Structural build-up model for three-dimensional concrete printing based on kinetics theory

doi:10.1007/s11709-024-1081-3

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering

2024, Vol. 18

Issue (7): 998-1014 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11709-024-1081-3

本期目录

Structural build-up model for three-dimensional concrete printing based on kinetics theory

Prabhat Ranjan PREM¹(

), P. S. AMBILY¹, Shankar KUMAR¹, Greeshma GIRIDHAR¹, Dengwu JIAO²(

)

¹. Advanced Materials Laboratory, CSIR-Structural Engineering Research Centre, Chennai 600113, India
². Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China

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Abstract：

The thixotropic structural build-up is crucial in extrusion-based three-dimensional (3D) concrete printing. This paper uses a theoretical model to predict the evolution of static and dynamic yield stress for printed concrete. The model employs a structural kinetics framework to create a time-independent constitutive link between shear stress and shear rate. The model considers flocculation, deflocculation, and chemical hydration to anticipate structural buildability. The reversible and irreversible contributions that occur throughout the build-up, breakdown, and hydration are defined based on the proposed structural parameters. Additionally, detailed parametric studies are conducted to evaluate the impact of model parameters. It is revealed that the proposed model is in good agreement with the experimental results, and it effectively characterizes the structural build-up of 3D printable concrete.

Key words： structural build-up rheology thixotropy 3D printable concrete kinetics theory ultra high performance concrete

收稿日期: 2023-09-15 出版日期: 2024-08-06

Corresponding Author(s): Prabhat Ranjan PREM,Dengwu JIAO

引用本文:

. [J]. Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering, 2024, 18(7): 998-1014.
Prabhat Ranjan PREM, P. S. AMBILY, Shankar KUMAR, Greeshma GIRIDHAR, Dengwu JIAO. Structural build-up model for three-dimensional concrete printing based on kinetics theory. Front. Struct. Civ. Eng., 2024, 18(7): 998-1014.

链接本文:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fsce/CN/10.1007/s11709-024-1081-3
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fsce/CN/Y2024/V18/I7/998

Model	Equation
Newton	$τ = μ p γ ˙$
Bingham [20]	$τ = τ y + μ p γ ˙$
Modified Bingham	$τ = τ y + μ p γ ˙ + c γ ˙ 2$
Herschel−Bulkley [21]	$τ = τ y + k γ ˙ n$
Power law [22]	$τ = k γ ˙ n$

Tab.1

Ref.	Breakdown	Build-up	Hydration build-up
Moore [23]	$K 2 λ γ ˙$	$K 1 (1 − λ)$	−
Worrall and Tuliani [24]	$K 2 λ γ ˙$	−	$K 3 γ ˙ (1 − λ)$
Pinder [26]	$K 2 λ 2$	$K 1$	−
Lee and Brodkey [27]	$K 2 σ a λ b$	$K 1 (1 − λ) c$	$K 3 σ d (1 − λ) e$
Yziquel et al. [28]	$K 2 σ λ γ ˙$	$K 1 (1 − λ)$	−
Mujumdar et al. [29]	$K 2 λ γ ˙$	$K 1 (1 − λ)$	−

Tab.2

Ref.	$η$ and $λ$	$τ$ and $λ$
Moore [23]	$λ η 0$	−
Worrall and Tuliani [24]	$λ η 0$	$τ i$
Dullaert and Mewis [30]	$λ η 0$	$λ G 0 γ e (λ, γ ˙)$
Roussel [31]	$k γ ˙ n − 1$	$(1 + λ) τ i$
Wang et al. [8]	−	$(1 + λ − λ i m) τ i$

Tab.3

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Ref.	Binder	$τ S, i (P a)$	$w / b$	$φ 0$	$α ind ˙ 10 − 3 (j s − 1 / g m)$	Proposed Model
Ref.	Binder	$τ S, i (P a)$	$w / b$	$φ 0$	$α ind ˙ 10 − 3 (j s − 1 / g m)$	$k 3 (g ? m J − 1)$	$K 3 (× 10 − 4) (s − 1)$	$R 2$
Qian and Kawashima [44]	C	17.05	0.36	0.469	0.65−0.7[72,73]	1.556	4.746	1
Huang et al. [45]	C	25.01	0.30	0.515	–	0.753	2.519	0.99
Huang et al. [45]	C + FA	15.54	0.30	0.515	0.5−1[72,74]	0.75	1.925	0.99
Panda and Tan [46]	C + FA	760	0.45	0.482	–	2.7	6.52	0.98
Mostafa and Yahia [47]	C + SF	18.03	0.4	0.45	0.8−0.1[71]	0.36	1.296	0.98
Huang et al. [45]	C + SF	211.18	0.30	0.515	–	0.5	2.04	1

Tab.4

Fig.8

Fig.9

Tab.5

Fig.10

Fig.11

Fig.12

Fig.13

Parameter	U_0	U_0.5	U_1
Adj. R-Square	0.99	0.96	0.89
$τ S, i$	181.17	265.28	306.26
$λ D$	0.764	0.768	0.790
$K 1$	0.431	0.397	0.385
$K 2$	0.0194	0.0190	0.0159
$C 0$	5.00E+19	5.00E+19	5.00E+19
$C$	3.739	1.778	1.1
$K 3$	5.49E–04	7.19E–04	8.97E–04
A_thix	3.72E–01	3.39E–01	3.02E–01

Tab.6

Fig.14

Fig.15

Fig.16

Parameters	Case I	Case II	Case III
$τ S, i$ (Pa)	5000	5000	5000
$K 1$ (s)	$1 / 2$	$1 / 2$	$1 / 30$
$K 2$	0.005	0.005	0.005
$β$	$0. 5, 1 − 4$	$0. 5, 1 − 4$	1
$γ ˙$ (s^–1)	10,100	10	$10, 20, 30, 40$
$C 0$ (s)	$1 / 2$	–	$1 / 30$
$t 1$ (s)	–	120	120
$C$ (Pa/s)	–	–	0.154
$K 3$ (s)	–	–	$1 / 1200$

Tab.7

Fig.17

Fig.18

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