Quantum secure direct communication with hybrid entanglement

doi:10.1007/s11467-024-1396-5

Frontiers of Physics

2024, Vol. 19

Issue (5): 51201 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-024-1396-5

本期目录

Quantum secure direct communication with hybrid entanglement

Peng Zhao^1,², Wei Zhong², Ming-Ming Du¹, Xi-Yun Li³, Lan Zhou³, Yu-Bo Sheng^1,²(

)

¹. College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
². Institute of Quantum Information and Technology, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China
³. College of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China

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Abstract：

Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) can transmit secret messages without keys, making it an important branch of quantum communication. We present a hybrid entanglement-based quantum secure direct communication (HE-QSDC) protocol with simple linear optical elements, combining the benefits of both continuous variables (CV) and discrete variables (DV) encoding. We analyze the security and find that the QSDC protocol has a positive security capacity when the bit error rate is less than 0.073. Compared with previous DV QSDC protocols, our protocol has higher communication efficiency due to performing nearly deterministic Bell-state measurement. On the other hand, compared with CV QSDC protocol, this protocol has higher fidelity with large $α$ . Based on these advantages, our protocol may provide an alternative approach to realize secure communication.

Key words： quantum secure direct communication hybrid entanglement, Bell-state measurement

收稿日期: 2023-11-29 出版日期: 2024-04-01

Corresponding Author(s): Yu-Bo Sheng

引用本文:

. [J]. Frontiers of Physics, 2024, 19(5): 51201.
Peng Zhao, Wei Zhong, Ming-Ming Du, Xi-Yun Li, Lan Zhou, Yu-Bo Sheng. Quantum secure direct communication with hybrid entanglement. Front. Phys. , 2024, 19(5): 51201.

链接本文:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fop/CN/10.1007/s11467-024-1396-5
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fop/CN/Y2024/V19/I5/51201

Fig.1

	$\| ϕ + ? C$	$\| ϕ − ? C$	$\| ψ + ? C$	$\| ψ − ? C$

$\| ψ + ? P$	$\| Φ − ?$	$\| Φ + ?$	$∗$	$∗$
$\| ψ − ? P$	$∗$	$∗$	$\| Ψ − ?$	$\| Ψ + ?$
$F p$	$\| Φ + ?$	$\| Φ − ?$	$\| Ψ + ?$	$\| Ψ − ?$

Tab.1

Fig.2

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