Simulation of steel beam under ceiling jet based on a wind–fire–structure coupling model

doi:10.1007/s11709-022-0936-8

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering

2023, Vol. 17

Issue (1): 78-98 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11709-022-0936-8

本期目录

Simulation of steel beam under ceiling jet based on a wind–fire–structure coupling model

Jinggang ZHOU¹, Xuanyi ZHOU¹(

), Beihua CONG², Wei WANG¹, Ming GU¹

¹. State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
². Shanghai Institute of Disaster Prevention and Relief, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

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Abstract：

For localized fires, it is necessary to consider the thermal and mechanical responses of building elements subject to uneven heating under the influence of wind. In this paper, the thermomechanical phenomena experienced by a ceiling jet and I-beam in a structural fire were simulated. Instead of applying the concept of adiabatic surface temperature (AST) to achieve fluid–structure coupling, this paper proposes a new computational fluid dynamics–finite element method numerical simulation that combines wind, fire, thermal, and structural analyses. First, to analyze the velocity and temperature distributions, the results of the numerical model and experiment were compared in windless conditions, showing good agreement. Vortices were found in the local area formed by the upper and lower flanges of the I-beam and the web, generating a local high-temperature zone and enhancing the heat transfer of convection. In an incoming-flow scenario, the flame was blown askew significantly; the wall temperature was bimodally distributed in the axial direction. The first temperature peak was mainly caused by radiative heat transfer, while the second resulted from convective heat transfer. In terms of mechanical response, the yield strength degradation in the highest-temperature region in windless conditions was found to be significant, thus explaining the stress distribution of steel beams in the fire field. The mechanical response of the overall elements considering the incoming flows was essentially elastic.

Key words： CFD–FEM coupling steel beam wind ceiling jet numerical heat transfer

收稿日期: 2022-08-09 出版日期: 2023-03-02

Corresponding Author(s): Xuanyi ZHOU

作者简介:

Qingyong Zheng and Ya Gao contributed equally to this work.

引用本文:

. [J]. Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering, 2023, 17(1): 78-98.
Jinggang ZHOU, Xuanyi ZHOU, Beihua CONG, Wei WANG, Ming GU. Simulation of steel beam under ceiling jet based on a wind–fire–structure coupling model. Front. Struct. Civ. Eng., 2023, 17(1): 78-98.

链接本文:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fsce/CN/10.1007/s11709-022-0936-8
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fsce/CN/Y2023/V17/I1/78

Fig.1

Fig.2

domain	name of equation	description
gas phase	mass-conservation equation	$? ρ ? t + ? ? (ρ V) = 0$
	momentum-conservation equation	$? ? t (ρ v i) + ? ? x j (ρ v i v j) = ? ? P ? x i + ? ? x j [(μ + μ t) (? v i ? x j + ? v j ? x i)] + ρ g i$
	energy-conservation equation	$? ? t (ρ H) + ? ? (ρ V H) = ? ? (λ eff c p ? H) + S h$
	species-transport equation	$? ? t (ρ f) + ? ? (ρ V f) = ? ? (ρ D eff ? f)$
	turbulence/chemistry interaction	$φ i ˉ = ∫ 01 p (f) φ i (f, H) d f$
	radiation-transport equation	$(Ω ? ?) I (r, Ω) = ? (α + σ s) I (r, Ω) + α σ T g 4 π + σ s 4 π ∫ Ω ′ = 4 π I (r, Ω ′) Φ (Ω, Ω ′) d Ω ′$
	soot-generation equation	$? ? t (ρ Y soot) + ? ? (ρ V Y soot) = ? ? (μ t σ soot ? Y soot) + R soot,form ? R soot,comb$
fluid–solid boundary	radiative and convective heat-transfer	$q net ″ = q rad ″ + q conv ″ = ε (q inc ″ ? σ T s 4) + h c (T g ? T s)$
solid phase	heat-conduction equation	$ρ c p ? T s ? t = λ s ? 2 T + q net ″$
	virtual work principle	$∫ V σ i j δ ε i j d V ? (∫ V F i ˉ δ u j d V + ∫ S p T i ˉ δ u i d S p) = 0$
	material constitutive equation	$σ i j = E ε sT = E (ε i j ? ε i j 0)$

Tab.1

Fig.3

Fig.4

item	model or status
solver	pressure-based, implicit, transient
turbulence model	RNG k? $ε$ model
radiative heat transfer	DO model
combustion	chemical-equilibrium non-premixed combustion
soot formation	one-step Khan and Greeves model

Tab.2

Tab.3

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

Fig.10

Fig.11

Fig.12

Fig.13

Fig.14

Fig.15

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