Hazard and vulnerability evaluation of water distribution system in cases of contamination intrusion accidents

doi:10.1007/s11783-012-0409-8

Front Envir Sci Eng

0, Vol.

Issue () : 839-848 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-012-0409-8

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Hazard and vulnerability evaluation of water distribution system in cases of contamination intrusion accidents

Kunlun XIN¹, Tao TAO¹(

), Yong WANG², Suiqing LIU¹

1. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; 2. Zhejiang Urban & Rural Planning Design Institute, Hangzhou 300072, China

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Abstract

In this paper, it proposed an index system for hazard and vulnerability evaluations of water distribution networks, based on the simulation of contamination events caused by pollutant injections at different junctions. It attempted to answer the following two questions in the case of contamination events: 1) Which are the most hazardous junctions? 2) Which are the most vulnerable junctions? With EPANET toolkit, it simulated the propagation of the contaminant, and calculated the peak concentration of the contaminant and mass delivered at different nodes. According to types of consumers, different weights were assigned to the consumer nodes for assessing the influence of the contaminant on the consumers. Using the method proposed herein, both the hazard index and vulnerability index were calculated for each node in the pipe network. The presented method was therefore applied to the water network of the city of Zhenjiang, which contains two water plants, two booster pump stations with storage tanks. In conclusion, the response time, the relationships between the peak concentration of contaminant and the total absorption are the most important factors in hazard and vulnerability evaluation of the water distribution network.

Keywords water distribution network hazard vulnerability contaminant accident

Corresponding Author(s): TAO Tao,Email:taotao@tongji.edu.cn

Issue Date: 01 December 2012

Cite this article:

Kunlun XIN,Tao TAO,Yong WANG, et al. Hazard and vulnerability evaluation of water distribution system in cases of contamination intrusion accidents[J]. Front Envir Sci Eng, 0, (): 839-848.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-012-0409-8
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y0/V/I/839

Fig.1 Distribution of schools and hospitals in Zhenjiang pipe network

Tab.1 List of school and hospital nodes

Fig.2 Flow chart of assessment process

Tab.2 List of top 30 highest hazard nodes

Fig.3 Top 30 highest hazard nodes.
RT= 30 min, (RT= 6 h), (c) RT= 24 h;

Fig.4 Contribution of indicators in hazard assessment

Fig.5 Top 30 highest vulnerable nodes.
(a) only TCM, (b) only TPC, (c) TCM and TPC;

Fig.6 The spatial distribution of TPC

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