K ≥60 MPa
Impurity content >1000 ppm
Cross-section ratio of aluminum >80%
Tab.36  
Fig.116  
Fig.117  
Fig.118  
Heat load components 77 K 4.5 K
Caused by the support rods in cryostat 27 W 1.0 W
Caused by the radiation in cryostat 74 W 3.2 W
Caused by the current leads − 7.9 W + 0.4 g/s
Caused by the radiation in chimney & SP 10 W 0.4 W
Caused by the support rods in chimney & SP 4 W 0.1 W
Caused by the bayonet and valves in SP 46 W 13 W
Caused by the measuring wires 5 W 0.8 W
Total 166 W 26.4 W + 0.4 g/s
Adopted heat load (× 1.5) 249 W 39.6 W + 0.6 g/s
Tab.37  
Fig.119  
Fig.120  
Physics process Cross-section (nb) Rate (Hz)
s =3.097 GeV, L=0.75×1035 cm− 2?s−1, ΔE= 0.848 MeV
J/ψ 4500 337500
→ e+e − 270 20000
→ μ+μ− 270 20000
Bhabha ( θ∈( 20∘,160∘)) 734 55000
γγ (θ∈(20∘,160∘)) 36 2700
μ+μ− 11.4 900
Hadronic from continuum 25.6 2000
2γ process (θ∈(20∘,160∘)),E> 0.1 GeV ~23.3 1740
Total ~5300 ~400000
s =3.773 GeV, L=1.0×1035 cm− 2?s−1
ψ(3770) 9 900
Bhabha ( θ∈( 20∘,160∘)) 517 51700
γγ (θ∈(20∘,160∘)) 24.5 2450
μ+μ− 7.9 790
Hadronic from continuum 18 1800
2γ process (θ∈(20∘,160∘)),E> 0.1 GeV ~25 2500
Total ~601 ~60100
Tab.38  
Fig.121  
Fig.122  
Fig.123  
Component Num. of channels Readout time window Event size (B) Total (B/s)
ITK (Silicon) 50M 500 ns 14300 5.72G
ITK (μRWELL) 10552 500 ns 17232 6.89G
MDC 11520 1 μs 20400 8.16G
PID (RICH) 518400 500 ns 15600 6.24G
PID (DTOF) 6912 500 ns 7380 2.95G
EMC 8670 500 ns 15000 6.00G
MUD 41280 500 ns 262 105M
Total(Silicon) 50.6M – 72.9k 29.2G
Total(μRWELL) 5.94 × 105 – 75.9k 30.4G
Tab.39  
Fig.124  
Fig.125  
Fig.126  
Fig.127  
Fig.128  
Fig.129  
Fig.130  
Fig.131  
Fig.132  
Fig.133  
Fig.134  
Fig.135  
Observable BESIII (2020) Belle II (50 ab−1) STCF (1 ab−1)
Charmonium(like) spectroscopy:
Luminosity between 4−5 GeV 20 fb−1 0.23 ab−1 1 ab−1
Collins fragmentation functions:
Asymmetry in e+e−→ KK+X 0.3 [470] − <0.002 [471]
CP violations:
Acp in hyperon 0.014 [26] − 0.00023
Acp in τ − O(10−3)/ 70 [251] 0.0009 [250]
Leptonic decays of D(s):
Vcd 0.03 [472] − 0.0015
fD 0.03 − 0.0015
B(D→τν) B(D→μ ν) 0.2 − 0.005
Vcs 0.02 [473] 0.005 0.0015
fDs 0.02 0.005 0.0015
B(Ds→τν) B(Ds→μν) 0.04 0.009 0.0038
D mixing parameter:
x − 0.03 0.05 [474]
y − 0.02 0.05
τ properties:
mτ (MeV/c−2) 0.12 [475] − 0.012
dτ (e cm) − 2.02× 10− 19 5.14× 10− 19
cLFV decays of τ(U.L at 90% C.L.):
τ→lll − 1× 10− 9 1.4× 10− 9
τ→γμ − 5× 10− 9 1.8× 10− 8
J/ψ→eτ 7.5× 10− 8 − 7.1× 10− 10
Tab.40  
Fig.136  
Fig.137  
Fig.138  
Fig.139  
Fig.140  
Fig.141  
Fig.142  
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