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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering

ISSN 2095-7505

ISSN 2095-977X(Online)

CN 10-1204/S

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Front. Agr. Sci. Eng.    2015, Vol. 2 Issue (2) : 152-158    https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2015067
REVIEW
Air pollution affects food security in China: taking ozone as an example
Zhaozhong FENG1, Xuejun LIU2(), Fusuo ZHANG2
1. State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
2. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Abstract

Air pollution is becoming an increasingly important environmental concern due to its visible negative impact on human health. However, air pollution also affects agricultural crops or food security directly or indirectly, which has not so far received sufficient attention. In this overview, we take ozone (O 3 ) as an example to analyze the principles and extent of the impact of air pollution on food security in China based on a review of the literature. Current O 3 pollution shows a clear negative impact on food security, causing around a 10% yield decrease for major cereal crops according to a large number of field studies around the world. The mean yield decrease of winter wheat is predicted to be up to 20% in China, based on the projection of future ground-level O 3 concentration in 2020, if no pollution control measures are implemented. Strict mitigation of NO x and VOC s (two major precursors of O 3 ) emissions is crucial for reducing the negative impacts of ground-level O 3 on food security. Breeding new crop cultivars with tolerance to high ground-level O 3 should receive serious consideration in future research programs. In addition, integrated soil-crop system management will be an important option to mitigate the negative effects of elevated ground-level O 3 on cereal crop production and food quality.

Keywords air pollution      ozone damage      anthropogenic activity      crop production      mitigation of reactive N emission     
Corresponding Author(s): Xuejun LIU   
Just Accepted Date: 12 August 2015   Online First Date: 10 September 2015    Issue Date: 25 September 2015
 Cite this article:   
Zhaozhong FENG,Xuejun LIU,Fusuo ZHANG. Air pollution affects food security in China: taking ozone as an example[J]. Front. Agr. Sci. Eng. , 2015, 2(2): 152-158.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fase/EN/10.15302/J-FASE-2015067
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fase/EN/Y2015/V2/I2/152
Fig.1  A schematic view of the sources and sinks of ozone (O 3 ) in the troposphere [ 3 ] . Besides O 3 deposition directly from stratosphere to troposphere, secondarily O 3 in the troposphere formed from reactions of NO x (sum of NO and NO 2 ) and VOC s (e.g., NMHC s , CH 4 , CO) under sunlight is the major contributor to surface O 3 on earth.
Fig.2  The diurnal change of ground-level O 3 concentration in the ambient air monitored in the city (Olympic park, city center of Beijing) and over cropland (Changping, rural region of Beijing). Highest O 3 concentration was recorded from 1 to 5?p.m., while lowest O 3 concentration occurred in the early morning (5 to 6?a.m.) at both locations.
Fig.3  Diagram of integrated soil-crop system management for high yield, high efficiency and high buffering capacity to air pollution by O 3 (taking maize as an example, modified from Chen et al. [ 43 ] ). Part 1 refers to optimized crop canopy and part 2 refers to soil nutrient (e.g., N) management in time and space.
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