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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering

ISSN 2095-2201

ISSN 2095-221X(Online)

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Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.    2018, Vol. 12 Issue (5) : 8    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-018-1084-1
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Optimization of denitrifying phosphorus removal in a pre-denitrification anaerobic/anoxic/post-aeration+ nitrification sequence batch reactor (pre-A2NSBR) system: Nitrate recycling, carbon/nitrogen ratio and carbon source type
Weihua Zhao1,2, Meixiang Wang1, Jianwei Li1, Yu Huang1, Baikun Li1, Cong Pan1, Xiyao Li1, Yongzhen Peng1()
1. National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
2. School of Marine Science and Technology, Sino-Europe Membrane Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
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Abstract

A novel two sludge pre-A2NSBR system was developed.

Advanced N and P removal was optimized to treat real domestic wastewater.

Nitrifiers and PAOs were enriched with 19.41% and 26.48%, respectively.

Acetate was demonstrated as the high-quality carbon source type.

Because the efficiency of biological nutrient removal is always limited by the deficient carbon source for the low carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio in real domestic sewage, the denitrifying phosphorus removal (DNPR) was developed as a simple and efficient method to remove nitrogen and phosphorous. In addition, this method has the advantage of saving aeration energy while reducing the sludge production. In this context, a pre-denitrification anaerobic/anoxic/post-aeration+ nitrification sequence batch reactor (pre-A2NSBR) system, which could also reduce high ammonia effluent concentration in the traditional two-sludge DNPR process, is proposed in this work. The pre-A2NSBR process was mainly composed of a DNPR SBR and a nitrifying SBR, operating as alternating anaerobic/anoxic/post-aeration+ nitrification sequence. Herein, the long-term performance of different nitrate recycling ratios (0–300%) and C/N ratios (2.5–8.8), carbon source type, and functional microbial community were studied. The results showed that the removal efficiency of total inorganic nitrogen (TIN, including NH4+-N, NO2− -N, and NO3− -N) gradually increased with the nitrate recycling ratios, and the system reached the highest DNPR efficiency of 94.45% at the nitrate recycling ratio of 300%. The optimum C/N ratio was around 3.9–7.3 with a nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency of 80.15% and 93.57%, respectively. The acetate was proved to be a high-quality carbon source for DNPR process. The results of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis indicated that nitrifiers and phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs) were accumulated with a proportion of 19.41% and 26.48%, respectively.
Keywords Denitrifying phosphorus removal      C/N ratio      Nitrate recycling      Carbon source type      Biological nutrient removal      Pre-A2NSBR system     
Corresponding Author(s): Yongzhen Peng   
Issue Date: 28 September 2018
 Cite this article:   
Weihua Zhao,Meixiang Wang,Jianwei Li, et al. Optimization of denitrifying phosphorus removal in a pre-denitrification anaerobic/anoxic/post-aeration+ nitrification sequence batch reactor (pre-A2NSBR) system: Nitrate recycling, carbon/nitrogen ratio and carbon source type[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2018, 12(5): 8.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-018-1084-1
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2018/V12/I5/8
Fig.1  Operational sequence and mechanism of the pre-A2NSBR process.
No. Parameter
(d)		 COD NH4+-N TIN PO43−-P
Influent
(mg/L)		 Effluent (mg/L) Removal (%) Influent (mg/L) Effluent (mg/L) Removal (%) Influent (mg/L) Effluent (mg/L) Removal (%) Influent (mg/L) Effluent (mg/L) Removal (%)
Run 1 1–32 192.44 47.35 75.39 45.50 0.53 98.84 45.94 37.26 18.89 3.64 0.13 96.43
Run 2 33–60 183.90 44.70 75.69 48.89 0.76 98.45 49.12 20.34 58.59 4.67 0.57 87.79
Run 3 61–94 216.40 46.35 78.58 53.28 0.48 99.10 53.84 13.36 75.19 3.98 0.22 94.47
Run 4 95–121) 204.93 48.20 76.48 56.37 0.46 99.18 56.89 13.49 76.29 4.42 0.28 93.67
Run 5 122–169 128.4 39.46 69.27 51.36 0.37 99.28 51.45 22.45 56.37 4.22 0.31 92.65
Run 6 170–204 193.13 41.24 78.65 49.52 0.66 98.67 49.87 15.86 68.20 4.03 0.37 90.82
Run 7 205–253 291.02 44.93 84.56 54.91 0.43 99.22 55.16 10.95 80.15 4.51 0.29 93.57
Run 8 254–277 366.90 48.33 86.83 50.26 1.76 96.50 50.35 11.39 77.38 4.33 0.97 77.60
Run 9 278–297 475.89 57.47. 87.92 53.47 14.20 73.53 53.84 28.21 47.74 4.83 3.00 38.29
Tab.1  Operation scheme and wastewater characteristics (From run 1 to run 4, the C/N ratio was set around 4.0. The reflux ratio was adjusted as 0, 100%, 200%, and 300%. From run 5 to run 9, the reflux ratio was set to 200%, the C/N ratio was adjust as 2.5, 3.9, 5.3, 7.3 and 8.8)
Fig.2  Variations of organics and nutrient removal under different nitrate recycling ratios: (a) COD removal performance; (b) P removal performance; (c) NH4+-N and TIN removal performance; (d) relationship between TIN removal and denitrifying phosphorus removal efficiency.
Fig.3  FISH experiment analysis of PAOs (a1 and a2: total bacteria and PAOs) and AOB (b1 and b2: total bacteria and AOB) & NOB (c1 and c2: total bacteria and NOB).
Fig.4  Variations of organics and nutrient removal under different C/N ratios: (a) COD removal performance; (b) P removal performance; (c) NH4+-N removal performance; (d)TIN removal efficiency.
Fig.5  (a) P-release and uptake performance under different carbon source of acetate, propionate and glucose; (b) PHA synthesis and consumption performance under different carbon source of acetate, propionate and glucose
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