欧拉致德国公主的书信:关于自然哲学的不同学科(第II 卷)(英文版)    作 者:Leonhard Euler   ISBN:978-7-04-051070-6  出版时间:2019-01-08
全书合计 143654 3
内封 672 1
版权 679 0
目录 888 0
前辅文 715 0
LETTER I. Continuation of the Subject, and of Mistakes in the Knowledge of Truth. 1509 0
LETTER II. First Class of Known Truths. Conviction That Things Exist Externally, Corresponding to the Ideas Represented by the Senses, Objection of the Pyrrhonists Reply. 1274 0
LETTER III. Another Objection of the Pyrrhonists against the Certainty of Truths Perceived by the Senses. Reply; and Precautions for Attaining Assurance of Sensible Truths. 1546 0
LETTER IV. Of Demonstrative, Physical, and Particularly of Moral Certainty. 1529 0
LETTER V. Remarks that the Senses Contribute to the Increase of Knowledge; and Precautions for Acquiring the Certainty of Historical Truths. 1215 0
LETTER VI. Whether the Essence of Bodies be Known by Us. 1552 0
LETTER VII. The True Notion of Extension. 1259 0
LETTER VIII. Divisibility of Extension in Infinitum. 1515 0
LETTER IX. Whether This Divisibility in Infinitum Takes Place in Existing Bodies. 1466 0
LETTER X. Of Monads. 1120 0
LETTER XI. Reflections on Divisibility in Infinitum, and on Monads. 1521 0
LETTER XII. Reply to the Objections of the Monadists to Divisibility in Infinitum. 1493 0
LETTER XIII. Principle of the Sufficient Reason, the Strongest Support of the Monadists. 1615 0
LETTER XIV. Another Argument of the Monadists, Derived from the Principle of the Sufficient Reason. Absurdities Resulting from It. 1532 0
LETTER XV. Reflections on the System of Monads. 1214 0
LETTER XVI. Continuation. 1024 0
LETTER XVII. Conclusion of Reflections on This System. 1616 0
LETTER XVIII. Elucidation Respecting the Nature of Colours. 1601 0
LETTER XIX. Reflections on the Analogy between Colours and Sounds. 1621 0
LETTER XX. Continuation. 1127 0
LETTER XXI. How Opaque Bodies are Rendered Visible. 1479 0
LETTER XXII. The Wonders of the Human Voice. 1234 0
LETTER XXIII. A Summary of the Principal Phenomena of Electricity. 1407 0
LETTER XXIV. The True Principle of Nature on Which Are Founded All the Phenomena of Electricity. 1412 0
LETTER XXV. Continuation. Different Nature of Bodies Relatively to Electricity. 1694 0
LETTER XXVI. On the Same Subject. 1266 0
LETTER XXVII. Of Positive and Negative Electricity. Explanation of the Phenomenon of Attraction. 1353 0
LETTER XXVIII. On the Same Subject. 1221 0
LETTER XXIX. On the Electric Atmosphere. 1175 0
LETTER XXX. Communication of Electricity to a Bar of Iron, by Means of a Globe of Glass. 1414 0
LETTER XXXI. Electrization of Men and Animals. 1323 0
LETTER XXXII. Distinctive Character of the Two Species of Electricity. 1552 0
LETTER XXXIII. How the Same Globe of Glass May Furnish at Once the Two Species of Electricity. 1376 0
LETTER XXXIV. The Leyden Experiment. 1088 0
LETTER XXXV. Reflections on the Cause and Nature of Electricity, and on Other Means Proper to Produce It. 1347 0
LETTER XXXVI. Nature of Thunder: Explanations of the Ancient Philosophers, and of Descartes: Resemblance of the Phenomena of Thunder to Those of Electricity. 1613 0
LETTER XXXVII. Explanation of the Phenomena of Lightning and Thunder. 1782 0
LETTER XXXVIII. Continuation. 1087 0
LETTER XXXIX. The Possibility of Preventing, and of Averting, the Effects of Thunder. 1513 0
LETTER XL. On the Celebrated Problem of the Longitude: General Description of the Earth, of Its Axis, Its Two Poles, and the Equator. 1391 0
LETTER XLI. Of the Magnitude of the Earth; of Meridians, and the Shortest Road from Place to Place. 1320 0
LETTER XLII. Of Latitude, and Its Influence on the Seasons, and the Length of the Day. 1410 0
LETTER XLIII. Of Parallels, of the First Meridian, and of Longitude. 1395 0
LETTER XLIV. Choice of the First Meridian. 1219 0
LETTER XLV. Method of Determining the Latitude, or the Elevation of the Pole. 1284 0
LETTER XLVI. Knowledge of the Longitude, from a Calculation of the Direction, and of the Space Passed through. 1411 0
LETTER XLVII. Continuation. Defects of This Method. 1308 0
LETTER XLVIII. Second Method of Determining the Longitude, by Means of an Exact Timepiece. 1374 0
LETTER XLIX. Continuation, and Further Elucidations. 1406 0
LETTER L. Eclipses of the Moon, a Third Method of Finding the Longitude. 1506 0
LETTER LI. Observation of the Eclipses of the Satellites of Jupiter, a Fourth Method of Finding the Longitude. 1526 0
LETTER LII. The Motion of the Moon, a Fifth Method. 1289 0
LETTER LIII. Advantages of This Last Method; Its Degree of Precision. 1690 0
LETTER LIV. On the Mariner's Compass, and the Properties of the Magnetic Needle. 1416 0
LETTER LV. Declination of the Compass, and Manner of Observing It. 1429 0
LETTER LVI. Difference in the Declination of the Compass at the Same Place. 1621 0
LETTER LVII. Chart of Declinations; Method of Employing It for the Discovery of the Longitude. 1389 0
LETTER LVIII. Why Does the Magnetic Needle Affect, in Every Place of the Earth, a Certain Direction, Differing in Different Places; and for What Reason Does It Change, with Time, at the Same Place? 1265 0
LETTER LIX. Elucidations Respecting the Cause and Variation of the Declination of Magnetic Needles. 1254 0
LETTER LX. Inclination or Dip of Magnetic Needles. 1176 0
LETTER LXI. True Magnetic Direction; Subtile Matter Which Produces the Magnetic Power. 1386 0
LETTER LXII. Nature of the Magnetic Matter, and of Its Rapid Current. Magnetic Canals. 1365 0
LETTER LXIII. Magnetic Vortex. Action of Magnets upon Each Other. 1366 0
LETTER LXIV. Nature of Iron and Steel. Method of Communicating to Them the Magnetic Force. 1432 0
LETTER LXV. Action of Loadstones on Iron. Phenomena Observable on Placing Pieces of Iron near a Loadstone. 1306 0
LETTER LXVI. Arming of Loadstones. 1073 0
LETTER LXVII. Action and Force of Armed Loadstones. 1242 0
LETTER LXVIII. The Method of Communicating to Steel the Magnetic Force, and of Magnetizing Needles for the Compass: the Simple Touch, Its Defects; Means of Remedying These. 1254 0
LETTER LXIX. On the Double Touch. Means of Preserving the Magnetic Matter in Magnetized Bars. 1311 0
LETTER LXX. The Method of Communicating to Bars of Steel a Very Great Magnetic Force, by Means of Other Bars Which Have It in a Very Inferior Degree. 1128 0
LETTER LXXI. Construction of Artificial Magnets in the Form of a Horse-shoe. 1434 0
LETTER LXXII. On Dioptrics; Instruments Which That Science Supplies: of Telescopes and Microscopes. Different Figures Given to Glasses or Lenses. 1481 0
LETTER LXXIII. Difference of Lenses with Respect to the Curve of Their Surfaces. Distribution of Lenses into Three Classes. 1439 0
LETTER LXXIV. Effect of Convex Lenses. 1192 0
LETTER LXXV. The Same Subject: Distance of the Focus of Convex Lenses. 1449 0
LETTER LXXVI. Distance of the Image of Objects. 1295 0
LETTER LXXVII. Magnitude of Images. 1162 0
LETTER LXXVIII. Burning-glasses. 1826 0
LETTER LXXIX. The Camera Obscura. 1223 0
LETTER LXXX. Reflections on the Representation in the Camera Obscura. 1507 0
LETTER LXXXI. Of the Magic Lantern, and Solar Microscope. 1481 0
LETTER LXXXII. Use and Effect of a Simple Convex Lens. 1530 0
LETTER LXXXIII. Use and Effect of a Concave Lens. 1283 0
LETTER LXXXIV. Of Apparent Magnitude, of the Visual Angle, and of Microscopes in General. 1431 0
LETTER LXXXV. Estimation of the Magnitude of Objects Viewed through the Microscope. 1248 0
LETTER LXXXVI. Fundamental Proposition for the Construction of Simple Microscopes. Plan of Some Simple Microscopes. 1325 0
LETTER LXXXVII. Limits and Defects of the Simple Microscope. 1541 0
LETTER LXXXVIII. On Telescopes, and Their Effect. 1278 0
LETTER LXXXIX. Of Pocket-glasses. 1145 0
LETTER XC. On the Magnifying Power of Pocket-glasses. 1465 0
LETTER XCI. Defects of Pocket-glasses. Of the Apparent Field. 1448 0
LETTER XCII. Determination of the Apparent Field for Pocket-glasses. 1441 0
LETTER XCIII. Astronomical Telescopes, and Their Magnifying Power. 1448 0
LETTER XCIV. Of the Apparent Field, and the Place of the Eye. 1470 0
LETTER XCV. Determination of the Magnifying Power of Astronomical Telescopes, and the Construction of a Telescope Which Shall Magnify Objects a Given Number of Times. 1460 0
LETTER XCVI. Degree of Clearness. 1110 0
LETTER XCVII. Aperture of Object-glasses. 1109 0
LETTER XCVIII. On Distinctness in the Expression: On the Space of Diffusion Occasioned by the Aperture of Object-glasses, and Considered as the First Source of Want of Distinctness in the Representation. 1316 0
LETTER XCIX. Diminution of the Aperture of Lenses, and Other Means of Lessening the Space of Diffusion Till It Is Reduced to Nothing. 1434 0
GLOSSARY 1238 0